With the development of economy and social progress, with the deepening of education reform, primary and secondary school students have more and more activities and contact with more and more things. People pay more and more attention to their own safety. In daily life, people engage in various activities, such as traveling, partying, traveling and taking part in physical exercise. , may encounter all kinds of unsafe factors, teenagers' ability to cope with all kinds of abnormal situations is extremely limited. At present, there are still some problems that need to be solved urgently in social security, and there are still illegal and criminal phenomena in society. Primary and secondary school students are also infringed or harassed by lawless elements from time to time, causing different degrees of physical and mental harm to them. In addition, natural disasters (such as earthquakes, floods, storms, etc.) occur. ) and man-made disasters such as fires and major traffic accidents. ) will also pose a threat to the healthy growth of primary and secondary school students.
Therefore, it is very necessary to carry out self-care and self-help safety education for primary and secondary school students. Experts believe that through education and prevention, 80% of primary and secondary school students' accidental injuries can be avoided. Safety education is life education, public education and century education. To protect primary and secondary school students, it is not enough to rely solely on society, schools and parents. What is more important is to guide them to face the complicated modern society, establish the concept of self-care and self-help, form their awareness of self-care and self-help, master their knowledge of self-care and self-help, exercise their ability of self-care and self-help, and enable them to carry out self-care and self-help decisively and fairly, and bravely deal with various abnormal situations or dangers.
First, the safety on the way to school.
1. Common sense of walking safety
Every student must keep in mind the following common sense of walking safety:
When the command light signal is green, pedestrians are allowed to pass; When the yellow light is on, pedestrians are not allowed to pass, but pedestrians who have entered the sidewalk can continue to pass; When the red light is on, pedestrians are not allowed to pass; When the yellow light flashes, pedestrians must pass under the principle of ensuring safety.
When the crosswalk signal light is green, pedestrians are allowed to pass through the crosswalk; When the green light flashes, pedestrians are not allowed to enter the crosswalk, and those who have entered the crosswalk can continue to pass; When the red light is on, pedestrians are not allowed to enter the crosswalk.
The regulations that pedestrians must abide by pedestrians must walk on the sidewalk, and if there is no sidewalk, walk on the right; Crossing the road requires a crosswalk; When crossing a crosswalk controlled by traffic signals, you must abide by the provisions of the signals; When passing the sidewalk without traffic signal control, look around, pay attention to the traffic, and don't chase or run; If there is no crosswalk, you must go straight through, and vehicles are not allowed to cross suddenly when approaching; Anyone who takes the overpass or underground passage must take the overpass or underground passage; It is not allowed to climb guardrails and fences along the road or in the middle of the road. It is not allowed to push, chase, forcibly stop or hit cars with parabolic objects on the road.
What are the most dangerous situations when walking?
(1) It's dangerous to cross the road.
(2) Walking sideways in groups of three or five on non-sidewalks is the most prone to traffic accidents.
(3) In the morning and after the rush hour, there are fewer cars on the road, because there are fewer cars and fewer people on the road. Paralysis plus paralysis equals danger.
(4) Walk with one heart and two minds, read while walking, or think while walking, or chat while walking, and play while walking ... In this way, the car may not hit you, but you will hit the car yourself, so it is also very dangerous.
Step 2 ride safely
(1)/kloc-Children under 0/2 are not allowed to ride bicycles on the road. This is stipulated by traffic laws.
(2) Riding without an umbrella.
(3) Don't get rid of riding a bike.
(4) Don't take people by bike.
(5) Don't take the "patient" car.
(6) Don't ride too fast.
(7) Do not grab the road with motor vehicles.
(8) Don't ride in parallel.
Last but not least, don't ride a bike in bad weather, such as thunderstorm, typhoon, snow or frozen roads.
Step 3 ride safely
(1) Check which bus it is before getting on the bus, because buses often stop at the same platform. If you get on the bus in a hurry, you can easily get on the wrong bus.
(2) Stop the car and then get off. When you get on the bus, put your schoolbag on your chest to avoid it being squeezed out or run over by the door.
(3) After getting on the bus, don't crowd at the door, go inside, stand firm when you see an empty place, grab the handrail, and don't stick your head, hands and body out of the window, otherwise injury accidents will easily occur.
(4) Respect the old and love the young, be polite to others, and take the initiative to give up your seat when you see the old, the weak, the sick and the pregnant.
(5) Don't read books when riding a bike, otherwise it will damage your eyes.
Second, Internet security education is weak, and network content needs to be graded.
In recent years, young netizens in China have developed very rapidly. As of June 2002, the number of netizens under the age of 24 in China has reached 65,438+07.35 million, and the Internet has become an important platform for teenagers to learn knowledge, exchange ideas and entertain.
The Internet is like a double-edged sword, which enhances the communication and exchange between teenagers and the outside world, but some of the bad contents do great harm to teenagers. This is manifested in the following aspects: many teenagers browse unhealthy content such as pornography and violence online and indulge in vulgar online chat. The characteristics of "no time difference and zero distance" on the Internet make bad content spread around the world at an unprecedented speed. Bad online content may even cause physical harm to teenagers. "Internet addiction" is a medical term that only appeared in recent years. Patients rely too much on the internet, even like drinking and smoking, and will have symptoms such as listlessness and physical discomfort after getting off the internet.
