Chapter 1: Summary of the Work of Professional Teaching and Research Section In the past 20xx years, under the correct leadership of the Party Committee and the Director in charge of the Bureau and the guidance of the teaching and research section at the higher level, we have conscientiously implemented the Basic Requirements for Education and Teaching in Primary and Secondary Schools in Guiyang, focusing on "curriculum reform", "quality", "innovation" and "promotion", highlighting the systematicness, pertinence, effectiveness, planning, emphasis and creativity of teaching and research work. A lot of concrete work has been carried out in promoting school-based teaching research, promoting teachers' growth and strengthening teaching quality monitoring, and some achievements have been made, and the annual work target has been successfully completed. The summary is as follows:
I. Overall deployment and planning:
Focusing on the goal of promoting school-based teaching and research activities, solidly promoting quality education, and gradually improving the quality of primary education and teaching, the primary school teaching and research section has successively held the "Working Conference of Teaching and Research Staff in the Central School of the City in the Spring Term of 20xx" and the "Working Conference of Full-time (Part-time) Teaching and Research Staff in the Autumn Term of 20xx", and comprehensively deployed the primary education and teaching work in qingzhen city in 20xx.
Second, the work carried out:
(a) to strengthen the professional learning and training of discipline teaching and research personnel.
In the process of solidly and effectively promoting school teaching and research work, promoting teachers' professional growth and improving school teaching quality, teaching researchers shoulder unshirkable responsibilities. Teaching researchers should not only have a sense of responsibility and mission, but also have rich teaching and research theories in order to grasp the pulse of teaching reform more accurately. Only in this way can we meet the needs of educational development under the new situation. To meet this requirement, we must strengthen our own construction.
First, take the way of combining self-study with centralized communication, carefully organize and study the Basic Requirements of Primary and Secondary Education and Teaching in Guiyang, and at the same time require all teaching and research staff to learn the new curriculum standards, how to evaluate classes and study collective lesson preparation methods under the new curriculum background, and communicate with each other regularly.
The second is to carry out research feedback exchange activities. After in-depth school, classroom research and lectures, teaching researchers should organize teachers' feedback exchange meetings. When communicating, it is required to put forward good experiences and methods found in research and lectures. Put forward and analyze the problems found, and put forward opinions or suggestions to solve the problems on this basis. Better play the leading role of teaching researchers in subject teaching.
The third is to organize training and study in different places. Organize teachers and researchers to lead backbone teachers to Nanjing, Xiamen, Harbin, Nanchang, Chongqing and other places to observe and study, learn advanced teaching concepts, and greatly improve their own quality. Actively participate in the discipline teaching and research activities of Guiyang Institute of Education to improve the professional level and leadership ability of teaching and research personnel; Teachers from all over the city were organized to participate in discipline teaching and research activities and various training activities in Guiyang, and their teaching ability and quality were improved.
(2) Send teachers to the countryside to promote primary school teachers to improve classroom teaching.
In order to promote the development of school-based teaching and research activities and quality education, the teaching and research section has carried out various forms of sending classes to the countryside. The activity was carried out in the form of "heterogeneous classroom in the same class", and more than 40 thematic discussions and demonstration classes were given to teachers in Bianshan Primary School, Hongfeng Sixth Primary School, Liu Chang Primary School, Baihuahu Primary School and Woli Primary School. There will be lectures and interactive discussions after class. In order to do this work well and really motivate and help the teachers in class, our room has done several things: First, we held a meeting of teachers in the countryside and put forward specific working ideas and clear requirements:
(1) Classroom teaching should embody new ideas and methods and highlight solid and effective features.
(2) To conduct in-depth research on classroom teaching, communicate with teachers more pertinently, and improve the quality.
(3) To sum up and reflect in time, we should not only regard activities as opportunities to show ourselves, but also improve ourselves through activities. Secondly, the teaching and research section will inform the schools of the activity arrangement in time, so that teachers can understand the content and form of the activity and make relevant preparations. Practice has proved that this method has a good effect on both teachers in class and teachers in class.
(3) Go deep into the classroom, play a guiding role and promote school-based teaching and research.
Teaching and research work is based on the school and also for the school. Only by fully mobilizing the enthusiasm of schools and teachers can school-based teaching and research be truly implemented in school work. At the same time, it also requires that the focus of teaching and research staff must move down. The position of teaching and research staff is in the front line, in the classroom.
