1. Students are not allowed to play with fire or carry kindling with them: 1. No kindling such as matches or lighters; 2. Do not ignite at will, and do not use fire in inflammable and explosive articles; 3. It is not allowed to set off firecrackers in public places and throw lit firecrackers around.
Second, at the scene of the fire, minors such as primary school students should escape in an orderly manner: 1. If there is a refuge floor or evacuation stairs, you can enter the refuge floor first or evacuate to a safe place through the evacuation stairs. 2. If the floor is on fire, but the stairs have not been burnt out and the fire is not very fierce, you can put on a clothes soaked with water and rush down from the upstairs quickly.
3, multi-storey building fire, such as the stairs have been burned out, or the fire has been quite fierce, you can use the balcony, downspout or bamboo poles to escape. If all escape routes are cut off, you should retreat indoors and close the doors and windows.
If conditions permit, water can be poured on doors and windows to delay the spread of fire. At the same time, you can throw small things outdoors and send out a distress signal with a flashlight at night.
5, if life is seriously threatened, and there is no other way to save yourself, you can use rope or sheets to tear into strips and connect them, one end of which is tightly tied to a solid door and window lattice or other heavy objects, and then slide down along the rope or cloth. 6. If the above-mentioned self-rescue measures are taken unconditionally, and the time is tight and the threat of fireworks is serious, when you are forced to jump off a building, you can throw some quilts and other things on the ground to increase the buffer, and then slide down with your hands on the windowsill to reduce the jumping height and ensure that your feet land first.
7. To carry forward the spirit of mutual assistance, first help the elderly, children and patients to evacuate. People with mobility difficulties can use quilts, blankets and other packages. , and hung down with a rope.
Third, the fire prevention of student dormitories. The fire safety of student dormitory should be ten (1). Do not pull the wire without permission; (2) Smoking and littering cigarette butts are not allowed in bed; (3) It is forbidden to occupy or block evacuation passages; (4) Don't burn sundries in the building; (5) Don't bring inflammable and explosive articles into the house; (6) Electric heating equipment such as "quick heating" is not allowed; (7) It is forbidden to use open flame appliances such as alcohol stoves; (8) Do not change the power supply equipment without authorization (9) Do not leave the dormitory without turning off the power supply; (10) Don't damage fire extinguishers and fire-fighting facilities. Fourth, what should I do when I first find a fire? If you find a fire, you should shout loudly or knock on something that can make a sound, such as washbasin and aluminum pot, to call more people to participate in the fire fighting, and call "1 19" to call the fire department quickly.
When dialing "1 19", please pay attention to the following details: 1, "1 19" fire alarm telephone (it is best to use a fixed telephone), be calm and calm, and dial the number1/kloc after hearing the dial tone. 2. After the telephone is connected, the address of the fire (including road name, street name, lane name and house number) shall be clearly stated.
3, as far as possible, explain what is the fire and fire scope, and the number of people trapped. 4. Quietly answer the questions of the communication staff of the "ll9" main console.
5, after the phone hang up, should send someone to meet the fire truck at the intersection. Five, three elements of fire fighting 1, downwind fire fighting, in case of being burned by fire.
2, the root fire, the effect is the most thorough. 3, 2-3 meters from the root, the best distance.
The effective distance of the fire extinguisher is only 4.5 meters. Six, the use of portable dry powder fire extinguisher 1, put the fire extinguisher on the ground, hold the bottleneck with your left hand, hook the safety pin with your right index finger, and gently pull it.
Don't hold the handle hard with your left hand. 2. Pick up the cylinder, hold the bottom of the cylinder with your left hand and squeeze the handle with your right hand.
3, when the fire cylinder should be tilted down 45 degrees. 4. The pointer of the cylinder pressure gauge points to the red * * * field, indicating that the fire extinguisher is invalid, and those pointing to the yellow and green * * * fields can be used normally.
