Children's education is inseparable from the application of psychology. Here I bring you practical psychological effects in pedagogy!

Psychological effect 1: Rosenthal effect

Rosenthal, a famous American psychologist, once did an experiment: he randomly divided a group of mice into group A and group B, and told the breeder of group A that this group of mice was very smart; At the same time, he told the breeder of group B that the mice in his group had average intelligence. A few months later, the professor tested two groups of mice crossing the maze, and found that the mice in group A were indeed smarter than those in group B. They could get out of the maze first and find food.

So Professor Rosenthal was inspired. He wants to know whether this effect will also happen to people. He came to an ordinary middle school, walked casually in a class, and then circled several names on the list of students, telling their teachers that these students had high IQ and were very smart. After a while, the professor came to this middle school again, and the miracle happened again. Those students selected by him have really become the best in the class.

Psychological effect 2: Over-limit effect

Mark, a famous American writer? Twain once listened to a priest's speech in church. At first, he felt that the pastor spoke very well and made people move, so he prepared to donate money. 10 minutes later, before the priest finished speaking, he got a little impatient and decided to donate only some small change. After another 10 minute, the priest hasn't finished yet and decided not to donate 1 minute. When the priest finally finished his long speech and began to raise money, mark? Because of his anger, Twain not only didn't donate money, but also stole 2 yuan's money from the plate.

This psychological phenomenon caused by too much stimulation, too strong stimulation and too long action time is called? Over-limit effect? . Overlimit effect often appears in family education. When a child makes a mistake, parents will make the same criticism once, twice, three times or even four or five times, which will make the child from guilt to impatience and even disgust. Is it? Urgent? Will it appear? Do I have to do this? Rebellious psychology and behavior. It can be seen that the mother's criticism of the child should not be excessive, but should be directed at the child? Make a mistake and criticize only once? . If you have to criticize again, don't simply repeat it. We should put it another way. In this way, children won't feel the same mistake? Hold on. Boredom and rebellious psychology will also be reduced.

Psychological effect 3: Desi effect

Psychologist Desi once told such a fable: A group of children frolic in front of an old man's house, screaming all over the sky. A few days passed, and the old man couldn't bear it. So, he came out and gave each child 10 cents and said to them, you have made this place very lively. I feel much younger. I thank you for giving me this little money. ? The children were very happy and came the next day, playing as usual. The old man came out again and gave each child 5 cents. Five cents is not bad, but the child left happily. On the third day, the old man only gave each child 2 cents, and the children flew into a rage. It's only 2 cents a day. Do you know how hard we work? ? They swore to the old man that they would never play for him again!

In this fable, the old man's method is very simple. Will he become the inner motivation of children? Play for your own happiness? Become an external motive? Playing and getting points? And he manipulated the external factor of fraction, so he also manipulated the child's behavior.

Desi effect appears from time to time in life. For example, parents often say to their children: Get 100 points and reward 100 yuan? 、? If you can get into the top five, you will get a new toy reward? Wait a minute. Parents may not have thought that it is this improper reward mechanism that reduces children's interest in learning little by little. In learning, parents should guide their children to set up lofty ideals, enhance their emotions and interests in learning, increase the motivation of learning itself, and help them reap the fun of learning. Parents' rewards can be things that are helpful for learning, such as books and learning tools, while some rewards that have nothing to do with learning are best not.

Psychological effect 4: south wind effect

? South wind? The effect is also called Warm? Effect, originated from the French writer La? Feng Dan wrote a fable: Who is worse, the north wind or the south wind? Let's see who can take off the coat of pedestrians. The north wind comes first, and the wind is biting. In order to resist the attack of the north wind, the fruit-bearing pedestrians wrapped their coats tightly. The south wind blows slowly, and the sun shines suddenly. Pedestrians feel that spring warms their upper body, so they unbutton their buttons first and then take off their coats. Nanfeng won.

The reason why the south wind can achieve the purpose in the story is that it meets people's internal needs. What is this psychological reaction to stimulate self-reflection and meet self-needs? South wind effect? . Therefore, it is adopted in family education. A stick? 、? Threats? Like the north wind? Traditional educational methods are not desirable. Carry out warm education, more? Human touch? Type of praise, cultivate children's conscious upward, can achieve twice the result with half the effort.

Psychological effect 5: barrel effect

? Barrel? The effect means: a wooden bucket with an uneven mouth contains not the longest board on the wooden bucket, but the shortest board on the wooden bucket. Children's comprehensive academic performance is like a vat, and each academic performance is an indispensable plank that constitutes this vat.

