At present, the difficulties faced by primary and secondary education include uneven distribution of educational resources, insufficient infrastructure construction, insufficient teachers, unstable quality and students' mental health problems.

1. Uneven distribution of educational resources: urban-rural gap, regional gap, school gap, etc. As a result, some students cannot obtain good educational resources.

2. Insufficient infrastructure construction: some school facilities are aging and the conditions are not enough to support the implementation of modern teaching methods.

3. Lack of teachers and unstable quality: there is a shortage of primary and secondary school teachers in some areas, and the education level and teaching ability of primary and secondary school teachers in some areas need to be improved.

4. Students' mental health problems: Students are facing increasing academic pressure and social pressure, and some students have psychological problems such as anxiety and depression.