In the aspect of children's education, the thoughts of Neo-Confucianism on primary education in Song Dynasty have a wide influence. In terms of moral enlightenment to children, scholars in the Song Dynasty believed that children in early childhood should first distinguish between good and evil.

For example, Zhu, a Neo-Confucianism scholar in the Song Dynasty, pointed out in Primary School that the purpose of primary schools and universities is the same, that is, to "prevent their teenagers". Rest assured, Xiu De's teaching them the ways of sweeping, responding, advancing and retreating, loving their relatives, respecting their elders and expanding their teachers and friends are the foundation of self-cultivation, keeping the family in order, governing the country and leveling the world, and also the foundation of learning how to be a man.