Family education has been valued by people since ancient times, but it is only in recent years that it is studied as a subject in China. This is the development of the times, the demand for talents and the improvement of the overall quality of the people. This paper discusses the importance of family education to parents, aiming at making the family, society and education departments jointly undertake the task of educating the next generation. Human education is a systematic educational project, which includes family education, social education and collective education (kindergartens and schools), which are interrelated, organically combined, mutually influenced, interacted and restricted. It is impossible to leave any of these educational projects, but in this systematic project, family education is the foundation of all education. Suhomlinski, a famous educator in the former Soviet Union, once compared a child to a marble. He said that it takes six sculptors to shape this marble into a statue: 1, family; 2. school; 3. The collective to which the children belong; 4. Children themselves; 5. books; 6. Accidental factors. Judging from the arrangement order, the family ranks first, which shows that the family plays an important role in shaping children and occupies a considerable position in the minds of educators. So it is necessary for parents to understand the importance of family education.
Family education is the starting point and basic point of educating people.
Family education generally refers to the process in which parents and their adults educate their minor children. Its educational goal should be: to ensure the healthy development of children's body and mind before entering the society to receive collective education (kindergarten and school education), and to lay a good foundation for receiving kindergarten and school education. After children enter the park, they cooperate with kindergartens and schools to make them develop morally, intellectually, physically, aesthetically and laboriously. The focus of education is to pay attention to moral education, cultivate children's good moral quality and develop good behavior habits, including living habits, work habits and study habits. And teach children how to learn to be human. Compared with school education and social education, family education has the following characteristics:
(A) early family education
Family is the cradle of children's life, the first place for children to receive education after birth, that is, the first classroom in life; Parents are the children's first teachers, that is, the first teachers. Therefore, parents' education for their children is the earliest. Generally speaking, after three years of development, children enter early childhood, from 3 to 6 years old is preschool, which is often called early education stage, which is an important period for people's physical and mental development. There is an old proverb in China:
"Dyed in the sky will be weak, and dyed yellow will be yellow." Childhood is the beginning of life edification, and many basic abilities of people are formed at this age, such as language expression, basic movements and certain living habits, and personality is gradually formed. American psychologist Bloom believes that if a person's intelligence development is 100% at the age of 17, it will reach 50% at the age of 4. 4-8 years old increased by 30%, and 8- 17 years old increased by 20%.
It can be seen that children's intellectual development is the fastest before the age of 5, and it is also the best period for early intellectual development. If parents carry out good family education during this period, it will be the key to children's early intellectual development. Throughout the ages, many people with lofty ideals and effective celebrities have received good family education in their childhood, which is an important reason for their success in the future. For example, Goethe, a great German poet and playwright, succeeded because of his early family education. When Goethe was 2-3 years old, his father took him to the countryside for an outing to observe nature and cultivate Goethe's observation ability. At the age of 3-4, his father taught him to sing, recite ballads and tell fairy tales, and specially asked him to give a speech in front of everyone to cultivate his oral English. These conscious education made Goethe optimistic, willing to think and good at learning. Goethe was able to read books in French, German, English, Italian, Latin and Greek at the age of 8, wrote plays at the age of 65,438+04, and wrote a well-known European poem "The Trouble of Young Werther" at the age of 25. Another example is the growth process of the famous ancient "father and son calligraphers" Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi, the great inventor Edison with more than 1350 inventions, the literary superstar Guo Moruo, Mao Dun and other celebrities, which shows the importance of family education to early intellectual development. On the contrary, in many cases, the normal development of intelligence is affected by people's lack of good family education in childhood. For example, kamala, an Indian "wolf child", was captured by wolves at the age of 8, but his life habits were different from those of people. His living habits are similar to those of wolves, crawling on all fours, eating raw meat and walking at night. Later, after manual training, he was able to stand after two years, walk like a human after six years, and learned six words in four years. 65,438+07 years old, with improved intelligence. According to China Women's Daily, a worker surnamed Ma in Nanjing, China, was afraid of persecution of his children because of mental illness. He locked his three children at home from childhood and kept them out of contact with the outside world for more than ten years, which led to their mental retardation and slow speech. Compared with their peers, they are quite different in intelligence and living ability, close to idiots. Therefore, the early role of family education can not be ignored.
