-Jiabao Dairy ensures the safety of dairy products with an authoritative certification system.
In the spring of 2004, the "Fuyang milk powder" incident caused an uproar in the whole country, and the safety of dairy products attracted widespread attention from the media and ordinary people, becoming a topic of discussion in the streets. "Maintaining product reputation, ensuring product quality and ensuring people's health" is the top priority of every dairy enterprise. Jinan Jiabao Dairy took the lead in passing HACCP certification in the same industry in China, which not only effectively ensured the safety of products, but also won a series of honors such as "National Inspection-free Products", "Pollution-free Agricultural Products", "Green Food" and "QS Certified Food", and was rated as Jinan Milk, which became a truly reassuring dairy product. It can be said that food safety certification provides a reliable guarantee for the improvement of product quality and the rapid development of Jiabao dairy industry.
Jiabao Company is a vegetable basket engineering enterprise of Jinan municipal government and a key leading enterprise of national agricultural industrialization, with fixed assets of 500 million yuan and an annual output of 400,000 tons of milk. At present, the comprehensive strength of Jiabao Dairy has leapt to the top seven in liquid milk in China, and it is the vanguard of dairy industry in Shandong Province.
HACCP international system certification is a reliable guarantee for food safety.
Jiabao Dairy adheres to the dairy production safety policy of safety first, quality first, prevention first and scientific and technological innovation, and strictly controls product quality. In recent years, excellent product quality has not only been respected by domestic counterparts, but also won unanimous praise from international dairy experts. Jiabao Dairy was awarded the "Management Innovation Award" by IQNet (iQnet) for its excellent implementation of ISO900 1(2000 edition) and HACCP international food safety management system certification, as well as its outstanding achievements in continuous innovation and refined management. The award was signed by Dr. Fabio Roversi, chairman of iqnet, and the certified CEO of Fiona Fang, representing the highest level of enterprise management in China.
Since 2003, Jiabao Dairy has been producing according to the standard of HACCP quality management system. At the beginning of 2004, Jiabao Dairy took the lead in passing HACCP international general system certification in the same industry in Shandong Province. HACCP is developed on the basis of-GMP (Good Practice) and SSOP (Good Hygiene Practice), and has been widely used in food industry in Europe and America. It is an effective way to improve product quality and ensure product safety, and it is also an international trend of food industry quality certification, which can effectively solve the problem of product quality control in food processing. It is not only a reliable guarantee of food safety, but also a simple, reasonable and professional quality control system. By monitoring and controlling microorganism, chemistry and physical contamination during production, processing, manufacturing, preparation and eating, the probability of harm is greatly reduced. It integrates food safety into the whole process of production design, rather than the final product inspection in the traditional sense, so that the products are under control from the land to the dining table.
Jiabao Dairy identifies and evaluates related hazards and risks through the production, distribution and use of products, so as to determine the preventive measures and methods to be taken. Identify hazards and assess their severity; Determine the critical control points needed to control these hazards; For each key control point, the inspection standard of controllable operation is specified in detail; Establish and implement inspection system; Check unqualified indicators and put forward rectification measures; Verify the implementation of the system; Collect and keep records of all inspection and modification measures. Product sales can involve many aspects, from the selection and use of raw materials, the processing and production of products to the listing of finished products. We think the advantage of using HACCP is that a thorough HACCP study can identify the factors that directly affect the quality and safety of products, so that commodity manufacturers can formulate their own technical indicators most fully and effectively, and decompose and implement them.
International advanced equipment is a good platform for HACCP system.
The whole electronic monitoring of Jiabao production line has realized automatic large-screen operation, and the degree of automation has reached the world advanced level. The automatic milking equipment adopts the Swedish Alfa Laval fish bone "Milking King", and the automatic cow feeding hall integrates feeding, water supply, ventilation, spraying and milking. Production equipment is imported from German Combibloc, French Bellevue, Swedish tetra pak pillow and Japanese roof bag. Invest a lot of money to buy a series of high-tech testing equipment. Buy American DHI somatic cell detector and B 150 milk composition analyzer, two of which are online, so that you can know the health status and milk quality of each cow in the pasture at any time and ensure the stable quality of raw milk; The antibiotic content detector purchased from the United States can detect 16 kinds of antibiotics, adding another line of defense for the quality of Jiabao milk; ——FC bacteria detector, the latest product quality detector purchased from America, can decompose and dye microorganisms in raw milk within ten minutes and detect the number of bacterial single cells. Compared with the traditional cell detection (detecting the number of bacterial colonies within 48 hours), it greatly improves the detection efficiency and accuracy, thus controlling the microorganisms in raw milk and preventing unqualified raw materials from flowing into the next process. While ensuring the quality of products, it also won enough time for the freshness of products.
