Five tour guides of Sun Yat-sen's former residence in Guangdong (1)
Ladies and gentlemen,
Hello, welcome to Zhongshan, I'm your tour guide.
Sun Yat-sen's former residence memorial hall is located in Cuiheng Village, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province. Surrounded by mountains on three sides and the Pearl River Estuary in the east, it is 20 kilometers away from Zhongshan, 90 kilometers away from Guangzhou and 30 kilometers away from Macau. It faces Shenzhen and Hong Kong across the Pearl River estuary. The museum was established in 1956, with a management area of 200,000 square meters and employees 135. It is now a national first-class museum and a national AAAA-level tourist attraction. According to the functions of the International Association of Museums (ICOM) and the national cultural relics authorities on collection, exhibition, education and scientific research, as well as the business situation of the museum, with the approval of the higher authorities, the museum currently has three institutional names: Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall, Sun Yat-sen Folk Museum and Sun Yat-sen Research Institute. "Zhongshan Folk Museum" conducts research on folk culture in Cuiheng Village and the Pearl River Delta region, collects folk cultural relics, displays folk houses and customs, rescues and protects folk cultural relics and folk culture, thus protecting and setting off the historical and cultural atmosphere of Sun Yat-sen and his former residence. The main business of "Sun Yat-sen College" is: 1, research on the social environment of Sun Yat-sen's birth and growth (including folk customs in the Pearl River Delta); 2. Research on Sun Yat-sen's life experience: 3. Research on Sun Yat-sen's family background, relatives and descendants: 4. Research on Sun Yat-sen and his contemporaries (especially Xiangshan people); 5. Research on Sun Yat-sen's related cultural relics: 6. Research on Sun Yat-sen's thoughts; 7. Research on related museum business and audience service projects; 8. Relevant scientific research organization work.
The memorial hall adheres to the purpose of "protecting cultural relics and their development environment", the concept of "vitality only with characteristics", the "old-fashioned" protection of value, memory, history and culture, and the modern management concept and technical means of carrying out business and implementing management work, and actively innovates. From February of 200 1 year, ISO900 1 quality management and ISO 1400 1 environmental management systems were introduced, and the scientific management of museum business, cultural relics environment and natural ecology was implemented with modern system theory and internationally recognized standard system.
The exhibition system of the memorial hall adheres to the theme of "Sun Yat-sen and the social environment in which he grew up" and relies on Cuiheng Village, a famous Chinese historical and cultural village. It has both historical commemoration and folklore, and the combination of material and intangible cultural heritage constitutes a three-dimensional multi-dimensional, unique interaction and rich connotation display system, which has the basic elements of a modern ecological museum.
Zhongshan Folk Museum was established on February 28th, 1998, 1998. It is a new museum based on Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall, with the responsibility of protecting Zhongshan folk cultural relics and promoting folk culture, and combining exhibition with display. Since its opening, it has been well received by experts and audiences.
The folk museum is divided into two parts: the first is the residential exhibition area, which is divided into two parts: the residential exhibition and the folk exhibition. Give priority to the display of cultural relics, so that tourists can experience the world and have an intuitive understanding of the social conditions and customs of Sun Yat-sen in his early growth period. The agricultural exhibition area is characterized by the combination of cultural relics display and agricultural demonstration, paying equal attention to knowledge and history, which is particularly attractive to the younger generation.
The establishment of Zhongshan Folk Museum has not only done a lot of work for the protection of folk cultural relics, but also brought a wonderful journey to the audience, making the exhibition of Sun Yat-sen's former residence memorial hall richer and more three-dimensional.
Sun Yat-sen's former residence memorial hall is located in Cuiheng Village, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province. It is a memorial museum with Sun Yat-sen's former residence as the main body. Founded in 1956 1 1, it mainly displays Sun Yat-sen's former residence, Sun Yat-sen's life story exhibition and Cuiheng residential exhibition. The museum is under the management of Zhongshan Municipal Bureau of Culture, Radio, Film and Television Press and Publication. In May 2008, it was announced by National Cultural Heritage Administration as the first batch of national first-class museums.
