General Secretary Hu Jintao emphasized that strengthening and reforming the ideological and moral construction of teenagers is a strategic project and a popular project. The whole party and society should attach importance to and strengthen this project construction. There is no shortcut to strengthen the ideological and moral construction of teenagers. While strengthening school education, it must be combined with the changes in social environment and family education.
First, the current outstanding problems in the ideological and moral aspects of young people
(1) Political thoughts are diluted. With the changes of society and the development of the times, the younger generation has explored in reflection and improved in practice, and their political views have become more and more stable and mature. They care about national affairs and social hotspots and closely link their personal destiny with the development of the motherland. However, it is undeniable that there is a tendency for teenagers to dilute their political thoughts. Mainly manifested in: first, lack of lofty ideals, ambitions and ambitions, lack of interest in political activities, lack of strong desire to join the party and join the league; Second, lack of enthusiasm, boredom and motivation for studying political theory. Some teenagers are not clear about Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and their grasp and understanding of this theory is not optimistic. Third, the understanding of reform is not accurate enough, and it is believed that "the more chaotic the reform, the worse it will be." For the existence of some social problems, we can't deeply analyze their historical, social and practical reasons, blindly blame the reform, lack sufficient understanding of the long-term, complex and arduous nature of the reform, and show the idea of being eager for success and quick success.
(2) the deviation of life values. With the gradual deepening of reform and opening up, the diversification of cultural thoughts and the rapid popularization of the Internet have indeed provided good conditions for young people to study extensively. But at the same time, the lag of decadent culture and harmful information also spread through gaps, affecting and tempting young people. Judging from the ideological reality of teenagers, they are in a confused period of ideological and moral growth, unable to fully, dialectically and profoundly understand and discriminate some bad phenomena in society, and their outlook on life and values tend to be utilitarian. The outstanding performance is that the collective consciousness and legal consciousness are indifferent, and advocating self, power, money and material enjoyment has become a common problem for a considerable number of teenagers. The concrete manifestations are as follows: First, blind pursuit of self-worth, self-awareness is expanding. It is believed that "every man for himself, the devil takes the hindmost" and "everything comes from money", and the purpose of work is to realize self-worth and get social recognition, showing a strong individualistic color. Second, the pursuit of pleasure and money worship. I think hard work means making a lot of money, becoming rich and improving your living standard. Taking wealth, promotion and wealth, spacious housing and happy family as the greatest happiness in life reveals the secular and utilitarian tendency of a few teenagers to pursue their life goals.
(3) Weak ideological and moral integrity. Generally speaking, most teenagers not only critically inherit traditional cultural ideas and carry forward the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation, but also have a strong sense of modern public morality and social responsibility. However, we should also see that some teenagers have not yet developed good social morality habits and lack a sense of ideological and moral responsibility. Mainly manifested in: first, it also shows a certain degree of indifference on social issues. At a critical juncture, I dare not stand up and go forward bravely, holding a negative attitude of "nothing to do with myself", "others don't care about me", "watching the fun" or "walking around". Second, in treating parents, we can't abide by the traditional family ethics, love parents, care for parents, honor parents, help parents in life, comfort parents in spirit, or even ask their parents for money. Third, in interpersonal communication, there is a lack of mutual respect, mutual understanding and mutual help, and it is impossible to deal with the relationship between people with a tolerant attitude.
Second, the causes of the current ideological and moral problems of young people
(A) the negative impact of social environment. The in-depth development of China's socialist market economy and the increasing diversification of social and economic components, organizational forms, employment methods, interest relations and distribution methods have created a broader space for the all-round development of young people, and new ideas and concepts adapted to social progress are enriching the spiritual world of young people. At the same time, in some fields, ideological and moral anomie, lack of integrity, counterfeiting, deception and fraud activities have spread; In some places, feudal superstitions, cults, pornography, gambling and drugs and other social evils have appeared, which have become social hazards; The distorted values of some adults, the growth of money worship, hedonism and extreme individualism, and the repeated prohibition of negative corruption such as abuse of power for personal gain have also brought negative effects on the growth of teenagers. The rapid development of emerging media such as the Internet has opened up new channels for teenagers' learning and entertainment. At the same time, the lag of decadent culture and harmful information also spread through the network, eroding the minds of young people. Under the influence of various negative factors, a few teenagers are spiritually empty and misbehave, and some even go astray in committing crimes. The emergence of these new situations and problems makes the ideological and moral construction of teenagers face a series of new topics.
