First, the sense of order and rules education.
Order is a neat and harmonious life. Orderly habits and aesthetic feeling are the sense of order. While cultivating minors' sense of order, they are also educated in rules. Rules education belongs to social education, which is about cultivating children's good habits, cooperative habits and initial sense of responsibility, and helping minors (infants) "understand and abide by the basic social behavior rules in daily life". However, cultivating children's good habits, sense of cooperation, sense of responsibility and self-discipline is only a part of the goal of regular education, not the whole. The rule education for minors is mainly to let them master the adaptive rules, that is, the rules suitable for minors of the corresponding age in a specific period, which mainly involve public morality, safety, care for things, personal hygiene, work and rest time and so on. These rules can cultivate minors' good behavior habits, fully guide them to actively explore the world, and cultivate their individuality and independent personality.
Second, the "critical period" of minors
Teenagers are in a period of contradiction. Their psychological development is immature, their thoughts are simple, their emotions are unstable and their rebellious mentality is strong. They are eager to get rid of the shackles, but they are limited by their own abilities. The underage only child wants to be recognized and accepted by his peers, but his ego is too strong; I want to show my personality, but I'm rather extreme. Minors have strong self-esteem and competitive spirit and are easy to get emotional, but they are poor in distinguishing right from wrong, self-control and psychological endurance. In addition, factors such as doting, conniving at asylum, beating and cursing, domestic violence, and parents' divorce lead to the lack of family education, which makes children form withdrawn, inferior, indifferent and rebellious characters and urges minors to lack independence and security.
If people think that minors have many advantages or disadvantages to make you happy or upset, then we think that the advantages of children are the display of the advantages of parents and teachers, and the disadvantages of children are the embodiment of parents' own shortcomings. Therefore, families, schools and society should unite as one. From now on, we should live, play, study and grow together with minors, respect each other, and encourage children to make continuous progress with understanding, equality and tolerance.
Thirdly, the strategy of implementing rule education.
Some rules are temporary rules made to successfully achieve short-term goals. Rule education requires us to adhere to the principles of rationality, flexibility and durability when making rules, and constantly revise and improve them according to the actual needs of participants. Our strategies for implementing rule education for minors are as follows:
(1) Rule education is a "double-edged sword". When educating children, we should give guidance and guidance from the aspects of cognition, methods and psychology, and integrate strictness with freedom by moving people with emotion, convincing people with reason, knowing people with reason and moving people with emotion.
(2) Pay attention to the rights and interests of children and respect their personality. Try to live, coexist and study with children, reduce family changes and life turmoil, and create a good educational environment for minors to study, live and play.
(3) Don't sacrifice the autonomy and happiness of minors. To avoid the "conformity behavior" of minors, it is necessary to teach them in accordance with their aptitude and encourage them to forge ahead and make continuous progress.
(4) Treat the "rebellious behavior" of minors correctly, understand the "unreasonable behavior" of minors, make full preparations and deal with it reasonably, so that minors can successfully pass the "psychological resistance period" and make them study hard, be strong and brave.
(5) The rules cannot be changed, but the temporary rules should be constantly revised and improved. Adults should pay attention to the cultivation of minors' awareness of rules, but don't confuse the types of rules and their educational methods.
(6) Correctly handle the relationship between the requirements of adults and the needs of minors. The activities of minors should arrange pleasant experiences and personalized performances, grasp the freedom of education, and make strictness and freedom harmonious and unified. Let minors learn to distinguish right from wrong, learn from each other's strengths, innovate and develop in an all-round way.
(7) Minors are in a self-centered stage and often look at things according to their own understanding. They show annoyance or even resistance to the compulsory restrictions of adults, and they do not have the ability to understand and accept the requirements of others. Therefore, adults should understand their rebellious behavior: on the one hand, encourage minors to express themselves, on the other hand, adjust their emotions and communicate with minors happily.
Gorky said: "Children love those who love them, and only those who love them will educate them." In short, only parents and teachers with educational wisdom can understand the needs of minors, tap their various potentials, establish close relationships with minors through their eyes, words and actions, and hear their "inner potential voices" when they speak, thus promoting the effectiveness of family, school and society in educating minors.
(Author: No.3 Kindergarten of Yuelu Preschool Education Group, Changsha City, Hunan Province)