First, the teaching plan is a teaching plan designed by teachers according to the requirements of the syllabus and the books produced by the Education Department, combined with the actual situation of students, taking class hours or topics as units. It is the basis for teachers to attend classes, and it is also a necessary measure to ensure teaching quality. As the saying goes, "Fiona Fang and Fiona Fang can't be made without rules". With the division standard of good lesson plans, teachers can play a certain role in regulating and guiding the compilation of good lesson plans. ?
On the issue of "what kind of lesson plan is a good lesson plan", educational theory and practice have basically formed some consensus. However, with the in-depth development of quality education, especially after the curriculum reform, these traditional teaching plan standards have increasingly shown their limitations in practice. Its problems are as follows:
First, copy the lesson preparation process? In order to cope with the school inspection, inefficient or ineffective lesson preparation is made, which makes the lesson plans become "quick homework, timely homework". Some simply copy the reference lesson plans, while others copy the lesson plans of special-grade teachers and excellent teachers, lacking their own unique insights and souls, and the lesson plans become copies of teaching reference books. ?
Second, there is a phenomenon of "four weights and four lightness" in the content of preparing lessons? Teaching objectives emphasize knowledge over ability and moral education; In teaching design, teachers pay more attention to teaching than learning, and every teaching strategy of teachers thinks too much about how to teach and ignores how students learn; Too much attention is paid to the design of teaching process centered on teachers themselves, while students' organization of teaching process is neglected. In teaching content, homework, testing, etc. , pay attention to unity, light differences, light stratification. In the teaching arrangement, emphasis is placed on teaching and light training. ?
So, what kind of teaching plan is a good one? ? First, the teaching objectives? It is necessary to embody the "three-dimensional teaching goal", that is, "palm?" Mastering knowledge, developing ability and cultivating morality, that is, paying equal attention to cognitive factors and emotional factors. The basic idea of the new curriculum proposes to design the curriculum objectives from three aspects: knowledge and ability, process and method, emotion, attitude and values.
This requires teachers not only to attach importance to imparting knowledge and cultivating ability, but also to firmly establish a "process view", that is, to establish a new view of learning quality and a new view of teaching quality, and to carefully prepare learning activities that can highlight students' experiential characteristics, such as inquiry learning. Pay attention to the guidance of students' learning methods and lay a solid foundation for students' lifelong learning.
Moreover, teachers are required to pay more attention to students' mental state and take emotional attitude and values as one of the "three dimensions", that is, to establish the concept of "person" at the level of educational practice, which reflects a major change in the value orientation of basic education in China: from imparting knowledge to attaching importance to people, from mastering skills and technology to caring about people's spirit and psychology. These three goals interact with each other, thus promoting the harmonious and all-round development of students.
Therefore, when preparing lessons, teachers must carefully prepare curriculum resources, not only knowledge points, but also methods and processes, emotional attitudes and values hidden behind knowledge. ?
Second, write the New Curriculum Standard. The new curriculum standard is different from the previous syllabus. From theory to structure, it gives us a refreshing feeling. It no longer includes teaching emphases, difficulties and class arrangement, but only points out principled teaching and evaluation opinions.
It not only points out the requirements of three-dimensional teaching objectives of process and method, emotional attitude, quality and values, but also puts forward many novel and practical suggestions for students' academic evaluation and teachers' use of teaching materials. For example, the new Chinese curriculum standard for senior high school puts forward the suggestions of "teaching about compulsory courses" and "teaching about five series of elective courses". ?
Third, prepare students? The new curriculum emphasizes that "teaching" serves "learning" and puts students at the starting point and core position of teaching. Teachers should take students' psychological development as the main line, design teaching ideas with students' vision, predict students' possible thinking activities and design corresponding countermeasures.
It is necessary to study students' needs, understand their current level and emotional state, accurately identify their "current development level" and guide them to enter the "zone of recent development" smoothly; According to students' personality characteristics and cognitive level, different levels of teaching objectives are determined: the basic objectives should be oriented to all, and the high-level teaching objectives should take care of students with spare capacity.
Therefore, a good teaching plan should reflect pertinence, which is characterized by the hierarchical design of learning objectives, the gradient design of questions and the selectivity of exercise design. Only by understanding the different characteristics of students and designing teaching plans in a targeted way can we give full play to each student's strengths, make teaching oriented to all, develop students in an all-round way and improve teaching quality. ?
Fourth, prepare teaching methods? In essence, the teaching process is not a simple addition of teachers' teaching and students' learning, but a process of mutual teaching and learning and active interaction between teachers and students. Therefore, when studying teaching methods, teachers should change their ideas, pay more attention to how to communicate with students, how to transition from monologue to dialogue, and how to listen and share, so as to realize the "six liberation" proposed by Ye Shengtao long ago. Under the current situation, it is particularly necessary to implement the "Six Emancipations" and give students basic freedom of study:
1. Emancipate his mind and let him think;
2. Liberate his hands and make him capable;
3. Liberate his eyes so that he can see;
4. Liberate his mouth so that he can speak;
5. Liberate his space and let them acquire more natural and social knowledge;
6. Free his time, don't fill his homework schedule, give him some space to digest what he has learned and learn something he is eager to learn. In short, it is trying to give students time and opportunities. Implement autonomous learning, cooperative learning and inquiry learning.