7. What material fires can't be put out by water? 1, alkali metals cannot be extinguished with water. Because water reacts with alkali metals (such as potassium and sodium), it can decompose water to produce hydrogen and release a lot of heat, which is easy to cause explosion.
2. Residual alkali metal carbides and alkali metal hydrides cannot be extinguished by water, such as potassium carbide, sodium carbide, aluminum carbide and calcium carbide. Potassium hydride and magnesium chloride react with water, releasing a lot of heat, which may cause fire and explosion. 3. Flammable liquids that are lighter than water and insoluble in water shall not be extinguished with water in principle.
4. Hot metal and molten steel cannot be put out with water. Because the temperature of molten steel is about 1600℃, water vapor can decompose hydrogen and oxygen above 1000℃, which may cause explosion.
5, three acids (sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid) can't use concentrated water, spray water can be used when necessary. 6, high voltage electrical equipment is on fire, in the absence of good equipment grounding or without cutting off the current, generally can't use water to put out the fire.
Eight, the fire should follow the 1, smoke prevention "three rescues" principle. Cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel for 3-8 layers (only 3-5 minutes). If there are no conditions, you can sprinkle urine on your clothes to prevent smoking.
2. Grasp the direction and escape. When a fire breaks out, it is the best choice to use stairs, evacuation passages and open stairs with weak smoke or unburned fire to escape.
But when the environment is opaque or unfamiliar, get up from the ground to find the wall, follow the wall to find the door (clockwise or counterclockwise) and escape from the door. 3. Use tools to escape. For fires below the third floor, use ropes in time (or tear windows and sheets into long strips), and tie them firmly to objects that can bear loads, such as water pipes or heating pipes. The other end hangs from the window to the ground or the lower balcony, and then slide down along the ropes to escape from the fire.
Fire on the 4th-6th floors can be escaped with fire hydrants. Nine, the specific content of the "72-word formula" for fire escape is familiar with the environment and easy to find the exit; If a fire is found, call the police early; Stay calm and flee in an orderly manner; Simple protection, prostrate and bend; Carefully enter the elevator and transfer to the corridor; Slow down and escape, not wait to rely on; The fire has burned you, don't run; It is better to stick to it if you are trapped indoors; Escape from a dangerous place, neither greedy nor noisy.
2. Primary school fire safety knowledge
Primary school students should know some simple fire knowledge, and the fire alarm telephone number 1 19 is the most basic. Correct alarm method: 1, detailed fire; What are the obvious architectural signs next to it? 2. Flammable substances; (oil, electricity, others) 3. The size of the fire; (Is it just now, is it old or dying? ) 4. Are there any people trapped? 5. Name and telephone number of the alarm person. Second, simple emergency treatment, such as gas leakage at home, should know how to deal with it; The right way. 1, open the window for ventilation. Note: Don't turn on the light, because the switch will produce an electric spark, which will explode if the concentration is high. Don't make a phone call, the mobile phone will also have static electricity. 3. Basic knowledge of water, electricity and fire Water can put out fires, but not all fires can use water; For example: oil, as well as charged equipment at home, the cooking oil pan at home is on fire, so it can be directly covered with a pot cover; Asphyxiation and fire extinguishing. You can also put some vegetables in the pot to lower the oil temperature and reduce the fire. Never add water, it will wash away the oil and contain fire; Fourth, know some signs of fire; Safety exit; Guide people to escape after the fire; If there is a fire anywhere, keep calm, don't run around with the crowd and use the safety exit to escape. Never take the elevator. The elevator may lose power at any time. Don't take the escalator, the fire shutter may land at any time. Follow the stairs and evacuate to a safe place quickly.