After more than a year's operation, we feel that the quality and safety of Garbo's products have entered the advanced ranks in the world by using HACCP system. But at the same time, HACCP method is not a master key, but mainly used to provide information, and how to use this information to better control possible dangers is the key to solve the fundamental problem. In other words, the key lies in whether the operators strictly abide by the production operation requirements and management system to ensure the quality of each batch of products is stable and traceable. At the same time, the obtained information is analyzed and processed in time, so as to give priority to prevention.
Passing the certification is not the goal, but the key lies in consistent and uncompromising implementation. Jiabao Dairy regularly organizes labor competitions such as "Product Quality Month" and "Safety Production Month". Through this long-term quality assurance competition, we will strengthen the inspection and management of processing plants, dairy farming communities, milk collection stations, pastures, finished product warehouses, raw material warehouses and other departments involved in product quality, and urge employees to strictly implement them in their daily work.
Implementing HACCP system to make quality management enter a new world
While strengthening product quality control and implementing HACCP system, Jiabao Dairy has formed a three-level quality inspection framework. That is, set up a quality control center to strictly monitor the product quality and process flow of the whole company, set up quality control departments in each factory, and set up special quality control personnel in each workshop to inspect the whole process of milk source entering the factory and the production process in the factory and workshop, and conduct random sampling, strict operating procedures, strict process flow, strict implementation of standards and strict rules and regulations. Pass? Quot Quality Control Center-Quality Control Department-Quality Controller "is a three-level quality inspection structure with layer-by-layer control and layer-by-layer monitoring.
Strengthen the management of production personnel. Implement the system of self-control, self-inspection, self-inspection and self-punishment, and improve the subjective initiative and sense of responsibility of front-line production personnel. You must stick to your post and monitor the whole process on the spot. Once there is a quality problem, the punishment will be from bottom to top. The responsible person and his team should first introspect, come up with their own punishment opinions, report them step by step, and report them to the whole company after being approved by the competent department. If the understanding is not deep enough or the punishment is not strong enough, we should bring them back to revise and report them to achieve the best effect. This urges our production personnel to always tighten the string of product quality, maximize their potential, innovate ideas, improve technological processes and improve product quality.
Jiabao Dairy regards quality management as its concept. Over the years, Jiabao Dairy has always regarded quality as the foundation of enterprise development and adhered to the product concept of "quality as the foundation and quality as the survival". Upgrade simple "quality assurance" to perfect "quality management", and emphasize user satisfaction.
Integrate quality concept into corporate culture. "Finding the problem is a level and a sense of responsibility; Solving problems is ability and dedication; The pursuit of perfection is the highest realm ",which is Jiabao Dairy's explanation of product quality control. Enterprises should become bigger and stronger and realize long-term sustainable development. Product quality should not only form a system, but also form a culture. We should integrate quality awareness into corporate culture, train employees with culture, form employees' thoughts, and truly integrate quality awareness into the hearts of every employee. "Honesty for a hundred years, quality first, scientific and technological innovation, striving for first-class" as its own quality policy, coupled with the concept that "quality is the life of an enterprise, and life is only once", as a part of the company's corporate culture, it is instilled in employees every day through activities such as hanging slogans, corporate culture cards, organizing labor competitions, post competitions, and quality assurance competitions. Before going to work every morning, all the staff of the processing workshop should line up in front of the workshop under the leadership of the workshop director to take the oath that "the enterprise is in my heart and the quality is in my hands". Through this subtle influence, it is a long-term plan for Jiabao Company to integrate quality consciousness into corporate culture and quality concept. Through scientific management means, the subjective initiative of all employees is constantly stimulated, and the product quality is improved with innovative thinking.
On August 1 1, 2004, AQSIQ conducted a spot check on the quality of some dairy products in China. In the spot check of 40 enterprises 100 products in ten cities, Jiabao dairy products ranked first, which indicates that Jiabao has truly become a trustworthy brand.
The origin of Jiabao
In the ancient history of China, there were many records of drinking mare's milk and milk, especially for some nomadic people. But the real connection with modern dairy farming and dairy processing industry was after 1840 Opium War. With the invasion of foreign powers, China fell into a semi-feudal and semi-colonial society. The invasion of foreign culture, especially the long-term settlement of missionaries in China, brought China the technology of dairy farming and excellent dairy breeds, and dairy farming began to develop slowly at the beginning of the opening of the trading ports and colonies.
