Some revelations: I was taught yesterday. I thought I had traveled with you for a long time, but the content of each discussion was different and my skills were different. Although I want to be strong, I will never be seen, so I will report it a little and will not defend myself one by one. Rethinking Meng Jun did see something thick, so it is not appropriate to repeat it rashly. Therefore, there is a way today, and Ji Jun is really tolerant.
Ann Shi Qi: Thank you for your letter and advice yesterday. Privately, I think that you and I have been friendly for a long time, but when discussing state affairs, I often have different opinions. This is because the political opinions and methods adopted are different. I'm afraid I won't get your understanding in the end, although I want to keep nagging in your ear. Later, I thought that you have been very kind to me, and you shouldn't be rude to correspondence, so I told you the reason why I did it in detail, and I hope you can understand me.
Confucian scholars contend, especially in name; Justified, the world is cold. Today, when I met my teacher, I thought that I invaded the official, caused trouble, and took advantage of it without remonstrating, so that the world complained and slandered. One is to say: on the orders of the master, discuss and revise the statutes in the imperial court so as to give them a division and not invade the officials; Take the former king's administration, promote advantages and eliminate disadvantages, and not make a living; Managing money for the world is not for profit; To ward off evil spirits, it is difficult to refuse people, not to refuse advice. As for the number of grievances, we knew it before.
We scholars have to argue, especially whether "name" (concept, theory) and "reality" are consistent. Only when the relationship between "name" and "reality" is clarified can the truth in the world be correctly understood. What do you use to lecture me now, saying that I'm "invading the official", "causing trouble", "demanding profits" and "refusing to give advice", which makes people all over the world resent and slander me. However, I think that accepting the emperor's orders, discussing and formulating laws and regulations, and then amending the decision in the court, is not "invading the official", but handing it over to the competent government authorities for implementation. It is not "causing trouble" to carry forward (restore) the principle of governing the country by the sages of the previous generation in order to promote the advantages and eliminate the disadvantages. It is not "profit-seeking" to organize finance for the country. It is not "refusing to remonstrate" to exclude incorrect remarks and refute flattering bad people. As for a lot of resentment and slander, it should have been expected long ago.
People are used to it for a long time, and the literati are better at not caring about the country and only caring about themselves and the public. In fact, I want to change this. If someone doesn't measure the number of enemies and wants to help them fight, what are the people doing instead of being aggressive? Pan Geng's move, people who complain bitterly, is not a special court official. Pan Geng didn't change his degree for the complainer, but he didn't see it before moving, so he can regret it. If it is really my fault that I have been in office for a long time and failed to help the people of Jersey, then someone will know the crime. For example, if you don't do anything today, just keep the same as before, that's not something you dare to know.
It's not a day before, and most officials don't worry about state affairs. It's also a virtue to follow suit. The emperor wants to change this situation. I want to try my best to help the emperor resist them regardless of the number of political enemies. So, how can everyone not make a fuss? In the past, King Pan Geng of Shang Dynasty moved the capital, and it was not only court officials who resented him, but ordinary people. Pan Geng didn't change his plan because of resentment; He thinks the reason is right and then does it. He thinks it's right to do so, and he can't see anything to repent of. If you blame me for being in power for a long time and failing to help the emperor do a great thing for the benefit of the people, then I know I am guilty. But if we should do nothing today but keep the old rules, that's not what I dare to learn.
Meet for no reason, don't just yearn for it!
Without the opportunity to meet, I can't really admire it.
source
Answering Sima's Suggestions is an excerpt from Mr. Linchuan's Collected Works by Wang Anshi, a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty.
In the article, the author refutes the five charges of "invading officials, causing troubles, levying profits, refusing to remonstrate, and complaining and slandering" put forward by Sima Guang, and criticizes the conformism of the scholar-bureaucrat class, showing its determination to persist in political reform. Sharp words and tit-for-tat are one of the famous refutations in ancient times.
To annotate ...
(1) Sima Yi: Sima Guang (10/9—1086), a native of Xia County, Shaanxi Province (now Shanxi Province), was a doctor at that time. He is a famous historian in the Northern Song Dynasty, and he is the author of "Learning from the Same Resources". The immortal used Wang Anshi to implement the new law, and he strongly opposed it. In the eighth year of Yuanfeng (1085), Zhezong ascended the throne, and the Empress Dowager Gao listened to politics and called him in charge of state affairs. The following year is the phase. Abolish the new law. In order to die for eight months, Wen Guogong was hunted down.
(2) a: claiming to be. Rev: Write a letter to explain things.
(3) Enlightened: Thanks for your advice. Here refers to receiving a letter.
(4) stealing: private. In private. Used as a polite expression here. Military adviser: the words of Sima Guang. The ancients wrote letters to show respect for each other's words.
Location of business trip: traveling together, which means communicating with colleagues.
(5) Fuck: Hold it and use it. Operation: method, proposition.
(6)guū: it is difficult to explain. Me: The sound is very noisy. See also: passive.
(7) Abbreviation: Abbreviation. Report: Write it for you. Reply: refers to Wang Anshi's short reply after receiving Sima Guang's first letter.
(8) think twice: think twice before you act. Depending on the thickness of the encounter: the meaning of the value, depending on the encounter: treatment.
(9) Repetition: refers to correspondence.
Reckless: simple and rude.
