What is reading for children? What to read and how to read it. "

Content comes from

Head of Preschool Education Department, East China Normal University

Associate professor, master tutor

Professor Zhang Minghong

First, on the "early reading" common misunderstandings

1, what is morning reading?

Early reading refers to the activity process that preschool children aged 0~6 understand reading materials by changing colors, images and words or by reading and reading adult images.

In the initial stage, infants have the interest and behavior of early reading. Early reading has positive value in promoting children's nervous system development, opening children's wisdom, enriching children's knowledge, developing children's personality and improving children's language ability.

Second, common misunderstandings in early reading

1. People often naturally associate it with literacy and regard early reading as early literacy education for infants;

2. Some people think that the pre-school stage focuses on oral development, and reading is the learning content after entering primary school, so there is no need to rush into the pre-school stage;

3. Some people think that the so-called "morning reading" means reading pictures, so the specific operation of Chinese education activities is often confusing.

Third, when should "early reading" begin?

We think that when the baby is 2 months old, it can adapt.

Children can be given proper reading education before the resistance period.

Good learning foundation. Psychologists have found that two-month-old babies can distinguish different shapes of objects and patterns, and they especially like harmonious and relatively complex graphics, such as faces and bull's-eyes.

In addition, babies can distinguish their mother's face from other people's faces in about four months.

Recent studies have also proved that children are more likely to master the relationship between glyphs and entities than between phonetics and entities. At this time, although babies can't analyze, understand and comprehend, they can accept everything and related factors as a complete model and print them in the neural network.

This is the reason why Chinese characters can be recognized early. Psychologists have proved through experiments that babies can learn to read before they start talking.

Fourth, what to read in "morning reading"

What I read in my early days is not a complete "book".

But babies and young children rely on colors, images and adult language.

Text is based on pictures to understand the content of children's books.

Process.

The significance of early reading lies not in books, but in the process of reading. Early reading is a process in which adults and children communicate with books.

1. Provide reading materials with ideographs and illustrations.

Starting from the cognitive characteristics of preschool children, early reading activities must provide meaningful, vivid and vivid reading content for children.

The books that preschool children are exposed to should be colorful, illustrated and clear, and the main perceptual objects should be prominent to reduce the interference of irrelevant stimuli on infants' attention; Language should be simple, vivid, interesting, catchy and easy to learn and remember.

5. What to read in "morning reading"

Provide a rich reading environment

Early reading activities focus on providing reading experience for babies.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide an educational environment for babies to read more information. Parents can make use of every opportunity and place to let children feel the written language and subtly accept the knowledge about the written language.

For example, when decorating the wall in the corner of the activity room, properly match the words, such as "building block corner" and "doll house". Constantly update the contents of bookshelves and corners, pay attention to providing sufficient reading time and guide children to read in time;

For example, when learning the Chinese characters next to the word "wood", it is necessary to mark the relevant furniture with corresponding Chinese characters to help children get the information of these Chinese characters in a centralized way. The main purpose of all this is to enrich the information about written language in the environment and let children acquire language knowledge unconsciously.

Six, "morning reading" what to read?

3. Provide all-round early reading experience.

In the pre-school stage, the early reading content we provide for infants includes three reading experiences.

(1) Early Book Reading Experience

A. reading experience. Master the general rules and methods of reading books;

B. Reading experience. You can look at the picture and find a list of people.

Emotion, action and background are connected in series to understand the story;

C. experience the corresponding relationship between books and pictures and spoken English. Will tell the picture content in spoken language, or listen to the teacher reading to know that he is telling the story content;

D. Experience in book production. You should know that the stories in the book are written by writers in words, expressed by painters in pictures, and finally printed and bound into books.

Children can also try to be small writers and painters themselves, draw the stories they want to tell into pages, and then bind them into books.

Seven, "early reading" what to read?

(2) Experience of early literacy

A. know that words have specific meanings. Pronunciation is possible, and words can be associated with spoken language and concepts;

B. Experience in understanding the functions of words. If you want to write a letter in words, you can send it to others and then convert it into oral language, and others will understand the writer's specific feelings;

C. experience in understanding the source of words. Have a preliminary understanding of how words are produced,

How words evolved into what they are today;

Understanding that a character is a symbol and can be converted with other symbol systems.

If you know all kinds of graphic signs in traffic and public places and know that these signs represent certain meanings, you can express them in words;

E. experience in understanding the laws of literacy. In early literacy learning, let infants understand that Chinese characters have certain rules, and if they master these rules, they can read better. For example, most of the words next to the word "wood" are related to "wood"; Know some common Chinese characters.

Eight, "early reading" what to read?

(3) Early writing experience

A. Although learning to write is not required in the pre-school stage, it is still necessary to obtain some materials for writing Chinese characters, mainly in the middle and large classes of kindergartens, to help infants prepare for formal writing after entering primary school;

B know the basic frame structure of Chinese characters, such as the up, down, left and right structure of Chinese characters.

C. Understand the initial rules of writing and try to practice basic strokes in an interesting way;

D. know the tools for writing Chinese characters;

E learn to write with correct writing posture, including sitting posture, pen holding posture, etc.

Nine, early reading how to "read"

1. Promote comprehensive reading activities

First, the integration of written and spoken language;

Second, the integration of language and other learning contents;

The third is the integration of static learning and dynamic learning methods.

2. Parents directly participate in the reading process.

Parents and infants read together, creating conditions for parents to lead and guide infants to read. You can read books in parallel with infants or manually.

According to their own understanding and ideas, parents put the written information needed by infants into the reading process, which can help infants read the content clearly and master the written information correctly by means of stippling, explaining and reading words.

3. Carry out related activities around the focus of reading.

Each reading content has certain key points and difficulties, and it is necessary to organize children to carry out activities around the key points of reading, and to discuss and perform.

Games and other forms, focusing on helping infants master learning content and correct learning methods.

As long as it can guide children to grasp the key and difficult points of reading and deepen their impression of the written language they have learned, all kinds of activities can be used in the organization of this link.

X. What to read in "morning reading"

(3) Early writing experience

A. Although learning to write is not required in the pre-school stage, it is still necessary to obtain some materials for writing Chinese characters, mainly in the middle and large classes of kindergartens, to help infants prepare for formal writing after entering primary school;

B know the basic frame structure of Chinese characters, such as the up, down, left and right structure of Chinese characters.

C. Understand the initial rules of writing and try to practice the basics in an interesting way.

Stroke;

D. know the tools for writing Chinese characters;

E learn to write with correct writing posture, including sitting posture, pen holding posture, etc.