The stable formation of children's good academic performance cannot rely on the outstanding achievements of a certain subject, but should rely on its overall situation, especially some weak links. Therefore, when children are found to be deficient in some subjects, they should be reminded to spend more time on this subject in time, so as to achieve it? Learn from each other? .

Psychological effect 6: Hawthorne effect

Hawthorne Factory in the suburb of Chicago, USA, is a factory that manufactures telephone exchanges. It has perfect recreational facilities, medical care system and pension system, but the workers are still aggrieved and the production situation is not ideal. Later, psychologists specially conducted an experiment on it, that is, in two years, experts had more than 20 thousand individual conversations with workers, stipulating that workers should patiently listen to their opinions and dissatisfaction with the factory during the conversation. This talk experiment has received unexpected results: the output value of Hawthorne factory has been greatly improved.

In the process of learning and growing up, children will inevitably have confusion or dissatisfaction, but they can't fully express it. As mothers, we should try our best to find time to have a heart-to-heart talk with our children, and in the process of talking, we should patiently guide our children to speak freely, express their confusion in life and study, and express their dissatisfaction with their parents, schools, teachers and classmates.

Where's the baby? Say? After that, there will be a sense of satisfaction, and you will feel relaxed and comfortable. In this way, they will work harder in their studies and be more confident in their lives!

Psychological effect seven: increase or decrease effect

In interpersonal communication? Increase or decrease the effect? Does anyone want the other person to like him? Increase? Instead of. Constantly decreasing? . For example, many salespeople have grasped this psychology. When weighing goods for customers, we always grab a small pile and add them bit by bit, instead of grabbing a large pile and taking them out bit by bit.

When we evaluate a child, it is inevitable that we will tell all his shortcomings and advantages and often adopt them? Praise first and then derogate? The method. In fact, this is a very unsatisfactory evaluation method. When evaluating children, we might as well use? Increase or decrease the effect? For example, let's talk about children's minor problems that don't hurt their dignity, and then give them appropriate praise?

Psychological Effect VIII: Butterfly Effect

According to research, the weak airflow caused by a butterfly flapping its wings occasionally in the southern hemisphere will turn into a tornado sweeping Texas in a few weeks due to the mixture of other factors! Disordered people call this phenomenon? Butterfly effect? And made a theoretical statement: a small reason, after a certain amount of time and other factors, can develop into a very huge and complex impact.

? Butterfly effect? Tell us that educating children is no small matter. The expression of a word, the handling of a thing, and the correctness and appropriateness may affect the child's life; Errors and arbitrariness may delay a child's life.

Psychological Effect 9: Label Effect

During World War II, the United States was short of soldiers, and the war really needed a group of soldiers. Therefore, the United States decided to organize prisoners in prisons to fight in the front. To this end, the United States sent several psychologists to train and mobilize prisoners before the war, and went to the front to fight with them. During the training, psychologists did not preach to them too much, but emphasized that prisoners should write a letter to their closest relatives every week. The content of the letter was drawn up by psychologists, describing how the prisoner behaved in prison and how to turn over a new leaf. The experts asked the prisoners to copy carefully and send them to their dearest people. Three months later, the prisoners went to the front, and the experts asked the prisoners to write letters to their relatives, telling them how to obey orders and how to be brave. As a result, the performance of these prisoners on the battlefield is no less than that of the regular army. As they said in the letter, they obeyed orders and fought bravely in the battle. Later psychologists called this phenomenon? Label effect? Psychologically, it is also called the suggestive effect.

This psychological effect plays an extremely important role in family education. For example, if we always yell at our children? Idiot? 、? Pig head? 、? Why are you so stupid? 、? Can't even do such a simple topic? Wait, after a long time, the child may really become what we say? Idiot? . Therefore, mothers must abstain from ridicule and humiliation, from complaining, from threats and intimidation, and label their children positively with more inspiring language.

Psychological effect x: threshold effect

A phenomenon often occurs in daily life: when you ask for help from others, if you ask for higher requirements from the beginning, it is easy to be rejected; And if you make a small request first, and then increase the weight of the request after others agree, it will be easier to achieve the goal. This phenomenon is called by psychologists? Threshold effect? . We can also use it in family education? Threshold effect? . For example, first put forward lower requirements for children, and then affirm, praise or even reward them after they have done as required, and then gradually raise the requirements so that children are willing to make endless efforts.

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