After that, on the fifth day of May every year, there is the custom of dragon boat racing, eating zongzi and drinking realgar wine. In memory of the patriotic poet Qu Yuan.
Commemorating Wu Zixu.
The second legend of the Dragon Boat Festival, which spread in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, commemorates Wu Zixu in the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC). Wu Zixu, a famous Chu national, and his father and brother were all killed by the King of Chu. Later, Zixu abandoned the dark and went to Wu to help Wu to attack Chu, and entered the capital city of Chu in the Five Wars. At that time, King Chu Ping was already dead. Zixu dug a grave and whipped 300 bodies to avenge his father's murder. After the death of He Lu, the king of Wu, his son Fu Cha succeeded to the throne. Wu Jun's morale was high and he was defeated by Yue. Gou Jian, the King of Yue, made peace, and Fu Cha agreed. Zi Xu suggested the complete elimination of Yue, but Fu Cha didn't listen. Wu was massacred and bought by the state of Yue. He was framed by slanderers. Fu Cha believed him and gave him a sword. Zi Xu died. Zixu, a loyal minister, feels like death. Before he died, he said to his neighbors, "After I die, I will gouge out my eyes and hang them on the east gate of Jason Wu, watching the Vietnamese army enter the city and destroy Wu." Then he killed himself. Fu Cha was furious after hearing this. On May 5th, he wrapped Zixu's body in leather and threw it into the river. Therefore, it is said that the Dragon Boat Festival is also a day to commemorate Wu Zixu.
In memory of the dutiful daughter Cao E.
The third legend of Dragon Boat Festival is to commemorate the filial daughter Cao E who saved her drowning father in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 23-220). Cao E was a native of Shangyu in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Her father drowned in the river and didn't see her body for several days. At that time, Cao E, the filial daughter, was only fourteen years old, crying day and night by the river. 17 days later, he also threw himself into the river on May 5, and fished out his father's body five days later. This was passed down as a myth, and then to the governor of the county government, who made it a monument for disciple Han Danchun to make a eulogy.
The tomb of the filial daughter is in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province today, and there is a monument made by Jin. Later, in order to commemorate Cao E's filial piety, Cao E Temple was built where Cao E threw himself into the river. The village where she lived was renamed Cao E Town, and the place where Cao E died was named Cao E River.
Totem sacrifice originated from the ancient Yue nationality.
A large number of cultural relics unearthed in modern times and archaeological studies have confirmed that in the Neolithic age, there was a cultural relic with geometric prints and pottery ruins in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. According to experts' inference, the remaining clan is Baiyue clan, a clan that worships dragon totem in history. The decorative patterns and historical legends on unearthed pottery show that they have the custom of tattooing constantly, live in a water town and compare themselves to the descendants of dragons. Among its production tools, there are a large number of stone tools, as well as small bronzes such as shovels and chisels. As daily necessities, the printed pottery ding used for cooking food is unique to them and is one of the symbols of their ethnic group. Until the Qin and Han Dynasties, there were still more than 100 Vietnamese people, and the Dragon Boat Festival was a festival for their ancestors. During thousands of years of historical development, most Baiyue people have integrated into the Han nationality, and the rest have evolved into many ethnic minorities in the south. Therefore, the Dragon Boat Festival has become a festival for the whole Chinese nation.
There are many opinions about the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival, such as: in memory of Qu Yuan; In memory of Wu Zixu's theory; In memory of Cao E; From the three generations of summer solstice festival; The theory of exorcising evil days on the moon, the theory of national totem sacrifice in wuyue and so on. Each of the above has its own source. According to more than 100 ancient books and archaeological studies by experts listed in Wen Yiduo's Dragon Boat Festival Examination and Dragon Boat Festival History Education, the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is a totem festival held by Wuyue people in the ancient south of China, earlier than Qu Yuan. However, for thousands of years, Qu Yuan's patriotic spirit and touching poems have been deeply rooted in people's hearts, so people "cherish it and mourn it, talk about it in the world, and tell it through the ages." Therefore, the theory of commemorating Qu Yuan has the widest and deepest influence and occupies the mainstream position. In the field of folk culture, China people associate dragon boat racing and eating zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival with commemorating Qu Yuan.
The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is a traditional folk festival in China-Dragon Boat Festival, which is one of the ancient traditional festivals of the Chinese nation. The Dragon Boat Festival is also called Dragon Boat Festival and Duanyang. Celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional habit of China people for more than 2,000 years. It has a vast territory, many nationalities and many stories and legends.