3. Children's fire safety knowledge
1, matches, lighters are not toys, once found, tell adults or teachers; Don't tamper with household appliances, gas, stove switches, etc. 3. Fireworks and firecrackers shall be set off under the supervision of adults, and shall not be set off separately; 4. In case of fire, immediately notify the adults present or other adults, and leave the fire quickly, and don't put out the fire to avoid injury; 5. Understand the fire evacuation methods of kindergartens and families; 6. When passing through a smoky fire, walk or crawl in a low posture, don't take a deep breath, and cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel; 7. Once it catches fire, stop immediately, lie down and roll on the spot, and don't run around; 8. When trapped in a fire, you should call "1 19" to ask the fire brigade for help.
4. How to let children learn fire protection knowledge?
Children have a strong thirst for knowledge and curiosity. They are always curious about the shining fire and always like to stare with their eyes wide open.
Often because of curiosity and playfulness, a small fire becomes a disaster and an irreparable tragedy. Therefore, it is necessary to master the correct teaching methods and skills for children, and inspire and educate children to master and remember some fire prevention knowledge.
(1) play games. It is children's nature to play and play games. Putting some fire prevention knowledge into the game will often get unexpected results.
Parents can practice escape with their children, teach them how to bend over, how to cover their nose and mouth with wet towels, and simulate calling 1 19 with their children. (2) Learn by telling children stories and reciting children's songs.
With the popularization of People's Republic of China (PRC) Fire Protection Law and other laws and regulations, the society attaches importance to fire protection work, and popular science books and cartoon pictures for children are gradually increasing in the market. Parents and friends can read more books in this field, hold some materials in their hands, and educate their children in the form of telling stories and singing nursery rhymes. Educated children can kill two birds with one stone by taking them directly to study. (3) field trip.
At present, there are fire prevention publicity and education bases all over the country. Parents and school teachers can organize students to visit and study there, so that children can learn practical fire prevention knowledge, strengthen their understanding of fire safety, and really let children know about fire prevention, fire prevention and fire prevention. Usually, parents can also take their children to some big hotels and shopping malls to tell them which exit signs, which evacuation signs and which evacuation routes are.
(4) Actively use the transfer method. Every child has a strong psychology and likes adults to praise them for being good and smart. For some knowledge that needs to be remembered, such as dialing "1 19", be sure to clarify your home address and telephone number. And you can compare with your children to see who can recite quickly, remember well, and sometimes pretend to lose, so as to arouse their enthusiasm for continuing their studies.
Of course, there are various methods. In the process of educating children, parents and friends can choose one or more of them according to the situation, or they can try some new methods themselves, but the key is to let children really learn fire protection knowledge and put an end to potential safety hazards.
5. Primary school students' knowledge of fire prevention, short
1, basic requirements: pupils are not allowed to play with fire. First, don't bring kindling such as matches or lighters; Second, it is not allowed to ignite at will, and it is forbidden to use fire for flammable and explosive materials; Third, it is not allowed to set off firecrackers in public places and throw lit firecrackers around. At the scene of the fire, primary school students and other minors should adhere to the principle of escaping first.
2. Fire treatment methods
If there is a fire at home, don't panic, and take corresponding measures in time according to the fire: if the oil pan catches fire while cooking, quickly cover the lid tightly so that the oil fire in the pan is extinguished due to lack of oxygen, and it is not allowed to be extinguished with water.
When a fire breaks out indoors, doors and windows cannot be easily opened to avoid air convection and form a large-scale fire.
When paper, wood and cloth catch fire, water can be used to put out the fire. When electrical appliances, gasoline, alcohol and cooking oil catch fire, earth, sand and mud and dry powder fire extinguishers can be used to put out the fire.
If the fire is very big, you must report the fire immediately. When you are trapped by fire, you should take different methods to escape according to different situations. If you lean down, cover your nose with a damp cloth.
3. How to call the police in case of fire?
If a fire is found, the most important thing is to call the police, so as to put out the fire in time, control the fire and reduce the losses caused by the fire. The telephone number of the fire alarm is 1 19. This figure should be kept in mind. In any part of the country, the telephone number for reporting fire to the public security fire department is the same. According to this figure, 1 1.9 is designated as the fire safety day every year. You can't call the fire alarm at will. It is illegal to lie about a fire alarm and disturb public order. When there is no telephone, you should shout loudly or take other measures to attract the attention of neighbors and pedestrians, and assist in fire fighting or alarm.
