1, which varies from person to person.
To educate students about setbacks, we must pay full attention to the differences between students, understand their behavior characteristics, and carry out targeted education according to different objects. For example, some students are excellent in all aspects, or have incomparable advantages in some aspects, and are often praised. Students who grow up smoothly are often less able to bear setbacks. Their own "light" makes them blind to their own shortcomings. Once someone points out their own shortcomings or deficiencies, it is often difficult to accept and cannot stand the blow of setbacks and hardships. Therefore, for students who show such "brilliance", they can deliberately set some setbacks, deliberately not praise, not sure about some advantages, so that they can be honed in setbacks and make up for their defects in psychological exercise. For another example, those students who don't study well often show cowardice and lack of self-confidence, and are often at a loss in the face of setbacks and failures. To improve these students' self-confidence, we should encourage and affirm them more and let them build up the courage to overcome difficulties and setbacks.
2, discipline infiltration, enhance frustration.
In classroom teaching, we should use the content of not being afraid of difficulties and overcoming setbacks, and adopt the methods of reasoning, intuitive guidance, setting obstacles and simulated training to inspire students to understand that everyone will encounter difficulties and setbacks in the process of becoming a talent, so that students can establish a correct sense of resisting setbacks. In this regard, moral and social studies in primary schools have unique conditions. Other disciplines can also be properly infiltrated. For example, in primary school Chinese class, "two iron balls hit the ground at the same time", teachers can use the content of the text to educate students: after Galileo questioned Aristotle's words, many people accused him of violating human truth and being bold. Galileo suffered great setbacks under heavy siege, but he pulled himself together and won through many experiments with his diligence and authority. Make students realize that the ideal is beautiful, but the realization of the ideal is long, tortuous and arduous, thus encouraging students to overcome difficulties bravely and not afraid of hardships and setbacks.
3. Follow scientific laws and set moderate goals.
The goal of frustration education is too high, and it is difficult for children to achieve it at one time, which will dampen their enthusiasm; If the goal is too low, children can achieve it without much effort, and it is easy for children to breed the idea that success is not difficult. As a result, when I encountered setbacks, I still couldn't cope. "Jumping up and picking fruit" is more suitable for children with low self-confidence. Too much and too difficult anti-frustration education is not only difficult to implement, but also has negative effects, and even makes students lose confidence, give up on themselves and go to the opposite side in the process of anti-frustration.
4. Carry out colorful activities and implement frustration education.
Pupils like to take part in extracurricular activities. According to the age and psychological characteristics of students, we can determine the practical anti-frustration education content and anti-frustration goals. Set the time, place, tutor and content, so that students can hone their will in various activities. For example, the annual military training activities in primary schools in our county are a good way.
1993, Reader published an article "the contest of summer camp". The main content of this article is:1In August 1992, 77 Japanese children came to Inner Mongolia and held a grassland adventure summer camp with 30 China children. China children's independence and anti-frustration ability in summer camp are obviously lower than those of Japanese children. When the summer camp was announced to be over, the Japanese captain made a summary. He deliberately loudly ask Japanese children:
"Is the grassland beautiful?"
77 Japanese children shouted in unison: "Beauty!"
Is the sky blue?
"Blue!"
"Are you coming?"
"Come on!"
These roars shocked everyone in China. When the Japanese child looked up, everyone's eyes shone with tears.
I still remember this description, and my feeling at that time was: this nation is terrible, and its education is even more terrible. The Japanese left China with a smile on their faces and a relaxed look, but the thinking left for China people was heavy. The publication of this article is like a rock-breaking, causing strong shocks in schools, families and society. A round of discussion on frustration education and thinking on the cultivation of teenagers' ability has been set off. This article was selected as one of the most influential 10 articles of Reader in the past 20 years. The writer is Sun Yunxiao, deputy director of China Youth Research Center. He published it in the style of reportage, but it was also questioned at that time. Some people say that some incidents are untrue, which lowers the quality of children in China. Let's not talk about the authenticity of this article for the time being, but there is no doubt that Japanese students are more resistant to setbacks than China students.
"A strong teenager makes a strong country." Appropriate frustration education and some training for children will help them know how to treat setbacks, failures and difficulties correctly, so that they have strong psychological endurance and strong will, which is of great significance to the growth of children and the development of the country.
There are many ways to educate students about setbacks. Here I briefly summarize the above four points.
It is only one aspect of frustration education to let children participate in some summer camps focusing on hardship education, or to participate in some adventure activities and experience in remote and poor mountain villages. Setbacks include not only suffering education, survival education, social education and psychological education, but also the cultivation of independence, courage, will and psychological endurance. Therefore, this work cannot be ignored.
In my opinion, the problem of anti-frustration is not only related to students, but also to us adults, such as unsatisfactory work, unsatisfactory children's education and employment, illness, the departure of relatives and so on. This is a hurdle that we must go through in life. How to face it depends on our mentality. If we go for a spring outing in the mountains or get lost picking vegetables, it will take several hours to find a companion. When we are tired, thirsty and hungry, we will find half a bottle of mineral water in our backpack. Facing the same bottle of water, different people will have different ideas. Some people will think: alas, what bad luck, there are only half a bottle left; Some people will think: great, there is still half a bottle of water. I hope everyone can live a good day with the mentality of "there is still half a bottle of water" and make our life full of sunshine.