Wang Yufeng: School selection fees have become a hotbed of corruption.
In many cities in China, especially in big cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, people can often find such a strange phenomenon: two primary schools (or middle schools) may be only 100 meters apart, but one of them is called "Cow School" because it occupies high-quality educational resources. With the "support" of charging tens of thousands of yuan for school selection every year, the campus is beautiful, the students are full and the teachers are well treated; However, because the other school is a so-called ordinary school, the school buildings are depressed and the teachers are helpless. Needless to say, there are almost no students who choose schools, and students in this area are still losing.
Wang Yufeng, a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and a professor at the School of Science of Beijing Jiaotong University, said: "The imbalance of educational resources reflected by this gap is widespread throughout the country, and it is also a difficult problem that has not been effectively solved in the education system reform for a long time. More seriously, school selection fees have become a hotbed of corruption. "
Zhu Qingshi: It is unfair for rural children to get extra points for special students, and key primary and secondary schools should be abolished.
Zhu Qingshi, member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and former president of the Chinese University of Science and Technology, said that special students in the education reform should not be encouraged to get extra points, because it is unfair to rural children. "If special students want to engage in some specific majors, that's later. At present, the reform of college entrance examination considers the comprehensive quality of students, including their specialties. Many of our current reforms, such as extra points for special students, often have no right to speak in rural areas. The result is the privilege of urban children, especially those with good family background. "
"Key schools have concentrated superior educational resources, excellent teachers and school conditions. Under the baton of the current exam, the enrollment rate is relatively high. Naturally, many students want to squeeze into key primary schools or middle schools. " Zhu Qingshi said, just because everyone wants to squeeze in, but the number of students enrolled in the school is limited, who can finally squeeze in? Most of them are children of rich and powerful families.
The 2008 National Education Supervision Report shows that there are 508 counties in China, and the average number of primary schools in each county is less than 1 foreign language teachers. Zhu Qingshi said that at present, there are too few high-quality primary and secondary schools in remote and poverty-stricken areas, and such a team of teachers, coupled with the college entrance examination language exam, has led to the fact that most children in these areas can't go to college, and even if they do, they can't get into a good university, and even fewer of them are studying in graduate schools. Therefore, among college students and graduate students, there are fewer and fewer children from rural and poor areas. "This is a great educational injustice."
Gu: Education cannot be the only way to solve educational equity.
Professor Gu, member of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and vice-president of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, believes that solving the problem of unfair education depends not only on education itself, but also on medical care, housing, social security and labor protection. Uneven distribution of urban and rural resources, weak teachers in rural areas, educational equity is difficult to achieve. Therefore, we should invest our money in the countryside! It is necessary to intensify efforts to improve the conditions for running schools in rural areas and strive to improve the treatment of rural teachers, especially in a few remote mountainous areas.
Pang: Adjust unreasonable teacher staffing standards in urban and rural areas as soon as possible.
The current standard policy for the establishment of primary and secondary school teachers was formulated in 200 1 year. According to this standard, the ratio of students to teachers in cities, counties, towns and rural areas is 19: 1, 21,and 23: 1, while the ratio of students to teachers in junior high schools is13.5:/respectively. "This compilation standard is guided by compression compilation, efficiency priority and urban priority, and there are outstanding defects such as tight overall compilation standard, urban bias and serious urban-rural inversion." Deputy Pang, a deputy to the National People's Congress and a professor at Beijing Normal University, said.
A direct consequence of the implementation of this standard for several years is that the number of primary and secondary school teachers, especially in rural areas, has decreased significantly, and the number of primary and secondary school teachers in the country has decreased by nearly 10%. According to representative Pang, after the implementation of the 200 1 compilation standard, the number of teaching and administrative staff in Shanxi Province has decreased by 50,000, with a reduction rate of about 15%. Jinan City, Shandong Province actually needs 48,000 teachers and staff in primary and secondary schools, but according to the standard of 200 1, the approved number of staff is only 4 1, and the staffing gap is more than 7,000, which has caused a serious mismatch between the actual needs of primary and secondary school operation and development and the staffing. Many rural primary and secondary school teachers take up all the courses in several classes, with an average of 17~ 18 per week, and teachers are overworked for a long time; Many rural schools can't offer all the courses; It is more difficult for some rural schools to recruit new teachers because of teachers' import cards. In order to ensure the normal operation of schools, some rural schools have to hire substitute teachers. The shortage and serious shortage of teachers in rural primary and secondary schools in China has become one of the bottlenecks that restrict rural children to "learn to teach" and improve the quality of education.
Deputy Pang suggested that the unreasonable staffing standards of urban and rural teachers should be adjusted as soon as possible, and the establishment of a "new dual-track system" should be studied to change the staffing standards to the countryside.
Liu Hongyu: Improve the rural education investment system and narrow the gap.
Liu Hongyu, a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and a lawyer of Beijing Jincheng Tongda Law Firm, believes that the education level and opportunities of rural people obviously lag behind those of cities. To narrow this educational gap and promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas, we must improve the rural education investment system.
He said that at present, China's rural compulsory education system implements "hierarchical management, with counties as the mainstay". Only 8% of the investment in rural compulsory education is paid by the central government, the other 92% is paid by local governments at all levels, and most of it is paid by the finance below the county level. A considerable number of county-level governments are seriously short of financial resources, especially after the reform of taxes and fees, the investment in rural compulsory education is obviously stretched. The imbalance of regional economic development and fiscal revenue determines that the county-based investment system cannot guarantee the balanced development of compulsory education.
"Compulsory education has the attribute of national public goods," Liu Hongyu said. "The investment in rural education should be based on the central government, and the important and priority position of rural compulsory education in the national central government should be established, so as to give full play to the absolute main role of central government funds in the allocation of rural compulsory education resources."
At the end of 2008, the State Council adopted the Guiding Opinions on Implementing Performance Pay in Compulsory Education Schools, and decided to implement performance pay in national compulsory education schools from June 5438+ 10/2009, so as to ensure that the average salary level of teachers in compulsory education stage is not lower than that of local civil servants, and at the same time, provide living allowances to retirees in compulsory education schools.