Liu Chunpu, a teacher from Beijing Tongxian No.1 Middle School, first proposed this method. 1979 During the summer vacation, the Ministry of Education and the National Committee of China Education Trade Union held an exchange meeting on the work experience of class teachers in 23 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in Beidaihe. Teacher Liu Chunpu is a representative of Beijing. Many of the delegates attending this meeting are national famous excellent class teachers, such as Mao from the Third Central Primary School in Hongkou District, Shanghai, Guan from the Middle School affiliated to Peking University, Huo Maozheng from the Second Experimental Primary School in Beijing, and Daoli Primary School in Harbin. The official representative of Jilin Province is Shen Guoying, an excellent class teacher in high school attached to northeast normal university. I (then principal of Changchun Experimental Middle School), Wen Hanjiang (then principal of Beijing No.8 Middle School) and Xiang Ping (then principal of Shanghai Xiangming Middle School) attended the meeting as special guests, and served as group leaders respectively.
The experience of "being loyal to the Party's education and doing a good job as a class teacher" introduced by Mr. Liu Chunpu at the conference is very vivid and touching. During the group discussion, everyone praised him for being "emotional and sensible".
Teacher Liu Chunpu told such a story in his speech:
? Someone said to me, "You have never seen you blow your beard and stare at naughty students." Here's the thing. In the days when the Gang of Four rebelled against the so-called "dignity of teachers" and advocated hooliganism, there was a student in my class named Zhang, who was deeply poisoned and contracted a strong bad habit. He is usually full of hooliganism, picking fights everywhere, contradicting the teacher and insulting the teacher to see who is not pleasing to the eye. When he opens his mouth, he is "Where to fight?" Go to Bali Bridge? It doesn't cost you, my name is not Zhang! "All his classmates hate and fear him, even his mother doesn't like him. I approached him, helped him, approached him. That spring, he was seriously injured and broke a finger, so that he just called his mother and rolled on the ground. I rushed to the scene when I heard the news, and he threw himself into my arms. I held his broken hand in distress and he shed tears. I immediately sent him to the county hospital for dressing, and personally sent him to Jishuitan Hospital dozens of miles away for treatment. After Zhang was injured, his parents said, "This is a good thing, so we don't have to make trouble. ".He is recovering at home. I don't think it's possible for his parents to take good care of him. I should often visit him and help him, because an injured child has left the group and needs more comfort and help. I visit him at his house every other day. He recovered for 40 days and I visited him more than 20 times. He also used his bicycle to push him to the hospital for examination and dressing change many times. Because I went to many places, the hospital nurse mistakenly thought I was his brother and made a joke. Once the nurse said, "Brother, go and get the medicine first! "
During my home visit, I saw mud on his hands and face. Knowing that his hands were inconvenient to wash, I washed his hands and face. He was embarrassed. I put him on a stool, made soap and washed him one by one. Suddenly he was short of breath and full of tears. It is often at this time that I always lose no time to enlighten his thoughts, point out the existing problems and help him make a clear direction. In this way, I washed his hands, washed his face, poured water, took off his shoes and put them on, once, twice, a dozen times, helped him to bed and get out of bed; Help him analyze the ideological problems, the existing reasons, the methods of correction and the direction of efforts. He is close to me, loves me and can't live without me. After a long time, he was willing to tell me everything. He told me why he didn't like studying, went astray, how to make up his mind to correct it, and longed for the help of his teacher. He was free and took out everything in his heart. Once I was late, he just waited with one hand covering his tea. When he heard my voice, he stood up happily. I talked with him about learning, thinking and the future. I sincerely helped him sum up the dangers and painful lessons of fighting, swearing and fooling around, put forward specific requirements for him bit by bit, affirmed his advantages, encouraged him to make progress, and gave him the confidence to correct his mistakes and be brave in making progress. He took the initiative to write a resolution that was inconvenient for progress. After he returned to school after his illness, I was strict with him and encouraged him I sometimes go to the streets with him to collect dung and talk while walking. Finally, he loves the collective, takes the initiative to do good things for the collective and studies hard. In less than half a year, Zhang has completely changed. He scored more than 80 points in all subjects, was rated as an activist to learn from Lei Feng, and applied to join the League.
The teacher should be the intimate person of the students, always keeping dozens of students in the class in mind. I realized that to be a caring person in students' ideological study, we must first be caring people in their lives. It's getting cold, so I told the children to put on more clothes. It is cloudy. Tell the children to bring rain gear when they go to school. Sometimes when the weather changes, I find that the students' clothes are thin, so I bring them to put on. Some children's clothes were scratched, so I sewed them up stitch by stitch. The buttons fell off, so I nailed them on one by one. Some students are ill, so I put them in my bed and take good care of them, or I personally send them to the hospital for treatment and visit them at home.
In practice, I realize that it is an effective way to educate students in ideological and political education to bring feelings with feelings and to understand feelings with reason. I think: To have feelings, we should care for students wholeheartedly, make them moved, be willing to approach you, listen to you, and accept your strict requirements and education. Understand it with reason and treat it with care. This truth is not only about the big truth, but also about the specific and clear little truth directly related to students. It is to be gradually guided by petty truths and let them understand more revolutionary truths. Take Zhang as an example, starting with what harm fighting does to himself, let him understand that fighting is harmful to people, and then guide him to realize that revolutionary successors should unite friends and be polite. In this way, explain things in a simple way and follow the lead, and you can get the expected results.
? Teacher Liu Chunpu's experience was warmly echoed by the delegates and fully affirmed by the leaders of the Ministry of Education. After the meeting, representatives from all provinces conveyed and implemented the spirit of the meeting in different ways and publicized the experience of outstanding class teachers such as Liu Chunpu.
In 65438+February of that year, the editorial department of Educational Research edited and published the experience of excellent class teachers, and Liu Chunpu's Loyal to the Party's Education and Doing a Good Job as a Class Teacher ranked first. In the preface of the book, it is further summarized that "moving with emotion and understanding with reason" means "moving with emotion and understanding with reason; Guide it to act and persevere. "
? 1982 is jointly edited by five universities: Huazhong Normal University, Henan Normal University, Gansu Normal University, Hunan Normal University and Wuhan Normal University. In Pedagogy published by People's Education Publishing House, in the second section of Chapter 14, Contents and Methods of the Work of Class Teachers, emotion, reason and reason are clearly written.
Practical Handbook for Class Teachers and Research on Class Teachers in China (edited by Yun Xin and prefaced by Tao Xiping, published by Jilin Education Press, 1990) have also been written into the article "Move with emotion, understand with reason", which has become an important principle of ideological education.
Nowadays, when teachers and class teachers talk about students' ideological education and help underachievers, the most commonly used words are "moving people with emotion, understanding people with reason, guiding people with actions and perseverance". This fully shows that this kind of home-grown practical experience has been accepted by educators and teachers, and it has become an organic part of ideological education theory in pedagogy in China, and it is not from books, but a true summary of the experience of front-line teachers.
Minister He Dongchang of the Ministry of Education has a famous saying: An excellent head teacher is an education expert. The establishment of the principle of ideological education, which is sublimated from practical experience, widely accepted by educators and generally recognized by educational theorists, once again proves the correct conclusion of Minister He Dongchang. This also fully shows that the localization of educational theory is not only necessary, but also completely possible. The research of educational theory is not only a matter for educational experts, but also requires the participation of front-line principals and teachers. Any principal and teacher, without exception, can make use of the existing objective conditions and their own subjective efforts, give full play to their talents, sum up while doing, and be creative in writing works to cultivate talents with all-round and harmonious development.