Research on the Course of Ecological Moral Education for College Students

Ada Tan Ying

(China Agricultural University, Beijing 100 193)

Based on domestic literature, this paper expounds the related concepts of ecological moral education, analyzes the present situation and characteristics of ecological moral education research in China, and points out that the research on ecological moral education for college students in China is still insufficient, especially in college courses, so as to promote the concrete implementation of ecological moral education in colleges and universities in China.

Ecological morality; Educational courses; Summary of research

First, the related concepts of ecological moral education are studied.

1, Study on Ecological Moral Connotation

Ecological morality, also known as environmental morality, is the core content of ecological ethics (environmental ethics) research. The academic circles have defined the meaning of ecological morality from different angles. Although there are different expressions, most of them have one thing in common, that is, ecological morality is aimed at the relationship between man and nature and is the result of the extension and expansion of traditional morality to the natural ecological field. Yang Run believes that environmental morality is the third kind of morality after ethics and social morality, which is used to scientifically adjust the relationship between human environment and society and make it develop healthily and harmoniously. [1] Jason Wu believes that environmental morality is essentially a kind of moral conscience, which is produced in the process of the survival and development of human society. It is an ethical norm to perceive and understand the survival value and rights of nature and others, aiming at restraining one's own material desires, being kind to the natural environment, coordinating the relationship between man and social environment and natural environment, and making man and the two environments coexist for a long time. [2]

2. Study on the connotation of ecological moral education.

Ecological moral education is an ecological education activity based on and guided by ecological ethics, which was born in the West in 1960s. The concepts of ecological moral education and environmental ethics education should be strictly distinguished, but they are mentioned here because ecological moral education was born on the theoretical basis of ecological ethics, and their common purpose is to cultivate and strengthen college students' understanding of ecology. Rao and Hua Qihe believe that ecological moral education is an educational activity to arouse the environmental awareness of the educated, make them understand the relationship between man and nature, develop the skills to solve environmental problems and establish correct environmental values. [3] Wang Shimin and Li Bo believe that eco-moral education is a new type of moral education activity, which means that educators, starting from the eco-moral concept of interdependence and harmonious coexistence between man and nature, guide the educated to enjoy nature and life better for the long-term interests of mankind, and consciously develop the consciousness of ecological protection, the ideology of caring for the natural environment and ecosystem and the corresponding moral civilization habits. [4] Zeng Jianping believes that the characteristics of environmental moral education: in terms of its directivity, environmental moral education is a kind of quality education and personality education; As far as its spatial nature is concerned, environmental moral education is a kind of social education and mass education; From the definition of time, environmental moral education is a comprehensive and continuous lifelong education. [5]

3. Research on curriculum connotation.

"Curriculum" can be said to be a complex concept with multiple levels and meanings. As Richard Scott, an American, said, "Curriculum is the most commonly used educational term and the worst defined term." Our common curriculum is defined as follows:

First, as a discipline, curriculum refers to the discipline included in the teaching plan and its position, order and time allocation in the teaching plan. This single view of curriculum was not changed until the vigorous development of curriculum research in the 1930s.

Second, think that the curriculum is the goal and purpose, such as thinking that the curriculum is a series of expected learning results with structure.

Thirdly, the curriculum is regarded as a plan, a plan or scheme of all the experiences that learners face under the guidance of the school. The focus of this curriculum view is how to establish curriculum objectives.

Fourth, think that the curriculum is the experience of learners, for example, think that the curriculum is all the experience gained by individual learners in an educational project. This view of curriculum mainly comes from Dewey's pragmatic education theory. [6]

Fifthly, the curriculum is regarded as an activity, as stated in the Encyclopedia of New Education in America: "The so-called curriculum refers to the sum of learners' learning activities under the guidance of school teachers. "This view of curriculum is not against subject curriculum, but that students can gain some knowledge and experience in activities other than teaching activities, which can not be tolerated and understood by traditional subject curriculum. So this part of the activity is also included in the meaning of the course.

