The new policy of 20 10 substitute teachers has aroused social concern. The reason is that the Ministry of Education stated on June 65438+1October 2 1 that it is necessary to strictly prohibit the employment of new substitute teachers, oppose this irregular employment behavior in primary and secondary schools, and repel substitute teachers. Judging from the urgency of changing the educational environment in China, this policy has certain rigid requirements.
On June 65438+1October 2 1 day, the Ministry of Education said that it was strictly forbidden to hire new substitutes and opposed this irregular employment behavior in primary and secondary schools. It is also suggested that local governments at all levels can consider "selecting the best candidates, dismissing compensation, and incorporating social security" when repaying substitute students in primary and secondary schools, and properly solve the problem of substitute students in various ways.
The retirement policy of substitute teachers has certain rigid requirements in view of its realistic urgency to change the educational environment in China. In 20 10, the Ministry of Education put forward the concept of compensation and guarantee for substitute teachers, which gave the space for the implementation of this rigid policy and further clarified the key role of local governments at all levels in solving this problem.
Affirm the substitute teacher's achievements.
Substitute teachers refer to temporary teachers who have no career establishment in rural schools. There are three reasons for the emergence of substitute teachers: first, because of the underdeveloped economy in some places, especially the financial shortage of grass-roots governments, teachers have to make up, and a large number of substitute teachers are hired with high salaries; Second, the conditions for running schools in some areas are difficult, and undergraduate and junior college graduates are unwilling to go. Even if they leave, they can't stay. There is no other way but to hire a substitute teacher. Thirdly, due to the gap between urban and rural teachers' staffing standards, there is a widespread phenomenon of overstaffing in urban schools and overstaffing in rural schools in many places, which leads to insufficient staffing of teachers in some districts and counties. According to statistics from the Ministry of Education, by the end of 2008, there were still 3 1. 1 10,000 people.
Although substitute teachers do not have any "birthright" and do not fully enjoy the treatment of teachers, they play an active role in a specific historical stage, especially in the western region and remote rural areas, bearing the historical responsibility of maintaining compulsory education. Many stories of substitute teachers are related to terms such as mountain area, low salary, poverty and perseverance.
"It should be said that these substitute teachers have made efforts and painstaking efforts for the development of education in China, especially rural basic education, in a special historical period and specific environment." Lv Yugang, deputy director of the Personnel Department of the Ministry of Education, fully affirmed the achievements made by substitute teachers.
Retirement is a rigid demand to improve the educational environment.
After several generations' efforts, compulsory education in China has finally been popularized, which has solved the problem of school-age children's "difficulty in going to school". The establishment of compulsory education funds guarantee mechanism has realized free education for students in compulsory education stage. However, after solving the problem of "studying in school", the problem of "studying in school" has become the main complaint point of parents and students, and the quality of education has been urgently placed in front of the education department.
Improve the quality of education, teacher-oriented. Although there are many college graduates with good quality and teacher qualifications among substitute teachers, most of the substitute teachers in some areas do not have teacher qualifications and their academic qualifications are relatively low. In some places, parents have gone to the education department to ask for substitute teachers and equip their children's schools with qualified teachers. Lv Yugang believes: "Long-term use of substitute teachers who are not qualified as teachers harms the legitimate rights and interests of students."
At the same time, Lv Yugang also said: "It is extremely unfair for them to use substitute teachers with teacher qualifications for a long time with low wages." Indeed, as embarrassing as substitute teachers, there is also their treatment, and their salary is even as low as one tenth of that of supernumerary teachers.
It is understood that this phenomenon of unequal pay for equal work in the field of compulsory education is partly caused by insufficient local financial input, but a considerable part is also caused by some places crowding out, misappropriating and intercepting the establishment of teaching and administrative staff in primary and secondary schools, especially the "lack of supplementary personnel". Although the Ministry of Education has issued many notices, it is strictly forbidden for primary and secondary schools to occupy, misappropriate or intercept the establishment of teaching staff in primary and secondary schools, and it is strictly forbidden to employ substitute teachers for a long time if there are qualified teachers. However, the "advantages" of substitute teachers' low salary, hard work and simple appointment procedures have led to orders in many places.
Today, with the financial guarantee of compulsory education funds, to some extent, it is not standardized to allow substitute teachers to exist, and it is also divorced from the overall situation of education development. The balanced development of compulsory education has become an established goal, and the balanced development of teachers undoubtedly plays a vital role. The basic expectation of retired substitute teachers is that every individual in this group of teachers will take up their posts in accordance with relevant national regulations and standards, and their rights and interests will be protected by relevant national laws and regulations, which is related to the construction of teachers and the formal and systematic development of China's education. From this perspective, retired substitute teachers are a rigid demand.
Local governments should earnestly take responsibility.
"Properly solving the problem of replacement personnel is not to deny their efforts and labor, nor is it simply to let all replacement personnel go home." Lv Yugang's explanation makes people feel warm.
Indeed, it is unacceptable to simply let substitute teachers leave school and go home in the face of the group that has made contributions to society and gained social affirmation. Lv Yugang said: "On-the-job replacement personnel should be properly solved through various channels. The most important thing is that local governments at all levels should take responsibility."
Lv Yugang said, first of all, it is necessary to strictly prohibit the employment of new substitutes, standardize the employment behavior of primary and secondary schools, and ensure the supplementary needs of qualified teachers. Obviously, this move is to strictly control the number of "substitute teachers" at the current level and prevent the snowball from getting bigger and bigger, which is conducive to treating both the symptoms and the root causes of the problem of substitute teachers.
For the substitute teachers who are still on the job, Lv Yugang proposed that we should combine the proper solution of the problem of substitute teachers with the establishment and improvement of the normal supplementary mechanism of teachers in accordance with the idea of "people-oriented, overall planning by the government, adhering to standards, step by step, being active and steady, and treating both the symptoms and the root causes".
First of all, substitute teachers with teacher qualifications, good quality and certain teaching experience should be invited to participate in open recruitment and choose the best teachers.
Secondly, those displaced workers should be compensated to some extent, and with the improvement of social security systems in various places, they should actively study and try to solve their practical difficulties by including urban and rural social security and rural cooperative medical care.
It can be said that "selecting the best candidates, dismissing compensation, and incorporating social security" gives this rigid policy room to be implemented with emotion, but whether it can be implemented with emotion and to what extent, as Lv Yugang emphasized, "the key is that local governments at all levels should earnestly take responsibility." After all, in order to "select the best teachers", it is necessary to increase the establishment through the personnel department; If "dismissal compensation" is to be paid by local finance, it needs to be included in the annual budget; If it is to be included in social security, it must be planned by the social security department. Obviously, the removal and resettlement of substitute teachers need to be carried out by education, personnel, finance, social security and other departments under the overall planning of the government, and to ensure fairness, it is necessary to introduce supporting policies at the national level, the provincial government to formulate unified preferential policies and compensation standards, and give financial support to poor counties, so as to reflect fairness and ensure the orderly withdrawal of substitute teachers.
It is worth looking forward to that "affectionate executions" have been carried out in some places. Guangxi, Chongqing, Guangdong and Gansu Lanzhou have accumulated many good experiences and practices in actively solving the problem of substitute teachers. For example, Guangdong Province will allocate 2.07 billion yuan to solve the problem of substitute teachers within two years, mainly by combining batch examinations, free training, recruitment and job transfer, and classifying them according to the different situations of economically developed and underdeveloped areas.
The problem of substitute teachers has been paid more and more attention. At the local "two sessions" held in various places, properly solving the problem of substitute teachers is also becoming an important topic for local representatives.