Over the past year, we have taken teaching and research work as the starting point, actively carried out school-based supervision activities, guided schools to carry out school-based teaching and research activities, improved the effectiveness and effectiveness of classroom education and teaching, and guided schools to standardize all kinds of education and teaching management. While paying attention to each school, we should focus on weak schools, work out the arrangement table for each teaching and research staff to be responsible for teaching and research, and clarify their respective work priorities and responsibilities. In order to help teachers' professional growth, we should push the door to attend classes, discuss and communicate with teachers and give feedback and guidance. The average number of lectures given by each researcher in the teaching and research section reaches 60 times/year.
This practice, first, is conducive to teaching and research personnel to go deep into the classroom and carry out "deep water homework"
Second, it is conducive to understanding the needs of schools and teachers and carrying out targeted work.
Third, it is conducive to promoting the development of weak schools and shortening the distance between schools and teachers.
(4) Strengthen the learning and training of teachers.
Organize 60 primary school teachers in our city to participate in textbook training in Guiyang Institute of Education; Organize the training of the first and third grade Chinese textbooks and the first and second grade mathematics textbooks in Qingzhen No.2 Middle School; President Yang of Nanming District Teacher Resource Center of Guiyang City and President Cao Jing of Guiyang Primary School were invited to conduct special training on "School-based Teaching and Research" for the principals and backbone teachers of primary schools in the city.
(five) to carry out scientific research projects to improve the level of teaching and scientific research.
Organize schools to actively participate in Guiyang municipal and national project declaration, do a good job in project research, improve teachers' scientific research ability, and improve the scientific and technological content of school education and teaching. Taking subject research as the carrier, strengthen the scientific research consciousness of the school, make the conventional teaching scientific research, normalize the subject research, and further promote the effective implementation of school-based teaching and research activities. In 20xx, six projects in Guiyang were successfully approved. Hongfeng's four small comprehensive practical activities have also been approved as national projects. In order to do a good job in research, on September 29th, we specially invited experts from Guiyang Institute of Education, such as Longlin, to personally guide the research, and conducted a special training on 150 key teachers in the academic hall of Qingzhen No.1 Middle School. The leaders of each research group also personally attended the special training of the project in Guiyang Institute of Education. Hongfeng No.4 Primary School, Hongfeng No.5 Primary School and Zhan Jie Primary School held project opening meetings respectively. The teaching and research section actively participated in the meeting, went deep into each project school to understand the development of the project work, and mastered detailed data and information. At the same time, we also analyzed the difficulties and problems encountered in the experiment with school leaders and teachers, and put forward work opinions and suggestions.
(six) to carry out special discussion activities.
Primary school is a crucial period to cultivate students' good habits, but many students' bad study habits, especially irregular reading and writing posture, were discovered by the teaching and research staff in our room when they visited the school and carried out teaching and research activities. In order to make the teaching and research activities more targeted and effective, this semester, we specially organized Chinese teachers in the first grade of primary schools in the city to carry out a seminar with the theme of "cultivating students' good study habits", aiming at standardizing students' reading and writing posture and cultivating children's good study habits through the best period of the first grade. Through various effective ways to help primary school students form good habits, from the details, from now on, to carry out solid, effective and persistent education on the formation of good habits. This work has been specially supervised in the following school supervision, investigation and inspection to resolutely put an end to students' bad habits.
(7) Seriously carry out teaching quality monitoring to improve the core competitiveness of the school.
In order to cooperate with Guiyang's evaluation of primary school students' academic performance, the teaching and research section organizes the city's primary schools to monitor the final exams every semester, especially in the spring semester. In the teaching quality monitoring, we mainly implement several tasks:
First, the proposition is deducted according to the standard, focusing on students' basic knowledge and ability and certain development ability.
Second, the organization of examination and marking is scientific and rigorous. The examination paper work of each exam is organized by the teaching and research section. The exchange of invigilators and centralized marking of each exam ensure the fairness and justice of all links.
Third, the statistical analysis is scientific and rigorous. According to the indicators issued by the Education Bureau, the teaching and research section makes statistical analysis of the results of each class, and there is no human error. Through the strict monitoring of teaching quality, the teaching and research section not only knows the teaching effect of each teacher in time, but also promotes the competition between schools and teachers, forming a good atmosphere for the city to pay attention to the quality of education and teaching. It also made an objective evaluation of the education and teaching quality of schools and teachers in our city, which provided a basis for the education and teaching decision-making and the evaluation of schools and teachers in our city.