4. Definition of the concept of eco-moral curriculum.

No scholars mentioned the concept of eco-moral curriculum, so I defined it according to the concepts of eco-morality, eco-moral education and curriculum: eco-moral curriculum is mainly based on schools, and schools are based on courses. It is a course designed to achieve the goal of ecological moral education, so that people can receive ecological moral education better and more comprehensively, thus having a deeper understanding of the ecological crisis existing in today's society, arousing the environmental awareness of the educated and understanding the relationship between man and nature.

Second, the general situation of ecological moral education for college students

1, the origin of ecological moral education

Since the 20th century, with the continuous emergence of advanced science and technology and the rapid growth of the world economy, the earth on which human beings depend has suffered unprecedented trauma, and a series of ecological crises have emerged: rapid population growth, over-exploitation of resources, and massive discharge of pollutants, resulting in global resource shortage, environmental pollution and ecological deterioration, and natural disasters have come one after another. With the deterioration of global environmental problems, the ecological crisis has attracted great attention from all countries in the world. Agenda 20 (2 1.992) published at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in June pointed out: "Education is the key to promoting sustainable development and improving people's ability to solve environmental and development problems. Education is indispensable for changing people's attitudes, cultivating environmental awareness and moral awareness, and cultivating values and attitudes, technologies and behaviors that are in line with sustainable development and effective public participation in decision-making. " Ecological moral education is a new moral education content born under this background. [7]

The research on ecological moral education in China started late, and it was not until the 1970s that environmental education was incorporated into primary and junior high school education. Educational theorists have pointed out that there are moral problems in the ecological environment, and it has been nearly ten years since the relationship between man and nature was brought into the moral education system. Professor Lu Jie's article "On the Natural Function of Moral Education" first attracted people's attention, which put forward the natural function of moral education. [8]

College students are a member of society, a special social group and the main force of the country's future construction. Therefore, while receiving higher education, they must also have strong ecological ethics consciousness and good ecological moral quality. Therefore, integrating ecological morality into school moral education is a long-term plan related to the survival and development of the Chinese nation.

2. The necessity and significance of strengthening college students' ecological moral education.

In recent years, with a series of ideas such as "protecting the ecological environment" and "sustainable development" deeply rooted in people's hearts, many related theoretical research papers have appeared, which makes people more fully realize the necessity of improving ecological moral education in colleges and universities. During this period, more than ten related articles have been published. [9]- [13] These articles all introduce the necessity of carrying out ecological moral education in colleges and universities, and point out that carrying out ecological moral education in colleges and universities is an inevitable requirement for realizing China's sustainable development and the development of the times.

In the sense of strengthening college students' ecological moral education, many scholars believe: "The core of college students' ecological moral education lies in cultivating ecological moral consciousness, emotion and behavior, so that they can correctly handle the relationship between man and nature. Through ecological moral education, the content of moral education for college students has been greatly expanded, and morality has been extended to nature, animals and plants and future generations of human beings, so that the relationship between man and nature and the relationship between contemporary people and the next generation have been repositioned. Ecological morality requires paying attention to the future interests of mankind and the harmony between man and nature. College students should treat the living environment of mankind with a high sense of responsibility. " [14]- [18] To carry out ecological moral education for college students is to make them deeply realize the beauty of nature, the preciousness of life and the importance of environmental education, make full use of their own ecological science knowledge and legal knowledge of ecological environment, learn to use legal means to safeguard their own ecological rights and interests, and consciously fulfill their responsibilities and obligations to protect the ecological environment.

3. The present situation of college students' ecological moral education.

Although the ecological moral education for college students in China started in the 1980s and invested a lot, the effect is not satisfactory. Experts from Yale University and Columbia University in the United States evaluated the environmental sustainable development of countries around the world and published the Report on Environmental Sustainable Development, ranking China 133. For a long time, the content of school moral education in China has been mainly organized around how to deal with the relationship between people, the collective and society, while the educational content of how to deal with the relationship between people and nature, including people and other creatures, has been relatively ignored. This one-sided moral education leads to students' lack of consistency in the identification of ecological value orientation, which is manifested in the separation of school ecological moral education from social environment, students' psychological needs and moral components. Extreme behaviors, such as Tsinghua gifted scholar Liu Haiyang throwing a bear with sulfuric acid and a college student roasting a pet dog, reflect the serious ecological and moral problems among college students. [19] The emergence of many problems can never be said to be accidental. It reflects from one side that there are still serious deficiencies in China's ecological moral education, which must be improved.