According to 1929 Ji 'nan Annals, there is Alin dairy farm in Dongguan, Ji 'nan, which has been operating for more than 40 years. They provide fresh milk for the citizens. Therefore, as early as 1890, there were small-scale breast-feeding businesses in Jinan, but they naturally had no direct relationship with modern dairy industry.
193 1 (1932) Five teachers from Linyi No.5 Middle School came to Jinan together. They are: Xu Meisheng, a native of Yishui, graduated from the Biology Department of Beijing Normal University, and came to the Provincial Department of Education as an inspector; Gao, a native of Rizhao County, graduated from the Physical Education Department of Beijing Normal University and came to the provincial stadium as a coach; Jian, a native of Yangxin County, graduated from the Engineering Department of Nanjing University; Wu Fanglin, a native of Yishui County, graduated from English Department of Jinling University; Cao Zigu, a native of Changyi County, graduated from Peking University History Department. Kan, Wu and Cao came to teach.
At that time, domestic warlords scuffled and the people were in dire straits. Japanese militarism has extended its clutches to the northeast of China, and the people called "the sick man of East Asia" by the foreign powers are living in dire straits. In order to do something practical for the disadvantaged people, full of the ambition of "saving the country through industry", they resolutely decided to jointly establish a livestock farm and jump down to do something practical for the country.
Five people pooled 750 yuan for the start-up fee and rented the abandoned white house as a venue. Raise 40 Swiss milk goats. After consultation, everyone proposed to take the "Big Five" as the pasture, and Wu Fanglin was elected as the manager. The "Big Five" Ranch is the predecessor of Jiabao Dairy.
1933~ 1934 "five big" pastures in the early days.
1933, they bought 8.5 mu of land in Nanyumen, Zhongshan, built houses, established organizations and formulated articles of association. The purpose of the ranch is to "develop animal husbandry, supply fresh milk, ensure the needs of babies and promote the health of citizens."
According to the company's articles of association, the fund of the ranch is shared by five shares. However, because all five people are ordinary faculty members, they can't take it out at the moment, so they decided to study and try their best to support them. The rest of their monthly salary is sent to the pasture. In addition, we also mobilize people in the education sector to take the form of current or regular savings, and each time we deposit it in 200 yuan, we can enjoy half a bottle of milk for free. According to the Articles of Association, the share capital of Ranch at the end of 1934 was 1500 yuan per share, totaling 7,500 yuan.
At the beginning of the establishment of the pasture, goat milk was produced and sold. At first, goat milk was packed in soda water, which was divided into two specifications: whole bottle and half bottle. A whole bottle is worth ten cents, and half a bottle is worth five cents. Later, the soda bottle was replaced by an American glass bottle bought from Shanghai, with a large bottle capacity of 10 ounce and a small bottle capacity of 4 ounces. At that time, dozens of catties of goat's milk could be sold every day. Generally, the clerk sent it to every household twice a day.
Milk sheep is Swiss. In order to avoid inbreeding, sheep are registered in the pasture, and a card pedigree is established for selective mating. After breeding and reservation, the quality of dairy sheep has been improved. Pasture also has a relatively reasonable system in feeding management, variety improvement and disease prevention. At the same time, the ranch also subscribed to some newspapers and periodicals about animal husbandry at home and abroad, and joined the American Columbia Sheep Society.
After more than two years of operation, it was found that dairy sheep are small livestock, suitable for family feeding and not suitable for grazing. Because sheep keep estrus according to the seasonal climate and are not controlled by people, the supply of goat milk cannot change with the change of market supply and demand. So the ranch resolutely decided to change its business direction, raise cows and sell milk. 1935, the pasture transferred all the dairy goats to Nanjing pasture, and immediately began to prepare for raising cows.
The "five big" pastures in the period of 1935~ 1937.
Qingdao is a prosperous commercial port that opened earlier, with a history of dairy industry and Japanese traders trafficking in cows. After investigation and study, the ranch decided to buy cows from Qingdao. So, manager Wu Fanglin personally went to Qingdao to buy back cows with higher milk production and lower prices from Japanese-run pastures. In addition to selecting and keeping some, we also resell some in Jinan, so we made a lot of money.