(eight) organize various forms of appraisal activities to stimulate the enthusiasm of teachers and students to participate in the competition.
Organize the selection of high-quality courses in moral and class activities and recommend award-winning teachers to participate in the competition in Guiyang; Organized primary school music, physical education and beauty teachers to participate in Guiyang Professional Basic Skills Competition, and won 5 first prizes, 5 second prizes and 5 third prizes in 12; Organize primary school teachers' teaching skills competition and recommend the winners to Guiyang to participate in the competition and achieve good results; Organize teachers to participate in the evaluation of the fifth primary school English excellent course in Guiyang; Organize the city's primary and secondary school students to participate in the 20xx National Science and Technology Innovation Competition, and win the first prize 1 name, 5 second prizes and 6 third prizes; Biological Alliance, to carry out 20xx scientific and technological activity month, and report relevant data to Guiyang Association for Science and Technology. In May, assist the Municipal Civilization Office, the Municipal Development and Reform Bureau and the Municipal Association for Science and Technology to carry out the 20xx Science and Technology Activity Week.
Arrange all kinds of primary schools at all levels in the city to carry out scientific experiment operation skills competition, 1 school won the first prize, and 4 schools won the third prize; Organized to participate in the 22nd "Spring Bud Award" student composition contest in Guiyang, and won the first prize 1 name, 2 second prizes, xx third prizes and 10 finalists; Organized to participate in the selection of the 7th Excellent Educational Scientific Research Achievements and Educational Scientific Research Papers in Guiyang, and won 2 second prizes and 3 rd prizes 15. Practice has proved that organizing and participating in various teaching and subject competitions not only enriches teaching and students' extracurricular life, but also improves students' comprehensive knowledge literacy and teachers' work enthusiasm. Competition activities have obvious guiding and promoting functions.
(9) Early childhood education
1. Organize training activities: parents' school training, teachers' soft plastic training, bricklayer's training, art teachers' training in universities, primary and secondary schools, rural health care doctors' training, and full-time rotation training.
2. Organize teachers to participate in Guiyang Quality Class Exhibition Month, Spring Bud Cup Live Writing Competition, National Excellent Kindergarten Education Activity Selection, Second National Excellent Kindergarten Education Essay Appraisal and other activities.
3. Undertake the national project "Practical research on promoting children's independent reading ability through diversified reading education" and conduct regular discussions in the experimental park.
4, the formation of district training groups, and carry out training activities by district.
5. Edit the school-based textbook of qingzhen city kindergarten integrity.
6. Participate in the re-evaluation of the first-class parks in Guiyang.
Third, there are problems.
While summing up our work experience, we also encounter some problems: the weakness of professional leadership restricts the effectiveness of school-based teaching and research; It is difficult to make obvious progress and breakthrough in some work such as subject research; Insufficient teaching and research staff and too many part-time jobs distract the work energy of teaching and research staff; Although there are many difficulties and problems, we believe that there are always more ways than difficulties. As long as we make unremitting efforts, we will certainly make new achievements on the existing basis.
Four. Future work plan
(a) to further strengthen the construction of teaching and research staff, focus on improving the quality of teaching and research staff, and improve the guidance and leading role of teaching and research staff in discipline teaching.
(2) While continuing to do regular teaching and research work, strengthen school-based teaching and research work, especially supervise the organization and leadership of the school guidance office and teaching and research group, which truly reflects the effectiveness of school-based teaching and research.
(3) Strengthening management and implementing research. Grasp the progress of projects in all schools in the city, improve school leaders' understanding of the importance of project research, organize professionals to help schools do a good job in project research, and seriously summarize and analyze the problems arising in the research process. Prepare the summary and conclusion of the topic.
(4) The teaching and research staff shall, in accordance with the requirements of the Notice of Guiyang Institute of Education on Implementing the Basic Requirements of Primary and Secondary Education and Teaching in Guiyang, do a good job in lectures, off-campus supervision, special lectures, subject teaching and research, and subject research.
(5) Do a good job in casing teaching and research.