4. How to get out of danger correctly in case of fire?
In case of fire, correct and effective methods should be taken to save oneself and escape, so as to reduce the loss of personal injury and death:
1) Once threatened by fire, don't panic, calmly determine your position, and judge the fire according to the surrounding smoke, light and temperature, and don't act blindly.
2) In the bungalow, if the fire around the door is not big, you should leave the fire quickly. On the other hand, you must choose another exit to escape (such as jumping out of the window) or take protective measures (such as soaking clothes with water, wrapping your head and upper body with warm quilts, etc.). ) before leaving the fire.
3) If you find a fire in a building, don't blindly open the doors and windows, otherwise it may lead to a fire.
4) If you are in a building, don't run around blindly, let alone jump off a building to escape, which will cause undue casualties. You can hide in the room or on the balcony. Close the doors and windows, cut off the fire road and wait for rescue. Conditional, can continue to water the doors and windows to cool down, in order to delay the spread of the fire.
5) In a burning building, don't use the elevator to escape, but take the stairs through the fire escape. Because the elevator shaft often becomes a channel for setting off fireworks after a fire. And the elevator may break down at any time.
6) If the fire is too fierce and you need to jump off a building to escape, you can jump off the second floor, but you should choose a soft ground. At the same time, throw the bedding upstairs to increase the cushion of the ground, and then slide down the window, so as to minimize the falling height and let the feet land first.
7) If you are sure, you can tie one end of the rope (or tear the sheets together) to the window frame and then slide down the ground along the rope.
8) When running away. Try to take protective measures, such as covering your nose and mouth with a wet towel and wrapping your body with wet clothes.
6. How to teach children fire safety knowledge
Method 1: Play games.
It is children's nature to love to play and play games, and it is often unexpected to incorporate some fire prevention knowledge into the game. Parents can practice escape with their children, teach them how to bend over, how to cover their nose and mouth with wet towels, and simulate a fire with their children (remember not to dial "1 19" directly. )
The second method is to tell children stories and recite children's songs. With the popularization of the Fire Protection Law and other laws and regulations, the society attaches great importance to fire protection work, and there are more and more popular books and comic pictures on fire protection for children in the market. Parents and friends can read more books on this subject, master some materials and teach them by telling stories and singing children's songs. Literate children can take them directly to study, not only to teach children to read and read, but also to teach children fire prevention knowledge, killing two birds with one stone.
Method 3: Active mobilization method. Every child has a strong psychology and likes adults to praise them for being good and smart. For some knowledge that needs to be memorized, such as the home address and telephone number that must be clearly stated when dialing "1 19", you can compete with your children to see who can recite quickly and remember well, and sometimes you can pretend that you have lost, so as to arouse their enthusiasm.
There are many ways for children to learn. Here are just a few of them. In the process of educating children, parents and friends can choose one or more of them according to the situation, or they can try new methods themselves, but the key is to let children really learn fire protection knowledge. There is also a catchy ballad here, which allows you to learn fire fighting knowledge while playing with your children.
Fire songs & songs that hit the fire and run away, don't be greedy for things and bags; Usually master the escape method and be familiar with the route. If you are threatened by getting wet, you should find a safe exit; It is most important to cover your nose with a wet towel through the thick smoke sticking to the ground.
Don't run when there is a fire, roll on the spot to suppress the flame; In case of fire, abandon the ladder and escape to the emergency exit. The outdoor fire door is hot and you can't escape by it; In order to prevent the fire from entering the room, soak the bedding and block the door.
If the escape route is blocked, return to the room to send a signal; Waiting for rescue is the key, and firefighters are highly skilled.