Cows are the foundation of dairy industry. A standard cowshed was built on the pasture, and the drawings were designed by Americans. The cowshed is a single row, facing south, with sufficient sunlight, good ventilation equipment, underground pipelines and smooth discharge of feces and sewage. There is an automatic drinking device in the cowshed, and each person has a bowl. When drinking, the cow sucks with its mouth and the water automatically flows out. When not in use, raise your mouth and cut off the water. The trough of the barn is lower than the cow bed, and the feed and roughage are fed separately, three times a day: grass is fed first in the morning and afternoon, and grass is fed first in the evening. The United States adopts feed standards and house feeding methods. The main concentrates are bran, bean cake, corn flour and so on. Add salt and bone meal when feeding. The feeding amount of concentrate is related to the season and the strength of cattle. In summer, the weak eat more, while in winter, the strong eat less.
The pasture attaches great importance to the optimization and renewal of dairy cows. Keep the cows that produce more than 40 kilograms of milk a day and sell the rest. In order to select the best breed, Ranch once bought a Dutch purebred bull from Qingdao and named it "Beiyang". 1935 brought another bull from the royal Japanese ranch and named it "Toyo". Cattle in the pasture are strictly forbidden to mate with others, and most of the calves produced are slaughtered. High-yield cows are required to have two babies every three years, usually one baby a year. In this way, cows will be strong and healthy, produce more milk and produce excellent offspring. At that time, the pasture could produce about 800 Jin of milk every day. In order to improve feeding management and milking technology, Manager Wu Fanglin also personally studied and mastered the popular science materials of American animal husbandry and feeding standard, a cow, which is its animal husbandry bible. According to the pasture regulations, the sale of cows must be approved by the manager, and the cow register must be held by the manager.
The pasture is very strict about hygiene. The breeder wears a white coat, and each person has two sets of work clothes, which are changed in turn. Ranch also hired Japanese Seijiro as a veterinarian. Because we have always attached great importance to the prevention of rinderpest and rinderpest, there has been no excessive unexpected loss.
Pastures also have strict requirements for disinfection. Milk pails and bottles are sterilized with steam, milk is filtered with absorbent cotton, and then poured into a double-layer sterilization pot, which is controlled by an automatic recorder. Heat it to 145~ 148 (Fahrenheit), heat it for several hours, then cool it in cold row, bottle it automatically, and seal it with a lid (sealed on the lid? Quot 5 "Trademark, date of production, etc. ). The ranch attaches great importance to the quality of dairy products, and will never sell them if they smell bad. Pasture water is underground spring water dug in the ground. The ranch also built a water tower and laid underground pipelines. Due to the good sanitation facilities of the pasture, it met the requirements of dairy hygiene at that time, so it won the first place in North China in the appraisal.
Although the scale of the pasture is not large, the milk turnover is very compact. Milking milk three times a day. The first time is to sterilize and bottle at two o'clock in the morning and deliver milk at four o'clock; The second time is at eight o'clock in the morning, the milk will be sent out, and the milk that can't be sent out will be stored in the refrigerator to make milk skins and cream; The third time is at four o'clock in the afternoon. The milkman also delivers milk skins, cream and other dairy products. For the convenience of users, all milk orderers send milk to milk dealers, and the delivery time is sometimes arranged according to users' requirements. Milk is delivered immediately after the user or special user calls. User's milk payment, daily accounting and monthly settlement.
The requirements of dairy workers in pasture are: educated, healthy, loyal and reliable, neatly dressed, modest and polite, and not smoking. Moreover, the milkman is also required to tell some common sense about milk, such as the use of milk, the deterioration process, etc., to serve users. The milkman's coat and hat are issued by the pasture, dark blue in winter and single in summer, and the words "five pastures" are on the hat.
Pasture management is developing day by day. 1935 approved the capital on the basis of the five major shares, with RMB 4,500 per share, totaling RMB 22,500. At the same time, investors from the education sector came to the ranch in an endless stream, amounting to 50,000 yuan. Because of the abundant funds, another ranch was opened in Nanjing. 1935. 1937? Before the July 7th Incident, there were more than 50 cows in the pasture, with a daily milk output of about 1.200 kg and 30 employees.
The "Big Five" Ranches in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression Period
After the "July 7th Incident", in order to protect human and animal safety, the ranch was moved to Nanshan Guli, and in order to stabilize employees' mood, nursing staff were given a preferential share of RMB 100 per share. At this time, due to the war, the pasture was in a state of internal troubles and foreign invasion: outsiders could not repay their savings, dairy products were overstocked, and the economy was tight, which made it impossible to maintain the lives of people and animals. In order to reverse this difficult situation, Ranch opened a dairy shop on Jingerweisi Road, selling hot milk and bread, and the manager worked as a waiter to attract business. Milk and eggs, butter toast, jam toast, hot cakes, fried eggs and all kinds of fried rice.
