Confucius (September 28, 55 BC1year-April 479 BC 1 1 year), surnamed Kong, was born in Qufu, Shandong Province, and his ancestral home was Li Yi (now Xiayi, Henan Province). He was a famous thinker and educator in China. Confucius initiated the atmosphere of private lectures and was the founder of Confucianism.

Mencius, Ji surname, Meng surname, Ming Ke, (to be tested, word, word ziju), was born in Zoucheng (now Zoucheng City, Shandong Province) during the Warring States Period. A great thinker, educator and representative of Confucian school, he is also called "Confucius and Mencius" with Confucius.