One legend is that Qu Yuan, a patriotic poet, advocated the use of talents and empowerment to make him rich, and urged him to unite against Qin. He was strongly opposed by the noble Zilan and was driven out of the capital. In 278 BC, Qin Jun conquered Kyoto of Chu. Seeing that his motherland was invaded, Qu Yuan was heartbroken, but he was always reluctant to give up his motherland. On May 5th, after writing his masterpiece Huai Sha, he died in Miluo River and wrote a magnificent patriotic movement with his own life.
Legend has it that after Qu Yuan's death, the people of Chu were so sad that they flocked to the Miluo River to pay homage to Qu Yuan. The fisherman paddled the boat and fished for his real body back and forth on the river. A fisherman took out rice balls, eggs and other foods prepared for Qu Yuan and threw them into the river, saying that ichthyosaurs, shrimps and crabs were full and would not bite the doctor. People followed suit after seeing it. An old doctor took an altar of realgar wine and poured it into the river, saying that he would stun the dragon water beast with medicine so as not to hurt Dr. Qu. Later, people were afraid that rice balls would be eaten by dragons, so they came up with the idea of wrapping rice with neem leaves, then wrapping it with colored silk, and then developing brown seeds.
After that, on the fifth day of May every year, there is the custom of dragon boat racing, eating zongzi and drinking realgar wine. In memory of the patriotic poet Qu Yuan.
Origin of the Dragon Boat Festival: There are many opinions about the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival, such as: in memory of Qu Yuan; In memory of Wu Zixu's theory; In memory of Cao E; From the three generations of summer solstice festival; The theory of exorcising evil days on the moon, the theory of national totem sacrifice in wuyue and so on. Each of the above has its own source. According to more than 100 ancient books and archaeological studies by experts listed in Wen Yiduo's Dragon Boat Festival Examination and Dragon Boat Festival History Education, the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is a totem festival held by Wuyue people in the ancient south of China, earlier than Qu Yuan. However, for thousands of years, Qu Yuan's patriotic spirit and touching poems have been deeply rooted in people's hearts, so people "cherish it and mourn it, talk about it in the world, and tell it through the ages." Therefore, the theory of commemorating Qu Yuan has the widest and deepest influence and occupies the mainstream position. In the field of folk culture, China people associate dragon boat racing and eating zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival with commemorating Qu Yuan.
Dragon Boat Festival custom: Hanging a clock to catch ghosts is the custom of Dragon Boat Festival. In the Jianghuai area, every family hangs clocks to ward off evil spirits.
Emperor Kaiyuan of Tang Dynasty returned to the palace from Lishan, and malaria was rampant. He dreamed that two drag bottles, one big and one small, were wearing red crotch-less pants and barefoot, stealing Yang Guifei's sachet and the Jade Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Run around the temple. GREAT GHOST is wearing a blue robe, a blue hat and bare feet. Catch the kid, gouge out his eyes and swallow one. Ming Taizu, He Wen, GREAT GHOST, and the minister, Zhong Kui, are willing to exorcise evil spirits for your majesty. When the emperor woke up, he recovered from malaria and became a painter, Wu Daozi. According to what I saw in my dream, I drew an image of Zhong Kui catching ghosts and ordered all people to post it on the Dragon Boat Festival to exorcise evil spirits.
Hanging wormwood leaves and calamus: hanging wormwood leaves in the hall, cutting them into the shape of an Eric tiger or cutting the ribbon to make a tiger, and sticking them on it, so that women can compete to wear them to drive away evil spirits. Using calamus as a sword and inserting it on the couch has the magical effect of exorcising ghosts. On Duanyang Festival, every household uses calamus, mugwort leaves, pomegranate flowers, garlic and dragon boat flowers to make human figures, which are called Ai people. Eating calamus can live forever, and it can live forever. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty wanted to be a master and once ate calamus for two years.
Dragon Boat Race: At that time, Chu people were reluctant to part with the death of Saint Qu Yuan, so many people rowed boats to save them. This is the origin of dragon boat race, and then rowed dragon boats every May 5 to commemorate it. Rowing a dragon boat to disperse the fish in the river so as not to eat Qu Yuan's body. The habit of competition prevailed in wuyue and Chu.
You Zhou Tournament began in Taiwan Province Province in the 29th year of Qing Qianlong, when Jiang, then the magistrate of Taiwan Province Province, held a friendly match in Hexi Half Moon Pool in Tainan City. At present, boat races are held in Taiwan Province Province on May 5th every year, and there are boat races in Hong Kong. Recently, the British have followed our example and organized ghost teams to hold competitions.
According to Wen Yiduo, a famous patriotic scholar in modern times, the Dragon Boat Festival was originally a totem festival held by Wuyue people, and the dragon boat race was a semi-religious ceremony. Semi-entertaining programs. "
Four or five thousand years ago, people living in water tribes in primitive totem society were threatened by snakes, insects, diseases and floods. In order to resist these natural disasters, they worship the imaginary powerful dragon as their ancestor and protector (totem), and build the boat into the shape of a dragon and draw a dragon pattern, and hold a competition every year on the Dragon Boat Festival. In order to show respect for the dragon, he also said that he is a descendant of the dragon, a descendant of the dragon.
