1in July, 937, after the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, a large number of patriotic youths came to Yan 'an, the revolutionary holy land, from all over the country. In order to train a large number of patriotic youths to become outstanding anti-Japanese cadres,1At the end of July, 937, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to set up a new school-Shanbei Public School, formerly known as Shanbei University, but because there was an anti-Japanese military and political university in Shanbei at that time, the Kuomintang government refused to approve it, so it was renamed Shanbei Public School. Under the organization of Lin, Wu, Dong, Xu Teli, Zhang, Cheng and others, Cheng became the Party Secretary and President of Northern Shaanxi Public School. 1938, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China appointed Li as Deputy Secretary and Vice Chairman of the Municipal Party Committee.
1In August, 937, Northern Shaanxi Public College began to recruit overseas Chinese youth for the whole country. Classes were organized in September 1 and officially started in September 1 1. There are about 300 students in five classes of Northern Shaanxi Public School. They come from all directions: there are * * * members, party member and nationals; There are workers and farmers; There are Han people and ethnic minorities; There are cadres in both the Red Army area and the Kuomintang area; There are teenagers and old people who are over half a hundred years old.
1On July 7, 938, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to open a branch school of Northern Shaanxi Public School in Kanhua Palace, Changyi County, Guanzhong, with Li as the principal of the branch school. 1939 65438+ 10, the general school of northern Shaanxi Public School moved to Changyi and merged with the branch school. In the summer of the same year, the central government decided to jointly establish North China United University with Northern Shaanxi Public School, Lu Xun Art College, Anwubao wartime youth training class and Yan 'an Workers' School, and moved the campus to the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei base area as the president.
1939, 1 1 During the period, in order to train more anti-Japanese cadres, the CPC Central Committee decided to reopen the Northern Shaanxi Public School, also known as the later Northern Shaanxi Public School.
1941at the end of August, the central government decided to merge northern Shaanxi public school (later stage) with China Women's University and Mao Zedong Youth Cadre School to form Yan 'an University.
The educational policy of Northern Shaanxi Public College is: "Persist in the War of Resistance, the protracted war, the United front, national defense education, and train anti-Japanese cadres". The content of education is China's line, principles, policies and basic theories about War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the basic knowledge of leading armed struggle and his understanding of the current situation. The academic system of public schools in northern Shaanxi is divided into ordinary classes and advanced classes, which are semi-militarized, pay attention to military training and advocate and carry forward the school spirit of "loyalty, unity, tension and liveliness". The course is divided into three parts of military affairs and seven parts of politics, with emphasis on integrating theory with practice. The main contents are: introduction to social science, anti-Japanese national United front and people's work, guerrilla warfare and military common sense, and current affairs speeches. Study 8 hours a day, half in class and half in self-study. All the teachers and students of Northern Shaanxi Public College are self-reliant and do it themselves, and open up wasteland to dig caves.
The aim and training goal of Northern Shaanxi Public College is to implement national defense education and train anti-Japanese talents. To this end, the school has formulated an educational policy to help young people acquire the practical working methods in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the minimum theoretical basis of the national self-defense war, formulated a teaching plan based on the principle of "seven points for politics and three points for military affairs", and determined the principle of "integrating theory with practice, small but precise teaching content, and consistency between teaching and learning" as the teaching work. In the process of running a school, Northern Shaanxi Public College has formed a school spirit of loyalty, unity, tension and liveliness. After two years' running, Northern Shaanxi College has trained more than 6,000 students and absorbed more than 3,000 young people to join China. This is a great achievement of public school education in northern Shaanxi, and also an immortal contribution of public school in northern Shaanxi to the cause of national liberation in China. Most of the students studying in Shaanxi Public School come from the rear area, some from Nanyang and a few from enemy-occupied areas. Students are organized by teams and district teams, with a total of 37, 38, 39 and 4 1 team. At the same time, the school organizes students to learn military knowledge, engage in military exercises and prevent special traitors in the form of the whole school as the camp, district teams as the company and teams as the platoon. At that time, 38 teams were all women's teams, 120 people, mostly from Sichuan, Guangdong and Guangxi, with Zhang Lin (Mrs. Cheng) and Chen Yi as captains.
Shaanxi public schools are divided into ordinary classes and long-term advanced research classes. The study period of ordinary classes is 3 months 1, and that of advanced research classes is 1 year 1.
The content of the study is: political seven points, military three points. Courses include political economy, China revolution, philosophy, introduction to social science and military knowledge. Classes in the morning are all in large classes. There are no textbooks and handouts. Generally, the teacher talks, the students listen and the students take notes. Discuss in the afternoon, study by yourself, read books and take notes. Political teachers include Li Fanfu (deputy governor of Jiangxi Province after liberation), He Ganzhi, Chen Weishi, Li Weiyi, Wen Jize and Li Da. The instructor is a Long March cadre. The extracurricular life of public schools is rich and colorful, and ball games and military exercises are often held; No fewer than 1000 people attend the cultural evening held regularly every week. In addition, students are organized to drive wasteland in Hejiashan nearby.
School life is very hard. In addition to wheat flour, vegetables, grain and oil provided by the government, everyone receives a small monthly living allowance. The standard is: student 1 yuan, cadre 1 yuan 50 cents, teacher 5 yuan (at that time, each bucket of wheat was worth 8 cents).
Gong Shan Xinzheng Branch started school in the spring of 1938 and moved out in June of 1939, training thousands of students. Some of these students went to the front, like those who graduated from 1938, and most of them went to the anti-Japanese front; Some people went back to their hometown and worked in the local area. Most female students went to medical university. Some of them contributed their young lives to the birth of New China, and most of them became the backbone of the Party on all fronts after liberation. School song:
Lyrics: Cheng Luji composes music
This is the birthplace of our ancestors, and today we are reunited here. The fate of the country is entirely in our hands. Anti-Japanese and national salvation need us to redouble our efforts, be loyal and United, be nervous and lively, and study hard! Work hard and strive to be a model of national defense education. Work hard and become the backbone of the war of resistance. We are loyal to the cause of national liberation and committed to the construction of a new China. Look up, victory is ahead!
Education policy:
Adhere to the war of resistance, the protracted war and the United front, realize national defense education and train anti-Japanese cadres.
School spirit:
Loyalty, unity, tension and liveliness.