1. Changes in educational aims and policies-(1) Party spirit education:1In July, 926, the Education Administrative Committee of Guangdong National Revolutionary Government expounded the meaning of "Party spirit education". The so-called "party education" is carried out under the guidance of the Kuomintang. Strive for "revolutionization", "popularization", "scientization" and "socialization" of education (II) The purpose of "Three People's Principles" education: 1928 The first national conference of the University of the Republic of China decided to replace "Three People's Principles Education" with "Three People's Principles Education". During the period of national independence, civil rights were universal, and the development of people's livelihood promoted world harmony. (3) Educational policy of "looking at peace in wartime": After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression1August, 937, the National Government put forward the educational policy of "looking at peace in wartime", including ① "everything is still based on maintaining normal education" and emphasizing maintaining normal education and management order ② "adapting to the needs of the war of resistance" and "adapting to the wartime environment". Cultivating and training all kinds of specialized technical talents needed by War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression ③ The policy of further strengthening political and ideological education is an important decision that is not short-sighted. Considering not only the short-term task of education serving the war of resistance against Japan, but also the long-term goal of education for the reconstruction and development of post-war national construction, education can still struggle and support in the harsh war environment and develop in the southwest and northwest regions of the rear area.

2. Reform of the education system-(1) Trial university and university district system: 1927 In June, the education administrative committee of the Kuomintang modeled on the French education administrative system, the central government established the University of the Republic of China, which was in charge of national education, and the local pilot university district appointed Cai Yuanpei as the president of the university. Promulgation of the Organic Law of the University of the Republic of China and the Regulations on the Organization of University Districts (II): The First National Education Conference of the University of the Republic of China (1928), based on the 1922 academic system and slightly modified, put forward a case of reorganizing the academic system of the Republic of China, that is, the "Chen Wu academic system". Chen Wu Education System is divided into two parts: organization and system. It puts forward seven principles, such as adapting to people's livelihood needs, improving education efficiency, raising academic standards, developing individuality, making education easy to popularize and leaving room for expansion, according to China's national conditions.

3. The development of school education-(1) Primary education: divided into three stages: ① The year of * * * * is the period of stability and development of primary education, ② The legalization of education construction, which can still maintain a certain development in the turbulent situation; ③ After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, it was strangled; ② Secondary education: divided into three stages:1the top ten of the rule. During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the number of middle schools increased rapidly. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the number of middle schools in China reached the highest point. (3) Higher education: ① It developed steadily in the first ten years and gradually took shape. (2) The general period after the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression began to decline. (4) After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the number of universities and students reached the highest point. (3) In order to preserve the strength of national education, the National Government moved the coastal areas to the west.

4. School education management measures-(1) discipline system: it is the basic organizational form for the Kuomintang government to carry out routine political and ideological education and management in schools. Secondary and higher education institutions have discipline offices or discipline offices, headed by a discipline supervisor or discipline director, who must be a national party member and lead tutors of all grades with the help of trainers. Ideological and political education for students (2) Boy Scout training in primary and secondary schools: Boy Scout is an organizational form that enables children and adolescents to receive militarized education and training. It was introduced to China in the early years of the Republic of China. 1928 In May, the executive meeting of the Kuomintang Central Committee adopted the General Chapter of the Boy Scouts of the Kuomintang in China, stipulating that all young people aged 12- 18 must join the army and receive boy scout training. 1933 10 The preparatory office of the Scout Association of China published the General Chapter of the Scouts of China, which stipulated that the Scouts of China should "take loyalty, filial piety, love and harmony as the highest training principles" and "wisdom, benevolence and courage" as their educational goals. 1 934165438+1October1,the Scout Association of China was formally established. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, it was emphasized that boy scout activities should serve wartime needs. (3) Military training for students above senior high school: 1929 stipulates that military education is a compulsory subject in schools above senior high school except for girls. Take military training as a necessary condition for completing studies and further study. (4) Middle school graduation examination: The Ministry of Education of the Kuomintang promulgated the Provisional Rules for Graduation Examination for Primary and Secondary School Students 1932 in May, the Rules for Graduation Examination for Middle School Students 1932 in February and the Rules for Graduation Examination for Normal School Students in April. This system has always been.

For more details, please click: 20 15 PubMed: Summary of Educational History of Pedagogy Knowledge Points.

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