Eating zongzi: On May 5th, people in Jingchu cooked glutinous rice or steamed zongzi cakes and threw them into the river as sacrifices to Qu Yuan, so they threw the glutinous rice in bamboo tubes for fear of being eaten by fish. Later, they gradually replaced the bamboo tube with rice wrapped in zongzi leaves.
Drink realgar wine: Realgar is a mineral containing arsenic trioxide, which is mixed with wine for drinking. That is to say, the realgar wine with repellent and detoxification is applied to the child's head and forehead. Ears, nose, hands, feet and heart. Sprinkle the wall and ask, attack the law with poison. The story of "Legend of the White Snake" circulated among the people is to cure the snake's poison with realgar wine, and now the true colors of the white snake are revealed. This kind of learning is very popular among people in the Yangtze River valley.
Wandering all diseases: it is a popular custom of Dragon Boat Festival in Guizhou. Men, women and children go out to play and wear new clothes. At noon 1 o, the roads, mountains and trees are crowded with people, holding flowers and plants, and they are happy. Go home at night to cook flowers and take a bath. Old people call it "a tour of all diseases" and "a wash of all diseases". People who don't go out for a walk and don't wash all their illnesses will not be lucky all year round.
Wearing sachets: Children wear sachets during the Dragon Boat Festival, which not only means to ward off evil spirits and drive away epidemics, but also has decorative styles on the front. Cinnabar is hidden in a sachet. Realgar. Aromatherapy medicine, wrapped in silk, is full of fragrance, and then tied into a rope with five-color silk strings to make a series of different shapes, all kinds of exquisite and dazzling.
The fifth day of the fifth lunar month, commonly known as "Dragon Boat Festival". "Five" is connected with "noon", and "five" is also a positive number, so the Dragon Boat Festival is also called Dragon Boat Festival, Chongwu, Duanyang and Zhongtian. This is a traditional festival of Han nationality in China. The necessary activities of this day gradually evolved into: eating zongzi, dragon boat racing, hanging calamus and mugwort leaves, smoking Atractylodes rhizome and angelica dahurica, and drinking realgar wine. It is said that eating zongzi and dragon boat racing is to commemorate Qu Yuan, so after liberation, the Dragon Boat Festival was named "Poet's Day" to commemorate Qu Yuan. As for hanging calamus, wormwood leaves, smoked atractylodes rhizome and angelica dahurica, drinking realgar wine is said to suppress evil spirits. Although the Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated every year, its origin is not very clear. To sum up, there are roughly the following statements.
One of the origins of Dragon Boat Festival: in memory of Qu Yuan. This theory originated from the records of Wu Jun's "Continuation of Qi and Harmony" in the Southern Liang Dynasty and "Time of Jingchu" in the Northern Zhou Dynasty. It is said that Qu Yuan threw himself into the river on the fifth day of May. Trapped by mosquitoes and dragons after death, the world mourned. Every day, he throws five-color silk zongzi into the water to drive away the dragon. It is also said that after Qu Yuan threw himself into the river, the local people immediately rowed to rescue him, and all the way to Dongting Lake, but Qu Yuan's body was not found. It was raining at that time, and the boats on the lake gathered at the pavilion on the shore. When people learned that it was to salvage the sage Dr. Qu, they went out in the rain and rushed into the vast Dongting Lake. In order to mourn, people rowed on rivers, and later it gradually developed into a dragon boat race. Eating zongzi and racing dragon boats on the Dragon Boat Festival seems to be related to commemorating Qu Yuan, as evidenced by Wen Xiu's poem Dragon Boat Festival in the Tang Dynasty. "The festival is divided into Dragon Boat Festival, and it is widely rumored that it is Qu Yuan through the ages. It is ridiculous that the Chu River is empty and cannot be washed directly. "
What is the origin of Dragon Boat Festival? River? Is turbulence 4 party far away? What happened? Bath? Four baths? Shout at? ┒? Le? The scar of turmoil? Gallery tax Ф? Le? Depending on the Song Dynasty?
The third origin of the Dragon Boat Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival. This statement comes from Wen Yiduo's Dragon Boat Festival Examination and Dragon Boat Festival History Education. He believed that the fifth day of May was the day when the "Dragon" tribe in ancient wuyue held totem worship for their ancestors. The main reasons are as follows: (1) Eating zongzi and dragon boat racing are the two most important activities of the Dragon Boat Festival, both of which are related to dragons. Zongzi thrown into the water is often stolen by dragons, and dragon boat races. (2) The relationship between race crossing and ancient wuyue is particularly deep. Besides, Wuyue people have the custom of tattooing constantly to look like a dragon. (3) The ancient folk custom of "tying the arm with colored silk" on the fifth day of May should be a relic of the tattoo custom of "Like a dragon".
