(a) the construction plan
1. Lifting includes structure lifting and equipment lifting. Its operation belongs to high-altitude dangerous operation, with changeable working conditions and complicated construction technology. Before construction, a special construction plan should be prepared. Its contents include: site environment, general situation of the project, construction technology, selection basis of hoisting machinery, design and calculation of hoisting rod, design and selection of ground anchor, design and selection of wire rope and rigging, ground endurance and road requirements, arrangement of component stacking and various protective measures during hoisting.
2. The operation plan must be instructive according to the engineering situation and the actual situation on site, and be approved by the superior technical department to confirm that it meets the requirements.
(2) Lifting machinery
1 crane
(1) Select the hoisting machinery according to the requirements of the construction scheme. After being transported to the site for reassembly, commissioning test and acceptance shall be conducted to confirm that it meets the requirements, and records and signatures shall be made.
(2) The crane can continue to be used after passing the inspection, and has a license issued by the relevant municipal departments on a regular basis.
(3) Upon inspection, it is confirmed that the safety devices including superelevation limiter, torque limiter, arm width indicator and hook safety device all meet the requirements. When there are other safety devices in the machine manual, they should be checked according to the specifications.
2. Lifting boom
(1) The selection of the boom shall conform to the requirements of the operation process, and the specifications and dimensions of the boom shall be determined through design calculation, which shall be carried out in accordance with relevant codes and standards and approved by the superior technical department.
(2) The materials, segments and assembly forms selected for suspenders must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of design drawings, and the requirements shall be checked and confirmed by relevant departments after assembly.
(3) After the boom is combined with wire rope, pulley and hoist, it should be confirmed by trial hoisting. According to the rated load 1.2 times, it can be lifted 200~500mm off the ground, so that the wind rope of each cable is in place and the hoisting wire rope is gradually tightened. Make sure that the pulleys and wire ropes of all departments are well stressed, gently shake the hoisted object, and check the derrick, ground anchor and wind rope of the cable to make sure that they meet the design requirements.
(3) Wire rope and ground anchor
1. When the number of broken wires of steel wire rope in a pitch exceeds 10%, the steel wire rope is corroded or the surface wear reaches 40%, with dead bending and core structure deformation. , should be scrapped and stopped using. If the broken wire or wear is less than the scrapping standard, the bearing capacity will be reduced in proportion. The safety factor of wire rope should be determined according to the lifting mode, and when it is driven by manpower, K = 4.5, and when it is driven by machinery, K=5~6.
2. The selection of the boom pulley and the ground guide pulley should be suitable for the diameter of the wire rope, and the diameter ratio should not be less than 15. Each pulley must be firmly fixed with steel wire rope, and should be replaced in time when the pulley has defects such as flange damage.
3. The cable wind rope shall be made of steel wire rope with a safety factor of K=3.5, and the specifications shall meet the requirements of the construction scheme. The cable wind rope shall be firmly connected with the ground anchor.
4. The buried mode of the ground anchor shall be determined by calculation, and the location and buried depth of the ground anchor shall meet the requirements of the construction scheme and the actual angle of derrick mast operation. When moving the derrick, you must also use a regular ground anchor that has been designed and calculated, and you are not allowed to tie it to poles, trees and components at will.
(4) Lifting point
1. Select the lifting point according to the shape, center of gravity and technological requirements of the heavy object, and indicate it in the scheme. 2. Lifting points must be used for lifting, overturning and shifting of heavy objects. The selection of lifting point should be on the same vertical line with the center of gravity of the weight, and the lifting point should be above the center of gravity (the lifting point is perpendicular to the edge of the center of gravity and the cross section of the weight). Lift the weight vertically, not obliquely.