Learning theory is a branch of pedagogy and educational psychology, which describes or explains the types and processes of human and animal learning and the conditions for effective learning. Learning theory is a psychological theory to explore the essence of human learning and the formation of wit. It pays attention to the essence, process, motivation, methods and strategies of learning.

Learning theory is mainly divided into two theoretical systems: learning theory mainly includes behaviorism learning theory, cognitive learning theory, constructivist learning theory and humanistic learning theory. Behaviorism: Learning is regarded as the establishment of the connection between stimulus and response (S-R), and it is a trial and error process. The representatives are Thorndike and Skinner. Cognitive theory: Learning is an understanding or epiphany of situations and a change of cognitive structure. Since the late 1960s, the two theoretical systems have tended to be close. For example, Gagne's cumulative learning theory and Bandura's social learning theory are considered to contain these two theories.