First, emphasize strict requirements and lay a good foundation. Basic education is basic education. Strict requirements and laying a good foundation at this stage will play a long-term role in the future development of children. Therefore, Mongolian education in Song and Yuan Dynasties attached great importance to strict basic training for children. For example, in terms of life etiquette, children are required to be respectful, upright, audio-visual, careful in using words, dignified in appearance, well dressed, frugal in diet and tidy in the classroom.
In learning, children are required to read aloud, "Not a word can be missed, not a word can be missing, not a word can be added, not a word can be inverted", and they should be familiar with it. Writing must be "one stroke, one painting, solemn and clear, not sloppy", paying special attention to the cultivation of good study habits. For example, it is required: "Every reader must correct several cases to make them clean and correct. Books should be placed neatly and in good health. Books should be read carefully, carefully and clearly. " "All books should be taken care of, and there should be no damage or folds"; There are three ways to read, namely, heart, eyes and mouth. Once a good habit of living and studying is formed, it will not only benefit children's growth, but also benefit them for life.
Second, attach importance to cultivating children's behavior habits in the form of "instructions" and "learning rules". Children in the early stages of learning are very plastic. In order to cultivate children's behavior habits, educators in the Song and Yuan Dynasties formulated various forms of Xueji and Xuegui as norms to regulate children's behavior. For example, Zhu's Instructions for Children has detailed regulations on children's clothes and shoes, language trends, sweeping the floor, reading and writing, and chores. The learning rules compiled by Cheng Duanmeng and Dong Zhu also put forward specific requirements for all aspects of children's life and study. Although these regulations and requirements are inevitably cumbersome and have the defects of inhibiting children's personality development, they make children's words and deeds have rules to follow and have a certain positive effect on cultivating children's behavior habits.
Third, according to children's psychological characteristics, make the best use of the situation to stimulate children's interest in learning. Children are lively and active in the learning stage. Educators in Song Dynasty noticed this characteristic of children and actively guided them to stimulate their interest in learning. Cheng Yi once said, "If you don't teach people anything, they won't be happy to learn." Zhu also advocated educating children with historical stories and allegorical poems, and carrying out recreational activities such as "singing and dancing" to stimulate children's fun, increase their awareness of learning, and achieve the realm of "learning to be an excellent official". This idea has been fully reflected in his children's textbook Primary School. In his book, he compiled many aphorisms, stories and admonitions of "ancient sages and sages" to arouse children's interest in learning.
At the same time, according to the characteristics of children's strong memory and weak understanding, it is emphasized to be familiar with the learning content.
Therefore, there has been a great change in the ruling strategy, from the original emphasis on "military" to "civilian governance", and the basic national policy of "promoting culture and education and restraining military affairs" has been established. Under the influence of this tone, Mongolian education has also made great progress. Generally speaking, Mongolian education in the Song Dynasty has various forms and rich contents, and a large number of Mongolian educators have emerged.