Chapter 2: Summary of the work of professional teaching and research section. The work of this semester is coming to an end. During this year, with the correct leadership of the school leaders and the close cooperation of my colleagues, I actively cooperated with the school to carry out various tasks according to the overall planning and the work deployment of the teaching department. At present, it is drawing to a close, and now I summarize the situation of the year as follows.
At present, the main work of the teaching department is to vigorously carry out school-based training and research in accordance with the spirit of the document of the District Education Bureau. I mainly report this work from the following four aspects.
First, leaders attach importance to creating an atmosphere.
Since the development of school-based research, the leaders of our school have always put it in the top priority of school work. President Yan has held many school committees to discuss the subject of school-based research, and often preaches the importance and necessity of school-based research at school regular meetings. Doing a good job in scientific research can not only improve the comprehensive quality of teachers, but also improve the quality of education and teaching. The leader's speech touched the hearts of teachers and paid more attention to them ideologically. Our teaching department has carefully organized and arranged all activities in an orderly and step-by-step manner, and vigorously carried out school-based research and active learning, which has become an atmosphere in our school.
Second, the mechanism guarantees and promotes learning.
For school-based research, our school has formulated a series of rules and regulations. The guidance office makes decisions and plans, and the teaching department focuses on implementation. First of all, our teaching department has come up with the overall plan of school-based research this year, publicizing it, collecting opinions and revising it. Under the framework of the grand plan, teachers make personal professional development plans according to their own reality and submit them for the record. Usually, whether you participate in centralized training activities or self-study activities, you are required to take notes to prevent irregular inspections. In terms of process management, according to the spirit of superiors and the "Baiyun Road Model", our school has formulated the "Detailed Rules for the Evaluation of School-based Research in Zi Ling Central Primary School". For the evaluation and management of the results, our school has also formulated the Evaluation Form for School-based Research in Primary and Secondary Schools and the Reward and Punishment Scheme for School-based Research in Primary and Secondary Schools. With the guarantee of these systems, teachers in our school devote themselves to scientific research activities with great enthusiasm, ensuring a certain quality.
Third, activities lead and promote development.
In this training activity, we mainly do the following work:
1, actively reflect on the summer online training activities of national distance education resources.
Most of the teachers in our school participated in the online education and training this summer. Everyone studied hard, took notes carefully, and completed a lot of online work with good quality and quantity. At the beginning of this year, the leaders checked the notes and the school statistics. Every teacher in our school is qualified, especially Yan He. Their homework got a perfect score of 65,438+000, which is regarded as a model of our school. In September, for this training, the school organized teachers to divide into teaching and research groups or focus on discussing the harvest, writing their own experiences, combining their own work practice, talking about plans, and asking everyone to apply the good methods they have learned to actual teaching work.
2. The cultivation of students' educational ability.
Teaching and educating people, being a teacher is a teacher's criterion. Teachers' teaching is not only to impart cultural knowledge to students, but also to shape people's souls. Either way, teachers are required to have profound knowledge and noble ethics in addition to rich, appropriate and effective educational methods and skills. Therefore, this year 10, a special lecture was held, the theme of which was how to effectively educate students' class teacher training. After three lectures, the teachers responded well. Many young teachers say that they have gained a lot and benefited a lot.
3. Computer and information technology training.
Education Bureau implements campus network plan and builds information-based learning platform. If you don't understand computers, all this will only become empty talk. Since 1 1 month, our school has been conducting information technology training with the theme of computer application. In view of the reality of our school, it is a big problem that aging will not or will not become proficient in the mainstream. Therefore, our teaching department, under the instruction of President Yan, focuses on it, regularly assigns people and places, and hires Director Li to be responsible for training. Director Li carefully prepared lessons and trained teachers on several topics, including searching resources online, compiling teaching plans, making courseware, multimedia teaching, conducting online teaching and research, and creating personal blogs. After nearly a month's study, the teachers have made great progress.
4. Carry out regular teaching and research activities.
In addition to continuing to attend lectures and evaluate classes, the Chinese and Mathematics Teaching and Research Group also actively conducts online teaching and research twice a month according to the requirements of superiors, with central topics, responses from participating teachers and summaries from team leaders. Especially in the teaching exhibition month of June 5438+ 10, all in-service teachers participated in the exhibition. Teachers prepare lessons carefully, prepare lessons carefully, and attend classes in a down-to-earth manner. Everyone showed their due level and made some achievements.