65438-0943, Tongli Ranch in Jinan closed down due to poor management. The "Big Five" pastures took over Tongli Ranch by using their power in the same trade association. Invest in the expansion of Tongli canteen, which was originally located in Jingsan Road, Tongli Ranch, and employ Li Weilin as the manager. At the same time, the ranch also bought the surplus milk from more than a dozen small pastures in the same industry at half price. In this way, there are nearly 200 cows in the "five big" pastures, and the daily milk sales are 3000 kg to 5000 kg.
The "five big" pastures before and after the liberation of Jinan
After the victory of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, during the period of Kuomintang rule, the situation was unstable, the market was depressed, and the situation of the "big five" pastures went downhill. 1April, 948, Wu Fanglin, Gao and others took away gold, cloth and other precious materials stored in the pasture for many years and fled to Taiwan Province Province with their families and mouths. When the ranch fled south, it was taken away by the military and higher people and destroyed by the Kuomintang defenders. People and animals live in poverty and are dying, and most workers have fled.
After the liberation of Jinan, Xu Meisheng came to the provincial capital to help, and was entrusted by the Industrial and Commercial Bureau to try to maintain the pasture. So Qiu Weizhou and Zhou Shouwen were hired as pasture managers and deputy managers, and they borrowed money from various parties to maintain the pasture.
At the beginning of 1950, the ranch was changed to public ownership, and Xu Meisheng donated his share capital to the government. In June 5438+10, the ranch was privately owned and a shareholders' meeting was held. Li Jicang was elected as the chairman of the "Big Five" Ranch, and Xu Meisheng, Wu Lianjiu, Gao Qigan and Hu (female) were elected as directors.
During the period of 1955, the "big five" ranchers fought for public-private partnership. With the approval of the government, in September, the ranch was merged into an animal husbandry company. At the time of the joint venture, there were 60 employees, and the daily sales volume of milk was 5000 Jin.
According to Mr. Wu Zhongdong, an old employee of Jiabao, "Around 1955, some cows mainly composed of the' Big Five' pastures were merged into the organs of Shandong Military Region and railway departments, and 80 cows were purchased from Lin Qiu Farm in Northeast China (Mr. Wu Zhongdong was the accompanying breeder), and Jinan Animal Husbandry Company was established through public-private partnership".
During the thirty years from the late 1950s to the early 1990s, Jinan Animal Husbandry Company and Jinan Animal Husbandry Industry and Commerce Company experienced the planned economy era, and were renamed Jinan Animal Husbandry Industry and Commerce Company on 1956. Gradually form a pattern of three pastures and two milk processing plants (namely Jinan dairy factory and milk food factory). The whole process from production to sales is carried out step by step according to the plan issued by the superior. Although the raising level, processing scale and product variety have developed to some extent, the development speed is extremely slow and it still stays in a relatively primitive manual workshop state. In that particular era, there were very few people who could drink milk, which was a very special consumer group-infants, seriously ill patients, veteran cadres and so on. Most people can't and can't afford to drink milk, which is also regarded as a kind of advanced nutrition. An elderly consumer recalled waiting in line to buy milk for his children in quancheng road: he stood in line for a long time in front of the sunrise with the milk certificate handled by the trustee. When he arrived, there was only one bottle left, because one third of it had been spilled because of poor packaging. When he tried to change, the waitress turned pale and said loudly, "Do you want love or not? This half bottle is gone. " So he took it away quickly, because the children at home were still waiting for it to satisfy their hunger. This memory is a typical feature of milk sales in that era. It can be said that "the emperor's daughter is not worried about marriage." With the reform and opening up in 1980s, the company's development has been severely tested. The old ideas and models have seriously restricted the further development of the company. Individual farmers have developed rapidly and started to sell fresh milk in a flexible way. By the early 1990s, the development of enterprises had encountered many difficulties.
Note: This article is partly excerpted from Mr. Li Jicang's posthumous work "One Jinan and Five Universities" (Ji 'nan City Records), which was compiled by Wang Qinghua. Mr. Li Jicang is an old employee of the "Big Five" ranches. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as deputy manager of Jinan Animal Husbandry Company and died at 1985.