In the early days of the founding of New China, in order to make the national primary education transition smoothly, the state changed the curriculum of ordinary primary schools, but there was no unified national education system. 1951August, the State Council issued a decree to reform the primary school system, stipulating that primary schools should implement a five-year consistent system. 1952 The Ministry of Education issued the Temporary Teaching Plan for Primary Schools in the Fourth and Second Old Schools.

In February, 65438, the Ministry of Education promulgated the "Elementary School Arithmetic Syllabus (Draft)" and "Elementary School Abacus Arithmetic Syllabus (Draft)", which provided reference for the unified teaching of elementary school arithmetic in China. After that, the education circle began to study the Soviet Union in an all-round way, abandoned the original primary school curriculum system and replaced the "curriculum standard" with "syllabus".

From 65438 to 0956, the Ministry of Education promulgated the Syllabus of Chinese, Arithmetic, History, Geography, Nature, Singing, Painting and Physical Education for Primary Schools, which was the first unified syllabus for primary schools after the founding of New China.

In a word, the revision of the syllabus in the early days of the founding of New China adopted the Soviet syllabus model, without inheriting the favorable factors in the curriculum standards and syllabus in the Republic of China and the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, which made the syllabus appear various inadaptability in the implementation process.

174 in addition, influenced by the experience of standardization and unification in the Soviet Union, the syllabus pays attention to the detailed and unified provisions on the scope, main points, order and teaching methods of the teaching content, which is not conducive to the flexible handling of the teaching process and the creative play of teachers.

During the period of 1957- 1965, with the deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations, many problems caused by the previous primary school curriculum reform that copied the experience of the Soviet Union should be corrected.

From 65438 to 0958, the "Great Leap Forward" climax of industrial and agricultural production was set off all over the country, which influenced and triggered the "Great Education Revolution" in the field of education, and had an important impact on primary school education and teaching, such as arbitrary deletion of curriculum content, self-made teaching materials and frequent changes in teaching syllabus.

The People's Daily published an editorial saying: "It is an urgent task to carry out major reforms in teaching plans, syllabuses and textbooks."

In order to draw lessons from the "Great Education Revolution", in 196 1, the Ministry of Education carried out experiments on primary school teaching reform throughout the country and formulated a new primary school syllabus based on the principle of "adjustment, consolidation, enrichment and improvement".

After extensive investigation and study, 1963 promulgated the "Provisional Regulations on Full-time Primary Schools (Draft)" (referred to as "Forty Articles for Primary Schools" for short), and revised the syllabus of Chinese, Arithmetic, History, Geography and other subjects in primary schools according to this regulation.

It can be said that the outline of 1963 has re-established the nature and tasks of primary school subjects; Enriched the teaching content and improved the teaching requirements accordingly; Strengthen the teaching of "double basics" and emphasize more reading and practice.