4. The current situation of ecological ethics courses for college students.

The purpose of setting up courses related to environmental moral education in colleges and universities is to expand students' environmental knowledge, understand the progress of environmental science, cultivate environmental protection skills and raise their awareness of environmental protection and sustainable development. Most of the articles talk about the current situation of the curriculum, but they are often touched upon here without much content. In the article "Theoretical Background Analysis of the Development of Ecological Moral Education for College Students in China" published by Zhao Yunfeng, it is considered that the ecological moral education for college students is still an extremely weak link, even a blank, except that some majors offer courses in environmental protection and teach some related majors, technologies and regulations. [20] Tian Tian mentioned in his master's thesis in 2008 that classroom education is an effective tool to achieve educational goals and objectives, which is mainly reflected in the process of education and teaching. Based on the investigation of the current situation of curriculum setting and implementation of environmental moral education in colleges and universities, it is found that there are some problems and shortcomings in the classroom education of environmental moral education in colleges and universities in China, such as insufficient attention, single teaching method and insufficient teachers. [20] The only comprehensive reference course is Song Jinxia's master's thesis in 2007. She mentioned that "various subjects can be taught in the classroom. On the one hand, professional courses can be set up to carry out systematic ecological moral education; On the other hand, college students are educated through the infiltration of subject teaching. " [2 1] She also pointed out specific related courses, such as college students' ecological moral cultivation, man and nature, and ecological values.

Third, a summary of the research status of ecological moral education for college students.

Characteristics of current research.

Through a brief introduction of the current situation of ecological moral education for college students in China, it is found that the development of ecological moral education for college students is a complex and arduous task, and its research status is closely related to the practical situation of ecological moral education for college students. When the ecological moral education of college students is promoted and developed in practice, the research has also been deepened to a certain extent.

With the 2 1 century agenda put forward, the theoretical research and practical exploration of ecological moral education in China have attracted attention. Since 1980s, some researchers have been paying attention to this topic. After 2 1 century, with the gradual deepening of practice and the influence of international factors, researchers and research results have increased to a certain extent. Driven by these reasons, ecological moral education in colleges and universities in China has shown a good development momentum. Theoretically, many universities and scholars began to explore how to educate college students on ecological morality and how to build a "green university". In practice, some schools carry out extracurricular practice to establish associations, and some schools carry out professional skills education aimed at cultivating environmental professionals. Objectively speaking, in recent years, the ecological moral education of college students in China has indeed made many achievements. However, there are indeed many problems in the ecological moral education of college students in China: the number of researchers and special studies is small; Literature is mainly translated and introduced, especially lacking specific ways to improve the present situation.

2. Future research direction.

Generally speaking, China has made a lot of achievements in the research of ecological moral education for college students, but there are also many regrets. First of all, it started late and the research time was short. There are few academic monographs in this field, and they are scattered. Some have not yet reached a consensus and have not yet formed a systematic and clear system. Secondly, in terms of research methods, it still stays from theory to theory, and there are not many in-depth investigations. Most of them are just general and difficult to operate, which leads to the disconnection between theory and practice. In colleges and universities, the main position of education is classroom education. Classroom is not only the basic carrier of knowledge transfer, but also an important medium to achieve educational goals. Because classroom education is based on curriculum, Dole, a professor at Louisiana State University, points out that curriculum is the core of education. Therefore, this paper hopes to design a complete set of teaching courses from the specific setting of college students' ecological moral education courses, which can penetrate into college students' ecological moral education more comprehensively and effectively, mobilize college students to care for, love and protect the environment, improve their ecological science knowledge and ecological moral consciousness, and cultivate their moral sense and sense of responsibility to protect and improve the environment.

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