Sun Yat-sen's former residence is the only national key cultural relics protection unit in Zhongshan. Located in Cuiheng Village, nanlang town, it covers an area of 500 square meters and has a building area of 340 square meters. It was built by Dr. Sun Yat-sen after his eldest brother Sun Mei remitted money from Honolulu in 1892. Sun Yat-sen's former residence is a two-story building with brick and wood structure and a combination of Chinese and western styles. The courtyard is surrounded by walls. Is there one outside the main gate of the fence? Former residence of Sun Yat-sen, a national key cultural relics protection unit? Stone tablet Is there calligraphy on the south side of the main entrance of Soong Ching Ling's former residence? Former residence of Sun Yat-sen? Woodcut plaque Sun Yat-sen's former residence looks like western architecture. There are seven red decorative arches on the upper floor of the building. A gray sculpture decorated with a halo in the middle of the eaves, and a flying eagle with a money ring in its mouth carved under the ring. The interior design of the building adopts the traditional architectural form of China, with the main hall in the middle and two left and right wings. The brick walls of the four walls are brick gray, with white lines drawn, and the windows face under the main beam. This building has many doors, windows and passages. There are doors leading to the street in front, back, left and right. Turn left and right to return to the original starting point. There is a couplet at the main entrance: get one place, get one place. ? This was written by Sun Yat-sen after the building was completed. There is a well on the right side of the yard, and around it (about 32 square meters) is the location of Sun Yat-sen's old house when he was born. 1866165438+1October 12. Sun Yat-sen was born here. The main hall of the former residence was decorated by Sun Yat-sen himself. 1883, he brought back two kerosene lamps from Honolulu and put them on the bar. The back seat is Sun Yat-sen's mother's bedroom, and the south side of the main hall is Sun Yat-sen's eldest brother and his wife Tan's bedroom. The North Wing is the bedroom of Dr. Sun Yat-sen and his wife Lu Muzhen. The big wooden bed, dresser and stool used in those years are still there. Sun Yat-sen lived here from 1892 to 1895 and 19 12. On the south side of the second floor is Sun Yat-sen's study room, with photos of Sun Yat-sen 17 years old hanging on the wall. There are tables, chairs and iron beds that Sun Yat-sen uses every day. /kloc-in the winter of 0/893, Sun Yat-sen studied ancient and modern books in this study to explore the truth of saving the country and the people, and drafted "On Li Hongzhang's Book" here, proposing? Can people make the best use of everything, people make the best use of their talents, and people make the best use of them? This idea. In 1895, I discussed the strategy of saving the country with Lu in this study and treated the villagers here. In the south of the courtyard of the former residence, there is a hippopotamus chef tree that Dr. Sun Yat-sen brought from Honolulu in 1883. It is thriving here, with a brick terrace in the north. Around the former residence are the remains of Sun Yat-sen's youth activities. When Sun Yat-sen was 7 to 12 years old, he often worked with his sister Qian Miao in Jinluo Mountain. The ancient well halfway up the mountain is the well he often carries water home. Sun Yat-sen also often catches fish and swims in Lanxi creek at the foot of the mountain. The big banyan tree in front of the courtyard of his former residence is the place where he often listens to the old man Feng who participated in the Taiping Army telling the story of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom generals against the Qing Dynasty. [2-3] It is reported that the total investment of Sun Yat-sen's former residence project is about 654.38+0.3 billion yuan. Through the construction of Sun Yat-sen's former residence, the core scenic spot will be built into an international leisure and holiday town integrating modernity and history, and it is planned to create a national 5A-level tourist scenic spot within three to five years. The Xinhai Revolution Memorial Park covers an area of 19.8 mu with a total investment of about 39.32 million yuan, which has been completed.
Five tour guides of Sun Yat-sen's former residence in Guangdong (2)
Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum was founded in 1928 and completed in 1930. The shape of the monument can be said to be original. Seen from a distance, it is very big. Words? Words stand in the sky. Sun Yat-sen's masterpiece "Yixian" comes from "Monument"? Words? This word has the meaning of Sun Wen. Look at the bronze statues and monuments carefully? Words? A little bit of words, the steps on both sides cross, constitute? Words? An apostrophe and a stammer. The front of the monument is engraved with? Honey, sincerely? Four big characters. ? Honey, sincerely? It is the motto of the military academy, which means that everyone should help each other, love each other and cooperate sincerely. The monument is engraved with inscriptions on all sides.
There are 7 floors at the bottom of the base and 5 floors at the top, which are completely separated by a long checkpoint. It is said that level 7 represents the military academy, which has held seven sessions here, while level 5 represents the teachers and students of the military academy, participated in five battles and won many victories. There is also a saying that the military academy has set up seven schools in cheung chau island, five schools in other places and 12 schools in Chinese mainland.
The red pattern on the pedestal is said to be Christianity-Christianity. It is said that Sun Yat-sen believes in Christianity, while Kong Xiangxi, Chiang Kai-shek and the Song family are devout Christians, so it is not surprising to decorate this pattern.
