Maslow regards perfecting human nature education as the basic content of humanistic education. Usually, people pursue the satisfaction of advanced needs after the low-level needs are met. The content of self-realization is to realize people's "intrinsic value", including truth, beauty, novelty, uniqueness, justice, strictness, simplicity, kindness, efficiency, love, honesty, simplicity, improvement, order, elegance, growth, cleanliness, tranquility and equality. If we can realize these values, we can get the greatest happiness and happiness in life. Maslow's thoughts on educational principles can be roughly summarized into five aspects:
1. Self-identity principle
Education should enable students to seek inner identity and reduce or eliminate inner contradictions and schizophrenia. And help students realize the unity of self and non-self, that is, the unity of individual, society and nature.
2. Heuristic principle
This principle is mainly to stimulate and cultivate students' creativity. We should not only cultivate students' rational control and logical thinking through knowledge education, but also stimulate students' non-intellectual factors through emotional communication, the formation of a beautiful personality and the full and free expression of self.
3. Principles of aesthetic education
Attach importance to art education such as music, dance and art.
4. Transcending the principle
Transcending self means transcending selfishness and egocentrism, thus achieving the state of no self. In addition, there is the transcendence of culture, so it is necessary to cultivate a person with critical spirit and examine the culture he was born with a detached and objective attitude.
5. Value principle
Education should give students a sense of value, explore and stimulate students' intrinsic value, and give the educated the meaning of survival.
6. Basic viewpoints of humanistic psychology
Humanistic psychology is a psychological trend of thought that rose in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s, and it is the third largest force after behaviorism and psychoanalysis. The main representative is Abraham? Abraham maslow and Carl? Carl rogers. His views on learning and teaching have profoundly influenced the worldwide educational reform, and it is one of the three major teaching movements in the 20th century, which are as famous as the program teaching movement and the discipline structure movement.
The theme of humanistic psychology research is human nature and its relationship with social life. They emphasize human dignity and value, oppose the barbarism and mechanization tendency of human nature in psychology, and advocate that psychology should study issues that are meaningful to personal and social progress; Methodologically, they oppose inferring human behavior from the results of animal experiments, and advocate overall analysis and case study of personality development. Both Maslow's theory of natural humanity and the hierarchy of needs for self-realization, and Rogers' educational view of "perfect man" based on respect, sincerity and acceptance, inspire us to re-examine children's nature and potential, needs and self-realization and the development of early educational activities from the perspective of human nature.