(2) Ideological and moral education is vague. Teenagers' ideological and moral education has some disadvantages, such as separation of subject, content and form. First, the content of ideological and moral education is divorced from the reality of teenagers. For example, the profundity of the theory of ideological and moral norms is far from the reality of teenagers' life, the abstraction of content affects the understanding of teenagers, the single standard affects the diversified development of teenagers, and ideological and moral education is divorced from the personality and psychological shaping of teenagers. Second, the process of ideological and moral education is divorced from the youth subject, including the direction, content and goal of traditional education. It mainly does not start from the youth, but takes the youth as the object to be shaped, which deviates from the core value of the youth subject and cannot adapt to social changes. Third, the form of ideological and moral education is divorced from the reality of society and teenagers. At present, educational institutions mainly carry out ideological and moral education in the form of indoctrination, ignoring the interaction between teenagers and teachers and students in the process of moral education. In the process of ideological and moral education at the social level, there is a phenomenon of low participation or even non-participation of teenagers. The fourth is the separation of knowledge and practice in the results of ideological and moral education. At present, the standard of ideological and moral values is illusory, and the ideological and moral behavior of teenagers has been completely socialized. Teenagers face many challenges in ideological and moral ability, and they all know how to do it in ideological and moral cognition, but they can't.
(3) Family, school and society are out of touch with the ideological and moral education of teenagers. There is a serious tendency to "value wisdom over morality" in the school education environment. Within the school, exam-oriented education centered on further studies and aimed at taking exams is popular. The social evaluation of the school mainly depends on the "enrollment rate" and students' test scores. In such a social atmosphere, as a school in society, both ordinary teachers and principals, under the influence of social pressure and utilitarianism, have to give up the function of ideological education for the sake of the school's "reputation" and pure "political achievements". Many families are also pursuing intellectual education that focuses on improving the ability to take exams. Many parents regard their children's learning as the only criterion to measure their children's learning, and regard counseling and assisting their children's learning as the focus of family education, ignoring the education of their ideological and moral health. Many parents only care about making money, ignoring the education of their children, especially the ideological and moral education, and completely pushing their children to school. The strong social synergy that the whole society cares about and supports the ideological and moral construction of teenagers has not yet formed. The leadership mechanism and working mechanism of "unified leadership by the Party committee, joint management by the Party and government groups, organization and coordination by the Civilization Committee, respective responsibilities of relevant departments and active participation of the whole society" have not really been formed. School education, family education and social education cooperate with each other, and the ideological and moral education system for teenagers has not yet been established and improved. The result is that "what the school teaches is one thing, what the parents say is another thing, and what the society sees is another thing", and the ideological and moral education of teenagers is full of contradictions, which makes them at a loss.
Third, strengthen ideological and moral education for young people.
(1) Give full play to the basic role of family education. Family is the cell that constitutes society. Parents are their children's first teachers, and their words and deeds are always affecting their children, as simple as a blank sheet of paper. According to research, many habits in a person's life are formed before the age of three. As the saying goes, "Look at the old at the age of three" is no exaggeration. Children have formed many living habits before entering school to receive compulsory education. In this process, their parents are the most exposed, and their parents' words and deeds are the objects they imitate. At the stage of establishing their correct outlook on life, world outlook and values before entering adulthood, parents are also the closest people, and their words and deeds have a subtle influence on their children. Parents should strengthen their study, raise their awareness and improve their quality, and first ask their children to do well. If we ask children to do it and parents can't do it themselves, it is difficult to expect children to form the virtue of honesty and adhere to the style of honesty, and it is also difficult for children to form behavioral habits that consciously follow ideological and moral norms. The most reliable external force to promote teenagers' ideological and moral growth and progress is the words and deeds of parents and adults, especially the exemplary role of parents in ideological and moral education and the family influence with ideological and moral appeal. If every family can shoulder the responsibility of promoting the healthy growth of teenagers, and every parent can be self-respecting and self-disciplined, and strive to be an example of teenagers' ideological and moral construction, the social environment for teenagers' ideological and moral construction can be effectively improved. The old adage "If you don't teach, it's your father's fault" and "If you dye the sky, it will be pale, and if you dye the yellow, it will be yellow", which requires parents to assume the responsibility of this "enlightenment tutor".