In a word, all kinds of training activities have stimulated learning enthusiasm, exercised operational ability and promoted teachers' professional development.
Fourth, full participation and common progress.
This school-based training activity, from the principal to the ordinary teachers, everyone has devoted themselves to learning with great enthusiasm, which truly embodies that all the people are soldiers and no one can be left behind. Secretary Li and Teacher Wu of our school are also old revolutions. They don't usually touch computers. The best they can do is look at the weather forecast and browse the news. However, after this training, they learned to type, edit simply, and skillfully use the online resources of distance education, and made great progress. Miss Li and Miss Shu are not very skilled in computers, but they study and practice hard every day. Now they can not only write on typewriters, but also create personal blogs, write diaries and publish them. Mr. Chen and Mr. Yang used to have good computer skills. After this training, their skills have reached a new level. Making PPT courseware is fast and quality, and they can even do animation, which is really enviable. With the development of various activities, teachers learn from each other, learn from each other's strengths and promote common progress.
In addition, I also take part in teacher training and personnel work in our school, which is also complicated and needs a lot of time and energy to complete. My main work in this issue is:
1, inspection, statistics, collection and reporting of online training data of national distance education teachers in summer compulsory education stage.
2. Cooperate with the school accountant to do a good job in salary adjustment, form filling and reporting for teachers.
3. Cooperate with the District Education Bureau to do a good job in the establishment of learning schools, the evaluation of teachers' school-based research, the identification of teachers' "three types" energy levels and the evaluation of learning teachers, and at the same time do a good job in collecting relevant data and reporting statistics.
4. Continue to complete the unfinished teacher post evaluation and post assessment.
Although I have done well during this period, there are still omissions and unsatisfactory places. For example, it is not enough to lead teachers to create their own scientific research results and promote them. "Everything serves teaching" is the working aim of the teaching department, and teaching and scientific research activities must unconditionally serve the central work of the school. This semester is very busy, and all kinds of activities are full. Therefore, teachers should adjust their plans in time and take a more relaxed form to participate in the research. Here, I hope to get your understanding and support. There are no waves in the water, but they are ripples. There is no fire in the stone. If it hits, it will glow. The spirit of thinking is the most beautiful flower on earth. I believe that we can make continuous progress in sincere interaction and jointly create a new situation in teaching and scientific research in our school.
Chapter III: Summary of the work of professional teaching and research section. Time flies in the rush, and 20xx years are fleeting. This is a challenging year, but also a happy and fulfilling year. I am very busy and happy. Now I will summarize my work for one year as follows:
First, strengthen faith and improve ideological awareness.
As a party member and a teacher, I have always loved my education. I will take an active part in all kinds of political studies and democratic life at school. I will work hard, study hard, constantly hone my ability at work, and constantly hone my work level at work. As the director of the teaching department, I always take teachers as the center and serve the development of teachers wholeheartedly: when arranging work, I try my best to explain the requirements to teachers in a consulting tone; Do a good job as a bridge between teachers and teaching researchers to provide a strong guarantee for teachers' professional promotion; Teachers encounter difficulties in their work, and I always try my best to help them.
Second, strengthen scientific research and create a scientific research atmosphere.
1, reading activities.
Organize teachers to seriously study education and teaching theories and strengthen the accumulation of teachers' theories. The school issued the "Teaching Suggestions for Primary and Secondary Schools in Zhejiang Province". After the subject orientation, teachers divide the whole school into three camps: Chinese, Mathematics and Comprehensive, and organize relevant teachers to study theoretical knowledge in the teachers' meeting room every month, so as to improve the theoretical learning level of teachers in each class through a series of forms such as discussion and self-study. The school subscribes to teaching publications for each teacher free of charge, so that teachers can learn, practice, reflect, summarize, popularize and apply educational and scientific research knowledge in the whole teaching process in combination with their own teaching practice. In addition to guiding teachers to read professional books, teachers are also encouraged to read widely and organize teachers to participate in the essay competition of the Franco-Prussian Cup.
