abstract:
Based on the concept and connotation of modern ballet and modern dance, this paper expounds their development and evolution, and further analyzes the differences between them from the basic characteristics and aesthetic standards. At the same time, the author believes that they have moved from mutual opposition and confrontation to mutual reference and integration.
Key words:
Modern ballet; Modern dance; differentiate
Firstly, the related concepts are briefly analyzed.
modern ballet
The so-called modern ballet is a concept relative to classical ballet, which refers to the introduction of modern elements into ballet, such as the famous classical ballet Swan Lake, which mainly focuses on plot, while Swan Lake with modern elements pays more attention to the expression of characters' inner feelings and psychological activities, which is an abstract art. For modern ballet, there is a general understanding that the dividing point between modern ballet and classical ballet began at the beginning of the last century, accompanied by modern artistic thoughts. Before that, ballet, whether ballet or sketch, followed the fixed paradigm and style of ballet, which was collectively called classical ballet. Under the influence of modern artistic thoughts, ballet has made some innovations in theme and form, and it is also different from classical ballet in program and style. This is modern ballet.
(2) Modern dance
Modern dance is developed on the basis of classical ballet innovation, and it is a dance genre popular and developed in Europe and America at the beginning of last century. From the level of consciousness, modern dance is more about pursuing abstract or semi-abstract artistic beauty, which is different from traditional ballet, which focuses on plot. More is to express the social reality and the inner activities of the characters, or to create an atmosphere to express an idea, even if it will promote the story, it will not put the rendering point on the narrative. In the form of expression, it completely broke the rigid formula and dogma of traditional ballet, and advocated the full relaxation of body and mind and the free expression of feelings.
Second, the difference between modern ballet and modern dance
(A) the basic characteristics are different
Modern ballet is different from classical ballet, and its innovation is mainly reflected in the theme and form, but it inherits the classical ballet in the basic characteristics and the way of exerting power, which is embodied in the following aspects: 1, openness: it mainly means that dancers stretch out around the joints such as shoulders, chest, hips and ankles to the maximum extent to show the beauty of their limbs; 2. Stretching: It mainly means that dancers stretch their hips, knees, ankles and instep to the maximum extent, so as to extend the human body lines more effectively and make the dancers look more stretched, reflecting a rising posture. 3. Straight: It means that the ballet dancer should be tall and straight, his legs should tighten his knees, and he should not bend over to highlight his hips, so that the dancer can present a confident beauty; 4. Standing: It mainly means that the ballet dancer should put his body center on two legs or one leg and stand proudly, reflecting the noble temperament of ballet. Opening, stretching, straightness and standing are the basic characteristics of ballet, from which we can see that modern ballet also has certain rigor and standardization.
The basic feature of modern dance is innovation, which is based on the rebellion against tradition. Therefore, it has no fixed system, and the styles of different periods are not the same. If we insist on summarizing its characteristics, we can basically sum it up as follows: 1, inclusiveness: modern dance is very inclusive, and seeking common ground while reserving differences is its basic artistic concept. Moskanningham, the third generation master of American modern dance, once said, ". 2. Emphasis on emotional expression: modern dance does not pursue formal beauty as fiercely and deliberately as modern ballet does, but emphasizes expressing inner feelings with the body; 3. Randomness: Modern dance advocates emancipating the body and mind, and every movement and every eye is dancing.
(B) different aesthetic standards
The aesthetic standard of ballet: 1, "light" means that the ballet dancer's movements should be light and tidy, and the body control should be put away freely. At the moment of jumping to the ground, there can be no sound. 2. "Accuracy" means that dancers should follow ballet norms and complete every movement accurately. 3. "Steady" means that ballet dancers should not only keep their movements from making mistakes, but also pay attention to the quality of their movements. They should be stable and should not make mistakes, such as shaking from side to side or even falling down. 4. "Beauty" requires dancers to embody the elegant and noble beauty of ballet, so the requirements for dancers are also extremely high.