(10) Dojo: detailed description. So: the whole story.
(1 1) Ji (j): Hope.
(12) Confucianism: This refers to the general feudal literati.
(13) name and reality: name and reality.
(14) Blame (bàng): resentment, accusation.
(15) Owner: Emperor. This refers to Song Shenzong Zhao Yong.
(16) review of laws and regulations: discuss and review national laws and regulations. Revision: revision.
(17) Yus: an official with a heavy responsibility.
(18) Example: Implementation.
(19) Exorcism: Refuting false statements. Reject, refute, exclude.
(20) Difficult (nàn): censure. Everyone: Everyone refers to someone who is eloquent and flattering.
(2 1) Reality: Originally. Before: in advance.
T-shirt (XI): Be careful. Self-flattery in line with the secular: refers to identifying with the secular and flattering everyone.
(23) On: Your Majesty. This refers to Song Shenzong Zhao Yong. Yes: but.
(24) resistance: resistance, struggle. The pronoun refers to the "scholar-bureaucrat" mentioned above.
(25) angrily: noisy.
(26) Pan Geng: the monarch in the middle of Shang Dynasty. Shang dynasty used to build its capital in the election (now Qufu, Shandong Province) north of the Yellow River, and floods often occurred. In order to get rid of political difficulties and natural disasters, after Pan Geng ascended the throne, he decided to move the capital to Yin (now northwest of Anyang, Henan). This decision met with dissatisfaction and opposition from all over the country. Later, Pan Geng issued a proclamation to persuade them to complete the plan of moving the capital. See Shangshu Pan Geng.
(27) Xu (xū) complains: everyone complains. X: All of them.
Change the extent of it: change his original plan. Degree: Planning.
Creation background
In the first year of Xining (1068), Song Shenzong, who was newly acceded to the throne, asked Wang Anshi, "What is the first way to govern the country today?" Wang Anshi replied: "From the choice of surgery." In the second year of Xining, Song Shenzong asked Wang Anshi, "I don't know what your plan is, what is the first one?" Wang Anshi replied: "It is urgent to legislate to change customs. All customs that want beauty are long gentlemen, and villains are eliminated. This is also a question of the gentleman's courtesy and integrity ... "
In February of the second year of Xining (1069), Wang Anshi began to implement the new law and adopted a series of reform measures. Fan Zhen, an Hanlin scholar, thinks that the implementation of "Young Crop Law" is to become rich and take more and less, but "taking less and taking more is still fifty steps and a hundred steps". In July and August, Fan Chunren wrote to the emperor, publicly accusing Anshi of "taking advantage" and giving up "knowing Yao and Shun to protect the people". In the proposal, Cheng Lu wrote to Wang Anshi and said, "Sure! Once Song Shenzong and Wen Yanbo discussed the matter of political reform, Zong Shen said: "If the legal system is strengthened, how unhappy the literati are, why are the people inconvenient?" Wen Yanbo said: "Rule the world by literature, not by the people. "
Content appreciation
The argument of the full text is aimed at Sima Guang's accusation that the new law "invades officials, causes troubles, levies profits, refuses to remonstrate and complains", and points out that the dispute between Confucianism lies in name and reality. Justified, the world is cold. This shows that the reform is correct. Sima Guang's attacks are untrue and absurd. This paper refutes Sima Guang's fallacies one by one, reveals its conservative and decadent nature, and shows the author's determination to persist in reform and not be moved by gossip.
As soon as I write here, it seems that the words have been finished. However, the author, playing hard to get, made way first, saying that if the other party blamed himself for being in office for a long time and failed to help the emperor do great things and benefit the people, he would be guilty. Although this is not the original intention of this article, it is from the heart. Then he reversed the past and made a positive statement: "If today, when everything is idle, and you just keep the same as before, it is not something you dare to know." Euphemistic tone contains sharp edge, which breaks the ideological essence of conservatives represented by Sima Guang, and directly hits the other side, leaving it exposed and speechless.
This short message is excellent in writing, economical and persuasive in writing, euphemistic and solemn in tone, and neither hurts personal friendship nor compromises opposing opinions. The author's rhetoric and logical reasoning are carried out step by step from near to far, from far to near, and layer by layer by using the methods of refutation, guidance, comparison, proof, inspiration and analogy according to specific people and specific occasions. It is a typical work that criticizes political papers.
Brief introduction of the author
Wang Anshi (102 1-65438+ Linchuan, Fuzhou (now Liyang Village, Shangchi, dongxiang county, Fuzhou) was an outstanding politician, thinker and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was born in a small official family. Father's benefit, word loss, is a judge of Linjiang army, and he has served as a county official in several States all his life. Anshi doesn't like reading very much and has a strong memory. He received a good education from an early age. In the second year of Li Qing (1042), Yang Town ranked fourth in the Jinshi list, and successively served as a judge in Huainan, a magistrate in Yinxian County, a judge, a magistrate in Changzhou, a criminal prison in Jiangdong, Tiaodian and other local officials. In the fourth year of Zhiping (1067), Zong Shenchu acceded to the throne, and Zhao 'an was called a bachelor of Hanlin from Jiangning Government School. In the second year of Xining (1069), he was promoted to participate in politics. Since Xining three years ago, he has served as a member of the same school twice to publicize the new law. After nine years in Xining, he lived in seclusion in Zhongshan, Jiangning (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) and died.