First, the development model:
The famous representative of cognitive development moral education model is American psychologist and educator Kohlberg. He opposed the moral values of relativity and advocated the establishment of universal moral values. The form of moral judgment reflects the level of individual moral judgment. Moral judgment is different in content and form.
The content of moral judgment is the answer to moral questions, such as "should" or "shouldn't", "right" or "wrong". The so-called moral judgment form refers to the reasons for judgment and the reasoning methods involved in the interpretation process. The latter reflects the level of personal moral judgment. The form of individual moral judgment is constantly developing.
Second, the learning mode:
By emphasizing that observation learning is the basic learning method of behavior acquisition, people's complex behavior is formed through observation, imitation and cognitive process. Pay attention to the learning significance of reinforcement, and use external direct reinforcement to interact with vicarious reinforcement and self-internal reinforcement to improve students' learning effect.
Third, the understanding mode:
The moral education model of understanding or learning to care was formed in 1970s, which was created by British school moralist Peter Macphail and his colleagues, and became popular in Britain and North America. Different from the cognitive moral development model that emphasizes the development of moral cognition, the understanding model puts the cultivation of moral emotion at the center.