(2) Give full play to the role of school education as the main channel. School is the environment where children have the most contact except family. Schools play an irreplaceable role in cultivating teenagers' ideological and moral quality. Therefore, schools should put ideological and moral education at the top of quality education and run through all aspects of education and teaching. We should pay attention to "three highlights": First, highlight the sense of the times on the basis of the original educational content. The ideological and moral education of teenagers should change with the development of the times, enrich new contents in time to meet the development needs of teenagers, attach importance to the harmonious development of personality and improve personality education, and enhance independent consciousness and healthy personality; Pay attention to the education of ideological and moral quality and ability to adapt to the future society, enhance the awareness of competition and innovation, and improve the knowledge level of ideological and moral. The second is to solve the problem of ideals and beliefs in rich and diverse educational content. Ideals and beliefs give people lofty spiritual strength and make people full of beautiful dreams. They are willing to make progress in the face of difficulties and are willing to pay and sacrifice. Therefore, we should start with the cultivation of national spirit, take the development history and excellent cultural traditions of the Chinese nation as living teaching materials, so that the ears of young people will always echo the never-ending call of strengthening the country and rejuvenating the country in the torrent of history, start with the cultivation of patriotic feelings, set up lofty aspirations, take advantage of the situation, and further strengthen our belief in Marxism, Socialism with Chinese characteristics Road, reform, opening up and modernization, and trust in the party and government, thus inspiring lofty ideal behavior. Third, in the choice of specific educational content, the age characteristics and education level should be highlighted. The formation and development of teenagers' ideological morality is restricted by their physical and mental development level. First of all, we should understand the law of teenagers' physical and mental development and teach them what they need most and what they can accept most at the most appropriate time. For example, the content can be determined according to the division method of childhood (before 10), adolescence (115) and early adolescence (16- 18), and education can be implemented. In childhood, we should pay attention to cultivating teenagers' team consciousness and healthy personality, caring for others, loving the group, cooperating with others and communicating harmoniously. In adolescence, we should focus on strengthening adolescent education and ideological and moral education, cultivate good qualities of self-confidence, self-esteem and self-love, enhance the ability to distinguish right from wrong, and follow ideological and moral principles in doing things. Young people should pay attention to vocational education and social responsibility, and strengthen the education of outlook on life, world outlook and values. In addition, in the education of ideals and beliefs, we should also talk about levels. As Comrade Xiaoping pointed out, "While encouraging everyone to work hard, we have to admit the differences in talent and morality that everyone has shown in the process of growing up, and treat them differently according to these differences, so that everyone can advance towards the overall goals of socialism and communism under as different conditions as possible." The educational content is divided into different levels, which is conducive to the improvement of young people with different ideological levels on the original basis and enhances the effectiveness of education.
(3) Give full play to the guiding role of social education. First, strengthen publicity and guidance, and create a good atmosphere of ideological and moral education. Give full play to the role of mass media and various youth activity positions at all levels, publicize scientific theories, spread advanced culture, shape a beautiful mind, promote social integrity, advocate scientific laws, persistently publicize the correct ideological and moral direction, and constantly instill the ideological concepts and ideological and moral requirements of building a Socialism with Chinese characteristics into the minds of young people, so that they can clearly distinguish right from wrong, beauty and ugliness, good and evil, and strive to pursue noble ideological and moral sentiments. It is necessary to strengthen the guidance of ideological and moral hot issues that are generally concerned by the society, especially the negative phenomena that appear in the society, and clearly oppose the tendency that goes against the requirements of the times and the needs of citizens' ideological and moral construction. The second is to create a good social environment. Attach importance to the role of the Internet in ideological and moral education of teenagers, strengthen positive publicity and management on the Internet, prevent the spread of harmful information, and make full use of network resources to carry out ideological and moral education. We should constantly introduce excellent spiritual food that adapts to the characteristics of teenagers, strengthen the guidance of teenagers' aesthetic concepts and hobbies, and carry out ideological and moral education for teenagers in a subtle way. It is necessary to rely on all kinds of youth activity positions and youth education bases at all levels to carry out vivid and vivid education on traditional virtues, revolutionary ideology and morality and the spirit of the times. It is necessary to seize the opportunity of important festivals and anniversaries, and carry out various forms of theme education activities, so that young people can cultivate noble ideological and moral sentiments in participating activities. It is necessary to set an amiable, respectable, credible and learnable ideological and moral model for young people, so that the vast number of young people can learn from examples, catch up with goals, be encouraged and draw strength from the touching stories and excellent qualities of advanced models.
Strengthening the ideological and moral education of teenagers is a social systematic project and a long-term and arduous task. All walks of life, schools and families should work together with Qi Xin to do this important work well, establish and develop a socialist ideological and moral system that is compatible with the socialist market economy, comprehensively improve the ideological and moral quality of young people, and lead the vast number of young people to make unremitting efforts to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. (Author: Tianhe District Traffic Management Station Feng Jiehua)