Continuity of family education
The second characteristic of family education is continuity. After the child is born, he lives at home for almost 2/3 of the time and is educated by his parents all day. This kind of education is carried out intentionally or unintentionally, planned and unplanned, consciously or unconsciously. No matter how and when education is carried out, it is parents who influence their children with their words and deeds anytime and anywhere. This kind of education is constantly influencing and demonstrating children's living habits, moral conduct and manners. Its subtle function is quite great. As a person lives, it can be said that it is never too old to learn, so some educators call parents lifelong teachers. This kind of lifelong education often reflects the family style of a family, and the quality of the family style often lasts for several generations, and this family style is often related to the occupations of family members. Such as: Xinglin family, Liyuan family, education family and so on. At the same time, family style reflects the style of study of a family, and the quality of the style of study often lasts for several generations, ten generations and dozens of generations. For example, in modern China, Wuxi Gong Yanren supplemented the Selected Works of the Palace Museum in the late Qing Dynasty. According to statistics, there were 1 14 top scholars from the third year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty to the thirtieth year of Guangxu, including many uncles, such as Suzhou Miao, Wu, Pan, Changshu Weng, Jiang, Zhejiang and Cha. It can be seen that the continuity of family education often has an important impact on the rise of talent groups. This situation is more prominent in ancient and modern times. Nowadays, with the development of science, the increase of social demand and unemployment, people choose a wide range of jobs. It is impossible for all members of a family to engage in the same job, but it is not uncommon that some family members have made many achievements and been commended in their work, while others have committed crimes one after another. This has a lot to do with the continuity of family education.
(C) the threat of family education
The coercion of family education refers to the power and power shown by parents and elders to their children. The existence of family determines the blood relationship, upbringing relationship and emotional relationship between parents and children. Children have great dependence on their parents and elders in ethics and material needs, and the consistency of the fundamental interests of family members determines that parents have a greater restrictive effect on their children.
(D) infectious family education
The blood relationship between parents and children, and the natural and close kinship make parents' emotions and sorrows have a strong infectious effect on their children. Children often understand their parents' words and deeds and empathize with them. When dealing with the relationship and problems between people and things around them, children's attitude towards their parents can easily resonate.
When parents are happy, children will also participate in happiness. When parents show irritability and unhappiness, children's emotions are easily affected, even children. If parents are irrational, emotional and grumpy, they will let their children blindly absorb their weaknesses. When dealing with some emergencies, parents are at a loss and have a bad influence on their children; If parents are calm and firm, they will also make their children calm and calm, which will play a positive role in the cultivation of their psychological quality.
Timeliness of family education
The process of family education is the individual educational behavior of parents and elders in the family, which is more timely than kindergarten and school education. As the saying goes: knowing a son is like a father, knowing a woman is like a mother. Parents and children get along with each other day and night, and they can be said to know their situation like the back of their hand. Even a look and a smile can make parents understand. Therefore, as parents, we can grasp the child's psychological state at this moment in time through his every move, word and deed, find out the problems existing in the child, educate him in time, correct him in time, and prevent the problems from happening overnight, so that bad behavior habits can be eliminated in the bud.
Good family education is a necessary condition for training talents in 2 1 century.
The Outline of China Children's Development Plan in the 1990s points out: "Children are the masters in 2 1 century. Protecting and developing children from the bottom up is the basis of improving the quality of the population and the premise of human development. The healthy growth of children is related to the future and destiny of the motherland. Improve the quality of the whole nation and start with children. " And put forward: "In 2000, parents of 90% children (1under 4 years old) should master the knowledge of child care and education to varying degrees." This goal makes it clear that parents shoulder the heavy responsibility of cultivating talents for the country in the 2 1 century. Whether this generation of children can be cultivated into people with all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique and beauty is related to whether there are successors in the country for a hundred years. Froebel also said: "The fate of the country is not so much in the hands of those in power as in the hands of the mother." This sentence is very philosophical and profoundly highlights the role of parents in educating their children. Parents should first make clear the principle that the direction of education conforms to the interests of the state and the requirements of the people, and should not regard children as private property, but should establish the idea of being a national teacher and correct the purpose of education.
Good family education is a catalyst to optimize children's minds.
From infancy to infancy, with the growth of age, children will eventually enter the big society from the small family environment and get in touch with people and things outside the family. The truth, goodness, beauty, falsehood and ugliness in society come into children's field of vision from time to time, so it is not feasible for adults to adopt the method of isolation, because TV videos in the family will constantly reflect the reality of today's society from different angles, and the problems are both positive and negative. Children, especially young children, lack the rational ability to distinguish right from wrong, but they have more acute sensory ability than adults. But it also inevitably lets some murder, violence and absurd scenes enter the children's eyelids. Parents should guide these problems in time to improve their children's discrimination ability, and at the same time, they should always obey the rules, establish a positive image for their children, optimize their minds, and prevent their children from making mistakes and even breaking the law and discipline. Doing a good job in this area will help stabilize the small family environment. Family is the cell of society. Only with healthy cells can we have a sound body. If cells get sick, it will lead to physical illness. The ancients said: "home and self-cultivation, home and country, country and the world." This is a fact. Therefore, parents should do a good job in optimizing their children's thoughts, which will help stabilize society and the country.
In short, parents should fully realize the importance of family education, consciously do a good job in children's education, fulfill their responsibilities and obligations, train qualified construction talents for the country, and fulfill their responsibilities and obligations for children's success.