On the other hand, the aesthetic standard of modern dance is freedom and casualness. It ignores the traditional ballet paradigm, pursues more dance movements that conform to the laws of nature, advocates free expression of true inner feelings, and is closely linked with real life, so that the audience can experience the feelings he wants to express by appreciating the dancers' dance movements, thus achieving the effect of spiritual resonance.
For ballet dancers, it is necessary to hold their breath as much as possible during the performance, but for modern dancers, it is necessary to adopt the contraction technique based on breathing. Modern dance regards the unique rhythm of breathing as the rhythm of life, which is the most real and natural embodiment of life. In some modern dance performances, dancers completely abandon the bondage of their bodies and dance barefoot.
Third, the conclusion
Ballet originated from the court and has developed for more than 300 years since the 1970s. Modern ballet is the result of the development and innovation of classical ballet, and the rise and development of modern dance also started from the rebellion and confrontation against classical ballet. For a long time, modern dance and ballet were opposites. However, with the deepening of people's understanding of the two dances, they began to oppose each other and gradually approached, merged and used for reference, especially modern ballet and modern dance. Modern ballet absorbs the innovative achievements of modern dance in theme and emotional expression, making the works more artistic and aesthetic. Modern dance also draws lessons from the choreography system of ballet, absorbs its normative beauty to a certain extent, and also improves the mobility of modern dance.
Martha Graeme, an American authority on modern dance, thinks that ballet has a long history and its scientific nature cannot be ignored, so Martha Graeme takes ballet basic training as a compulsory course in modern dance learning. Nowadays, many ballet schools also offer modern dance courses, and the two gradually move from mutual exclusion to mutual integration and reference, which has played a certain role in promoting each other's development.
References:
[1] Long Yinpei, Xu Erchong, Ou Jianping. Handbook of dance knowledge [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Music Publishing House, 200 1.
[2] Sun Lei. On the necessity of offering modern dance in the dance reform of normal universities [J]. Science and Education News (Education and Scientific Research), 20 10, (23).
The types of modern dance are divided according to the characteristics of dance.
First, professional dance
Classical dance; Ballet; National dance; Folk dance; Modern dance; Tap dancing; Jazz.
Second, international standard dance
1, Latin dance (rumba, samba, cha-cha, bullfighting, cowboy);
2. Modern dance (waltz, Viennese waltz, tango, trot, foxtrot).
Third, fashion dance.
Disco; Rap; Street dance; Bala Bala cheerleading dance; Dance hard;
According to the form of dance.
It is divided into solo dance, duet, threesome, group dance, group dance, song and dance, musical, dance drama and so on.
solo dance
A dance performed by a person to complete a theme is often used to directly express the thoughts and feelings of the characters and reveal their inner world.
provincial drama newly evolved from the song-and-dance duet
Performed by two people to complete a theme dance together. It is often used to directly express the communication between characters' thoughts and feelings, and to show the relationship between characters.
Threesome dance
Three people perform a dance with a theme. According to its content, it can be divided into three different types: expressing a single emotion and an obvious plot, and expressing dramatic conflicts between characters. Group dance, any dance with more than four people can be called group dance. Generally speaking, it is to express a general complex or to shape the image of the group. Through the change and transformation of dance formation and pictures, as well as the development of dance movements, postures and shapes with different speeds, strengths and amplitudes, a profound poetic artistic conception is created, which has strong artistic appeal.
collective dance
A relatively large dance work consisting of several dances. Every dance is relatively independent, but it is unified in a common theme and a complete artistic conception. Song and dance is a form of artistic performance that combines singing and dancing. It is characterized by being good at singing and dancing, being good at both lyricism and narration, and being able to express the complex and delicate thoughts and feelings of the characters and a wide range of life contents. Musical drama is a comprehensive performance form with song and dance as the main artistic expression means to express the drama content.
dance drama
Dance works with dance as the main artistic expression means, combined with music and stage art (clothing, scenery, lighting, props) to express certain drama content.