It is one of the follow-up research topics of China Modern Distance Education Standardization Committee to formulate content grading standards suitable for China's national conditions. In the process of participating in this research, in March 2002, the author conducted a questionnaire survey on 60 students and 40 teachers aged 65,438+08 ~ 24 in Shanghai, and found some problems that people neglected in the past.
Network security education is quite weak.
There are differences in time and space between teachers and students surfing the Internet. Students mainly surf the Internet at home and Internet cafes, while teachers mainly surf the Internet at home and school. None of the interviewed teachers really surf the Internet in the Internet cafe. Surfing the Internet in Internet cafes takes up a large part of students' time. Due to the lack of supervision by teachers and parents, the management of internet cafes is chaotic, which will inevitably make students easy to access bad network content.
There are differences between teachers and students in their cognition and tendentiousness of bad content on the Internet. Many students have inadvertently browsed the bad content. Comparatively speaking, most teachers have only heard of it, and nearly half of them don't know about it. When I made a questionnaire survey of teachers, many teachers said they didn't understand at all, and students' cognition of bad content on the Internet was much higher than that of teachers.
In the questionnaire, the author lists the laws, organizations, activities or events related to online content classification and filtering in China, mainly to understand the understanding of teachers and students. It was a pity that most students and teachers knew nothing about it. At the same time, most teenagers are indifferent to browsing pornographic websites. It shows that teenagers generally lack awareness of network security at present, and our network security education for teenagers is still quite weak. From this point of view, it is not only important but also necessary to classify and filter the bad content on the network.
Content hierarchical filtering is imperative.
The practice of foreign countries, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan proves that online content classification and filtering is a systematic project, and it cannot rely solely on technology. More important are policies, regulations and social education. Perfect policies and regulations, extensive social education and easy-to-use filtering products are the perfect combination to purify the network environment.
The content supervision of traditional media can no longer meet the requirements of Internet development. Adopting content grading is a global development trend. Whether it is policies and regulations, social education or filtering technology, their common foundation is grading standards, but unfortunately, China has not established its own content grading standards, which has caused a series of problems: for example, many teachers and parents have unclear definitions of "pornography" and "sex science", which makes it difficult to guide teenagers correctly; For another example, many lawless elements use the "gray zone" of the law to "edge the ball", and law enforcement departments will inevitably lead to many unnecessary disputes based on their own subjective judgments; For another example, domestic filter products use foreign standards or are self-developed, which makes it difficult to promote them on a large scale, leading to "praise without selling" filter products. Just as there is industrial pollution in industrial society, there is "information pollution" in information society. On the Internet, "junk information" and "information smog" can be seen everywhere. Harmful information, outdated information and "gray information" are full of our vision, and we say "no" to the bad content on the Internet. There has been a great deal of research and practice abroad. Taiwan Province Province of China took the lead in completing the localization of foreign network content grading standards, while Chinese mainland is still in its infancy. China, with a population of 65.438+0.2 billion, should play its due role in this invisible global defense war. It is imperative to establish China's own grading standards for network content to conform to the trend of the times!
1. Healthy psychology is closely related to one's own safety.
Such a tragedy happened in Beijing. A student with excellent academic performance, a girl who is always the first in the class from grade one to grade six in primary school, failed in the math exam in the first year of high school, and took a hard time and embarked on a blind alley. This tragedy warns us that we must pay attention to children's mental health. Nowadays, most children are only children, and parents generally attach great importance to their children's physical health and often ignore their mental health. The student in the above tragedy, her body is healthy, but she is mentally ill, afraid of facing setbacks, and her psychological endurance is poor, which leads to her pessimism and despair.
A mentally healthy child should be mixed, and can be humble, optimistic, enthusiastic and uplifting.
The spirit of health lies in a healthy body. Some students often feel uncomfortable in the examination room (such as dizziness, stomachache, trembling limbs, etc.). ), some because of poor health, some because of nervousness during exams. A healthy mind is the spiritual pillar of a healthy body. As the saying goes, "Laugh, you are ten years older", which is the truth.
Good living habits, orderly life and stable environment are the prerequisites to ensure mental health. It is necessary to properly arrange study time and weight, and at the same time, properly arrange entertainment and sports activities, so that children's brains and nervous systems can be relaxed, alternated and updated, thus ensuring children's physical and mental development.
Psychology and health are closely related. We need a healthy body and mind. It requires us to live a moderate and orderly life.
2. How to improve psychological quality
(1) Establish a correct fear of life, keep an open mind at all times, improve the tolerance of psychological conflicts and setbacks, and love life and learning.
(2) Fully understand yourself, correctly evaluate yourself, and be self-aware, without inferiority or conceit.
(3) Make friends actively, be tolerant of others, be good at exchanging thoughts and feelings with others, help each other and learn from each other.
(4) Actively cultivate your hobbies, such as piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, participate in beneficial recreational activities and actively participate in various sports activities.
(5) Read more excellent literary and artistic works, such as How Steel was Tempered and Red Rock. Cultivate sentiment and set up lofty ideals.
(6) Learn to think, love to use your head, learn to comprehensively analyze complex problems, and be psychologically prepared for setbacks.
(7) Parents don't spoil their children, they don't indulge their children excessively since childhood, and they don't make their children develop the bad habit of being self-centered and having a bad temper.
(8) Let children participate in labor, even if they are injured in labor, don't stop. Let children learn lessons and receive hard training.
(9) To educate children to respect others, we must first respect elders and teachers, educate children to know how to respect the fruits of others' labor, and then ask children to care for property and cultivate the quality of diligence and thrift.