Problem description:
The question that the teacher wants to check! ! ! Urgent! ! ! Everybody help! ! ! Thank you very much ! !
Analysis:
Lop Nur, located in the northeast of Ruoqiang County, was once the second largest inland river in China, with an altitude of 780 meters and an area of about 2,400-3,000 square kilometers. It is famous for the ancient Silk Road in the east of Tarim Basin. The ancient Lop Nur was born at the end of Tertiary and the beginning of Quaternary, covering an area of more than 20,000 square kilometers. Under the influence of neotectonic movement, the lake basin moved from south to north. Lop Nur is now the lowest and largest depression in the north. This used to be the center of water accumulation in Tarim basin. It originated from the ancient basins of Tianshan, Kunlun and Altun Mountains, and injected into Lop Nur depression to form lakes.
Lop Nur used to have many names, some of which were named according to its characteristics, such as Aoze, Yanze and Ganhai. Some are named after their places, such as Pu Changhai, Prison Blue Ocean and Peacock Sea. After the yuan dynasty, it was called rob naoer.
Lop Nur: Dead Sea in China
Lop Nur covers an area of 3,006 square kilometers and is known as the second largest saltwater lake in China. The blue waves are vast, which is a good place for birds and animals to inhabit, and also the source of life for Luobu people to thrive.
In AD 1888, Russians visited an oasis in the south of Lop Nur, Xinjiang, and found the whereabouts of a group of horses. The Germans once caught some wild horses here. The British also captured several humps. When the Sino-Swiss joint investigation team visited Lop Nur, they could paddle on the lake, and there were fish in the water.
But today, except for sandstorms, scorching sun and white salt shells, the water in Lop Nur has disappeared without a trace. The Lop Nur area of 20,000 square kilometers has been deserted. Such great changes have aroused the concern and reflection of the world. As two cities in Lop Nur, the once very popular Kingdom of Che and Loulan no longer exist, only the sound of camel bells is left.
Evaporation lake
Lop Nur, located in the northeast of Tarim Basin in Xinjiang, is a puddle surrounded by Altun Mountain, Taklimakan Desert and Kuruk Mountain. Since the Yuan Dynasty, it has been called Lop Nur. "Robbery" is an ancient Germanic language, which means to gather water and treasure; "Chuo 'er" is Mongolian, which means lake. Rob Chul is just a lake rich in water.
In the distant geological age, Lop Nur belonged to the ancient Mediterranean. In the late Eocene, due to the drastic changes in the earth's crust, the Altun Mountains first rose, and the original sea became a piece of land. After the Quaternary Pleistocene, the connection between Altun Mountain and East Kunlun Mountain declined relatively and gradually evolved into the embryonic form of Lop Nur Depression. Under the influence of Himalayan orogeny, Lop Nur Depression continued to sink. At the same time, the Tarim basin has changed from a high terrain in the middle to a slope from southwest to northeast, and the Lop Nur depression in the east has become the lowest part and ice accumulation center of the Tarim basin. The Tarim River, Peacock River, Cherchin River, Milan River and seasonal rivers originating from Tianshan Mountain, Kunlun Mountain and Altun Mountain are continuously injected into Lop Nur depression and merged into lakes.
At the end of the third century and the beginning of the fourth century, about two million years ago, the huge Lop Nur was born.
The shape and area of Lop Nur experienced three major changes from the first century to the third century, the eighth century and the thirteenth century. Seen from Lop Nur as a whole, on the surface, the lake area is sometimes located in the south and sometimes in the north, hovering between 39 to 40 and 40 to 465,438+0 north latitude, which geographers call "wandering lake". This is also the first mysterious veil that has long plagued people in Lop Nur.
It was not until 1980s that scientists discovered that Lop Nur Lake basin was shallow and the amount of water directly affected the shape and area of the lake through modern technologies such as lake bottom drilling control, satellite remote sensing, far infrared monitoring and Doppler global positioning system.
Historically, the largest area of Lop Nur reached 5350 square kilometers. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, Lop Nur was only "eight or nine miles long from east to west, two or three miles wide from north to south, or one or two miles wide" when it rose, completely becoming a small lake.
192 1 year, Tarim River diverted into Lop Nur. By the 1950s, the lake area had risen to more than 2,000 square kilometers. Lop Nur gradually dried up in the 1960s due to the cut-off of the lower reaches of Tarim River and Peacock River. Finally, Lop Nur and the lake basin became white salt shells. 1972, the last 450 square kilometers of the lake were also evaporated by the scorching sun.
Lake of Death-Lop Nur
Lop Nur, located in the eastern part of Taklimakan Desert in Xinjiang, is a mysterious land, attracting Chinese and foreign historical geographers.
Lop Nur, also known as Lop Nur, was called "Youze" by Shan Hai Jing, a geographical masterpiece in the pre-Qin period. Robnor is a Mongolian phonetic translation, which means a watery lake. In the first century A.D., Hanshu was described as "300 Li wide, and with its water pavilion, it will not increase in winter and summer."
In the Qing Dynasty, Amitabha went deep into the lake area to inspect, and wrote the book "A Brief Introduction to the River Source" in Volume 9: "Luobnuoer is a big river in the Western Region, which is surrounded by mountains and rivers in the north of the Near East in the Western Region, with a total of six or seven tributaries, 5,000 cotton fields and 4,500 miles of flowing water. The rest of the sand is separated, and the hidden sand is not counted. Written by the mountain, all twists and turns in the ring tend to return to Naoer, hundreds of miles from east to west, hundreds of miles from north to south, not shrinking in winter and summer ... "
Vae, a geographer, pointed out in the Waterway Map of the Western Regions that the Tarim River flows into the Peacock River and into Lop Nur.
Italian businessman Kyle Poirot, Russian explorer H·M· Pulgeval, Swedish geographer Sven Heding, American Gordon, British Stan, Japanese Orange Ruichao and French Bonvalot all visited Lop Nur and left wonderful descriptions.
1930- 1934 In China, scientists Huang Wenbi and Chen Chongqi made a field trip to Lop Nur and measured the map. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), 1959, 1980- 198 1 China Academy of Sciences organized a large-scale adventure in Lop Nur, during which Comrade Peng died in Kumukuduk from May to July in 1980.
Here used to be the ancient kingdom of Loulan, with a large population and considerable scale. In BC 126, Zhang Qian returned from his mission to the Western Regions, and wrote to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty: "Loulan, there are battlements in Sicheng, which are near the salt flats". It has become the throat gateway of the south branch of the famous Silk Road.
Once upon a time, the bustling Loulan quietly withdrew from the historical stage; In the heyday of the Southern Silk Road, yellow sand was everywhere and the journey was full of feet; Lop Nur, a misty lake, has also become a dry salt marsh.
Lop Nur, now reflected from satellite photos, is a desert composed of salt shells!
The living example of the disappearance of lakes warns people that protecting the ecological environment must be the primary goal of the development of ecologically fragile areas in the west.