Keywords: preschool education, aesthetic education, quality education
Aesthetic education is "aesthetic education", also called "aesthetic education". It is a process of cultivating aesthetic ability through aesthetic activities, that is, by understanding the beauty of surrounding things and art. Aesthetic education plays an irreplaceable role in moral education, intellectual education and physical education. [1] Education is one of the most important undertakings for individuals and society. Early childhood is in the initial stage of life growth and development, and education in this period has an important impact on later life. The formation of people's physical quality, intellectual development level and personality quality is closely related to early childhood education. In order to cultivate all-round social members with moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic development, besides developing children's intelligence, we should also pay attention to other aspects of education, as Soviet educator Su Holinsky said: "To achieve all-round development, we must make intellectual education, physical education, labor education and aesthetic education penetrate and blend with each other, so that this aspect of education presents a unified and complete process." [2] Therefore, in order to make children develop in an all-round way, the important role of aesthetic education cannot be ignored.
First, the importance of children's aesthetic education
In order to make children develop in an all-round way, the important role of aesthetic education can not be ignored. This is determined by the physical and mental characteristics of children and the nature of aesthetic education. Children can show their perception of beauty very early. Psychological research has proved that under the influence of external conditions, some four-month-old babies already like to listen to the piano, and one-year-old babies like to look at brightly colored clothes. Children over two years old already have colors they like and dislike; Five-year-old children can enjoy the sunset and sunset glow. Therefore, the cultivation of children's aesthetic ability is the starting point and foundation of aesthetic education. [3]
1. Aesthetic education can promote the coordinated development of intellectual education and moral education and improve students' comprehensive quality.
First of all, aesthetic education can cultivate children's good moral sense. In the process of aesthetic education, teachers can help students gradually and correctly distinguish good from evil, beauty and ugliness through words and deeds. Driven by the love of beauty, they consciously suppress ugliness and abandon ugliness, get rid of bad habits, pursue beauty, create beauty, and improve their ideological and moral level. Secondly, aesthetic education can promote children's intellectual development. The influence of aesthetic education on intellectual education is mainly manifested in that aesthetic education can stimulate students' imagination and promote their thinking development. For example, when students appreciate natural scenery, picturesque scenery will make them unconsciously spread their thinking wings and imagine how the ingenious natural scenery came from and why the fish swam around in the water. Why do birds fly in the sky? In a word, aesthetic education can not only cultivate sentiment and improve literacy, but also help to develop intelligence and play an irreplaceable role in promoting students' all-round development.
2. Aesthetic education can promote children's mental health and develop a sound personality.
Aesthetic education is a kind of education that pays attention to sensibility and can promote the coordinated development of sensibility and rationality. This makes it of great practical significance. [4] The diversity of the world also determines the different ways for human beings to know the world. Aesthetic education not only starts from sensibility, but also sublimates it. It makes people's feeling-perception-imagination-emotion-desire get rational edification and nourishment through aesthetics, and subtly forms the blending and harmony of perceptual and rational consciousness, thus cultivating a sound personality.
Second, the problems of children's aesthetic education
As mentioned above, children's aesthetic education plays an important role in promoting the coordinated development of intellectual education and moral education, promoting children's mental health and forming a sound personality. However, from the current educational situation, there are still the following shortcomings:
1. Ignore the importance of aesthetic education
Due to the bad influence of examination-oriented education system and thought, and the prevalence of the educational concept of "children can't lose at the starting line", the phenomenon of simple knowledge in early childhood education has also become popular. Many kindergartens pay too much attention to instilling children's scientific knowledge, and intentionally or unintentionally ignore other aspects, especially aesthetic education for children.
2. Misunderstanding of the connotation of aesthetic education
Aesthetic education has a wide range of contents, including music and dance, painting, film appreciation and literature; Natural beauty is the beauty that is felt and experienced with nature as the aesthetic object; Social beauty is the beauty that is felt and experienced by taking beautiful people and things in social life as objects; Scientific beauty is the beauty that is felt with the content and form of science as the object. Therefore, aesthetic education for children can't just focus on one point or one aspect. At present, some schools or teachers mistakenly think that aesthetic education is to teach children to draw. This one-sided understanding of aesthetic education can easily hurt children's all-round development.
Third, the implementation strategy of children's aesthetic education
According to the importance of aesthetic education in children's education and the problems existing in children's aesthetic education at present, the author thinks that children's aesthetic education can be improved from the following three aspects.
1. Implementing aesthetic education in games
The general characteristics of children are strong curiosity and rich imagination. According to the characteristics of children, teachers should organize children to participate in specific, vivid and pleasant game activities in daily teaching, so that children can be educated in beauty in the game. For example, arrange children to be "actors" or let them organize small games, with the participation of teachers, so that children can feel the beauty in play.
2. Implementing aesthetic education in teaching
In teaching activities, situations should be created to influence children's aesthetic education subtly. For example, when spring comes, let children go outdoors to see the beauty of flowers and the touch of spring breeze, so that children can feel the breath of spring. In the drawing class, let the children draw the flowers they see according to their own impressions and talk about their feelings. In this way, children not only enrich the language, but also have a further feeling of the beauty of nature. Let children feel and understand beauty through activities such as observation, painting and communication.
3. Implementing aesthetic education in life
The "goal" in the art field in the "Guidelines for Kindergarten Education (Trial)" promulgated by the Ministry of Education in 200 1 requires children to "initially feel and love the beauty in the environment, life and art" and "guide children to contact with beautiful people, things and things in the surrounding environment and life, enrich their perceptual experience and aesthetic interest, and stimulate their interest in expressing beauty and creating beauty". [5] Educating children to care for flowers and trees, not trampling on flowers and plants, not doodling, and paying attention to hygiene in daily life can make children feel what is behavioral beauty. Educate children to learn to dress themselves, put clothes and hats in a fixed place during a nap, pay attention to personal hygiene, and form good habits of neatness, so that children can know that this is the beauty of appearance. Keep the environment clean, eat fruits and put them in plastic bags every day, and cultivate children's good habit of not littering peels and other sundries. Teachers should encourage children and teachers to beautify the environment together and try their best to help others when they are in trouble. Teachers can praise and encourage children's little progress in the form of "little red flowers", thus cultivating children's beautiful hearts.
Fourth, teachers should improve their own level.
The role of teachers mainly lies in inspiring children to feel beauty and express beauty, enriching children's aesthetic experience, and making children experience the happiness of free expression and creation. [6] Therefore, while implementing aesthetic education for children, we must strengthen the aesthetic education training for teachers and improve their aesthetic education literacy and ability. Only high-quality teachers can carry out aesthetic education for children in normal teaching and daily life, and can influence children with neat and dignified appearance, elegant and friendly teaching attitude, vivid language, neat and beautiful blackboard writing and noble and great personality.
In a word, children's aesthetic education is a very important aspect of children's education, and both schools and teachers should pay enough attention to it to improve children's aesthetic education level in daily teaching management.
refer to
[1] Huang, on children's aesthetic education [J], Journal of Chongqing Institute of Education, No.2,1998,58-60.
[2] Wang Ximing, on the function of aesthetic education in schools [J], Journal of Liaocheng Teachers College (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition), No.6, 2000,121-kloc-0/23.
[3] Chen. On children's aesthetic education [J], Educational Science, 1989No. 1 issue, 36-37.
[4] Jie Gu, on the function of aesthetic education [J], China Education Journal, 2004,No. 10, 9-1/.
[5][6] Department of Basic Education, Ministry of Education. Interpretation of the Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (Trial) [M]. Nanjing: Jiangsu Education Press, 2002: 37.