The fourth origin of Dragon Boat Festival: Bad Day Theory. According to Historical Records, Tian Wensheng of Meng Changjun was born on the fifth day of May. His father once told his mother to abandon Tian Wen on the grounds that the child born on this day would kill his father. There is also a saying in "Yi Tong Customs" in the Eastern Han Dynasty that "having a baby on May 5th, the male harms the father and the female harms the mother". Wang Zhene, a general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was born on the fifth day of May. His grandfather named him "Zhen Xie". Zhao Ju, from Song Huizong, was born on the fifth day of May, and was fostered outside the palace since childhood. It can be seen that it is a common phenomenon to regard the fifth day of May as an evil day in ancient times. In this way, it is logical to insert calamus and mugwort leaves to exorcise ghosts, smoke atractylodes rhizome and angelica dahurica and drink realgar wine to avoid the epidemic on this day.
The fifth origin of Dragon Boat Festival: summer solstice theory. Liu Deqian, who holds this view, put forward three main reasons in The Origin of Dragon Boat Festival and Interesting Talk about Traditional Festivals in China: (1) The authoritative book The Story of the Years of Jingchu did not mention the festival custom of eating zongzi on the fifth day of May, but was written on the solstice festival in summer. As for the race, Du Taiqing's Jade Candle Collection in Sui Dynasty listed it as an entertainment activity from summer to the sun, which shows that it is not necessarily to salvage Qu Yuan, a great poet who threw himself into the river. (2) Some contents in the custom of Dragon Boat Festival, such as "stepping on a hundred herbs", "fighting a hundred herbs" and "picking herbs", have nothing to do with Qu Yuan. (3) The first explanation of the Dragon Boat Festival in the famous book Year after Year is: "The sun is shining and it is in midsummer." In other words, Dragon Boat Festival is in summer, so it can also be called Mid-Autumn Festival. From this point of view, the earliest origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is the summer solstice.
There are many theories about the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival, and the theory of commemorating Qu Yuan is the most influential. Because of Qu Yuan's great personality and superb poetic skills, people are willing to attribute this anniversary to him.
Interviewee: anonymous 5-26 12:45
The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is a traditional folk festival in China-Dragon Boat Festival, which is one of the ancient traditional festivals of the Chinese nation. The Dragon Boat Festival is also called Dragon Boat Festival and Duanyang. In addition, there are many nicknames for the Dragon Boat Festival, such as: Noon Festival, Chongwu Festival, May Festival, Magnolia Festival, Daughter's Day, Tianzhong Festival, Dila Festival, Poet's Day and Dragon Boat Festival. Although the names are different, on the whole, the customs of people everywhere are more similar than different.
Celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival has been a traditional habit of China people for more than two thousand years. Due to the vast territory, numerous nationalities and numerous stories and legends, not only many different festival names are produced, but also different customs exist in different places. Its contents mainly include: daughter going back to her mother's house, hanging Zhong Kui statue, welcoming the ghost boat, hiding in the afternoon, sticking leaves in the afternoon, hanging calamus and wormwood, traveling in all diseases, wearing sachets, preparing sacrificial bowls, dragon boat races, competitions, hitting the ball, swinging, drawing children with realgar, drinking realgar wine, drinking calamus wine, eating poisonous cakes, salted eggs, zongzi and seasonal fresh fruits. Some activities, such as dragon boat racing, have made new progress, breaking through the boundaries of time and region and becoming international sports events.
There are many opinions about the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival, such as: in memory of Qu Yuan; In memory of Wu Zixu's theory; In memory of Cao E; From the three generations of summer solstice festival; The theory of exorcising evil days on the moon, the theory of national totem sacrifice in wuyue and so on. Each of the above has its own source. According to more than 100 ancient books and archaeological studies by experts listed in Wen Yiduo's Dragon Boat Festival Examination and Dragon Boat Festival History Education, the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is a totem festival held by Wuyue people in the ancient south of China, earlier than Qu Yuan. However, for thousands of years, Qu Yuan's patriotic spirit and touching poems have been deeply rooted in people's hearts, so people "cherish it and mourn it, talk about it in the world, and tell it through the ages." Therefore, the theory of commemorating Qu Yuan has the widest and deepest influence and occupies the mainstream position. In the field of folk culture, China people associate dragon boat racing and eating zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival with commemorating Qu Yuan.