2. Teaching and research.
Establish the consciousness of "researching schools and promoting teaching through scientific research", closely combine educational scientific research with teaching practice, guide teachers to pay attention to, discover and reflect on practical problems in education and teaching, and choose research topics from them. The topic selection should follow the principle of "small" and "practical", and problems should be found in the course teaching, education and teaching management, and the practice of current teaching reform. In 20xx, more than 80% teachers in the whole school have their own projects, among which, Zhu, Xu Yueyan and four teachers' projects were established in Xiaoshan District. Encourage teachers to collect scientific research information through multiple channels and in all directions, and write down teaching essays. I will sort out the channels and hot spots of reviewing papers in time, guide teachers to revise papers and help teachers carry out targeted scientific research.
3. Classroom teaching and research.
Our school adopts the way of going out and coming in to build a number of classroom display platforms for teachers. Teachers Shi Yaping and Xu Qinmao joined the "Money Studio" and accepted the normalization guidance of special teachers. On March 3rd, Mr. You Zefeng of our school gave a lecture on "Entering a New Era" to the observation class in the analysis of problems and difficulties in the fourth grade of District Germany. In April, Wang Yanling participated in the classroom demonstration of Chinese teaching for young teachers in Xiaoshan District on behalf of our school. All the Chinese teachers in our school work with her. They discussed the lesson plan before class and revised it carefully after class, which greatly improved the teachers' understanding of class and evaluation. On May 19, our school also held a "poetic landscape" community Chinese teaching and research activity with the theme of "seeking Chinese truth and pursuing teaching quality", and invited Mr. Yu Yongjun, a Chinese teaching and research researcher, to comment on the scene and give a lecture on "Let's learn".
In the second half of the year, in view of the confusion of many head teachers about how to effectively carry out theme classes and team classes, our school held a class and team activity seminar with the theme of "love and education" in Class 6 (1), which was well received by all the teachers. At school, we also organized young teachers to carry out teaching and research activities in Chinese and mathematics for many times, and invited famous teachers in the town, Yan Xiaoqin and Wang Liping, to give lectures and give comments. In every teaching and research activity, from the lesson preparation and teaching preparation before the seminar to the lecture summary and after-class evaluation, all teaching departments have carefully organized and prepared to do a better job in teaching and research and try their best to improve the teaching level of every teacher.
Third, based on their own duties, do a good job in charge.
I am in charge of moral education, continuing education, parents' school, campus culture and other work while undertaking the teaching and scientific research work of the school. Although my work is very complicated, I still study hard and do a good job in all aspects.
1, continuing education.
In order to make teachers adapt to changes as soon as possible and get enough credits, I carefully study the documents and convey the spirit of the documents in time, so that each teacher can clearly understand his credit status and direction of efforts. Register information for each teacher on the provincial continuing education platform and select courses for review; Organize teachers to participate in online training of Hangzhou Normal University, and give individual counseling to individual teachers for many times; Every semester, school-based training projects are declared, and all kinds of training are organized to be carried out effectively and orderly.
2. Moral education.
Actively assist the headmaster to do a good job in moral education, make moral education a systematic project, make the school moral education develop steadily and orderly, continue to take "cultivating love with love, smearing the background of love in life" as the moral education characteristics of our school, and create a good moral education environment from three aspects: "everywhere, always hearing, often talking". Carry out colorful theme month activities and continue to give love to nursing homes 18 years.
3. Parents' school.
In strict accordance with the standards of "District Model Parent School". Family education is standardized, orderly and serialized. Parent-teacher conferences are held regularly, and teacher Shen Dongmei from Guali No.2 Primary School is invited to give a family education report on "Good habits determine a better life" for first-grade parents. Shen Lan, a teacher from the teaching and research section, was invited to make a family education report on "Parent-child Reading" for the parents of the whole school, and every activity was recorded.
Although he holds several positions, he also actively goes deep into the front line of teaching. Now I am a Chinese class, plus two information technology classes. I prepare lessons carefully in every class and organize teaching with the new concept of classroom reform.
Fourth, recognize the shortcomings and find the right direction.
As the director of the school's teaching department, I deeply realize my lack of theoretical knowledge, cultural literacy and management ability, and the lack of teachers' leadership ability, so I strengthen my study to prevent good articles and good ideas from becoming text garbage; Strengthen reflection and don't let good ideas become a thing of the past; Strengthen communication and don't let good wisdom and good results rot in your mind; Strengthen accumulation, don't let good measures, good results are just a flash in the pan. This has become the direction of my efforts.