The bronze statue of Dr. Sun Yat-sen is dressed in a suit, with his left hand akimbo and his right hand stretched forward, facing the public and radiant, as if he had stood on the podium and told a story before his death? Three individualism? The principle of. The bronze statue was presented by Sun Yat-sen's good friend and Japanese friend Zhuang Ji. Mei Wu Zhuang Ji and Sun Yat-sen maintained a friendship for 30 years and actively supported Sun Yat-sen's career. He was very sad when he learned that Dr. Sun Yat-sen had died of illness. What should he write in memory of Dr. Sun Yat-sen? Later, he decided to cast a bronze statue as a souvenir, so that when people saw the bronze statue, they naturally thought of Dr. Sun Yat-sen's revolution and great life. Zhuang Ji Maywood originally wanted to cast seven bronze statues in Japan and China, but his business was bad, and he was bankrupt and sick. In order to solve the casting cost, he was sick and raised money everywhere, and even his daughter's wedding savings were misappropriated. This statue was created by sculptor Ji Ze Makita. Finally, due to lack of funds, only four statues were cast and shipped to China. One statue stands here, and the other three are erected in Guangzhou Sun Yat-sen University, Nanjing Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum and Macau Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall. The four bronze statues are identical, both 2.6 meters high and weighing about 20xx. 12 In March, when Sun Yat-sen was dying in Beiping, his voice gave a faint intermittent cry. Peace, struggle, save China? These seven words express his ideal. The inscription on the tablet was written by He Sui, a representative of the military academy. He Sui has three sons, one of whom is Ho, the current president of Huangpu Alumni Association, and the other two sons also hold important positions in the government. Some people say that what generation of school affairs, the father is a national party member, three sons are * * *, this is a typical cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and the cooperation is also very pleasant.
On the back of the monument, there is a portrait of the prime minister: Gentleman's way, the world is public; Mr. Zhi, a family in the world; Three people establish the country and let it be in the middle; In our school, it is spring breeze; The river is never wasted, and it will last forever. ? This is a portrayal of Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary life, and it is also an oath for teachers and students to inherit Sun Yat-sen's legacy.
The west side is engraved with the motto of the Prime Minister: The Three People's Principles are adhered to by our Party. Established the Republic of China and entered Datong. Childos, the vanguard of the people. Stay up late, in a broad sense. Diligence is courage, and faith is loyalty. Be of one mind and one mind from beginning to end. ? 1927 after the Kuomintang made Nanjing its capital, what was the motto of the Prime Minister? It became the national anthem of the people of China. During People's Republic of China (PRC)'s time, the Prime Minister's Memorial Week was held every Monday, and this song was sung and the Prime Minister's will was recited.
Most general monuments face south, but this monument faces south. It is said that it implies Sun Yat-sen's last wish of setting the Central Plains in the north and unifying China.
Five tour guides of Sun Yat-sen's former residence in Guangdong (3)
Sun Yat-sen's former residence memorial hall is located in Cuiheng Village, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, covering an area of more than 2,500 square meters, with an exhibition area of 1 100 square meters. It is mainly composed of the former residence of Sun Yat-sen and the Museum of Sun Yat-sen Cultural Relics.
Sun Yat-sen's former residence is the only national key cultural relics protection unit in Zhongshan. Located in Cuiheng Village, Nanlang Town, Zhongshan, it covers an area of 500 square meters and has a building area of 340 square meters. It was built by Dr. Sun Yat-sen after his eldest brother Sun Mei remitted money from Honolulu in 1892.
Sun Yat-sen's former residence is a two-story building with brick and wood structure and a combination of Chinese and western styles. The courtyard is surrounded by walls. Is there one outside the main gate of the fence? Former residence of Sun Yat-sen, a national key cultural relics protection unit? Stone tablet Is there calligraphy on the south side of the main entrance of Soong Ching Ling's former residence? Former residence of Sun Yat-sen? Woodcut plaque Sun Yat-sen's former residence looks like western architecture. There are seven red decorative arches on the upper floor of the building. A gray sculpture decorated with a halo in the middle of the eaves, and a flying eagle with a money ring in its mouth carved under the ring. The interior design of the building adopts the traditional architectural form of China, with the main hall in the middle and two left and right wings. The brick walls of the four walls are brick gray, with white lines drawn, and the windows face under the main beam. This building has many doors, windows and passages. There are doors leading to the street in front, back, left and right. Turn left and right to return to the original starting point. There is a couplet at the main entrance: get one place, get one place. ? This was written by Sun Yat-sen after the building was completed. There is a well on the right side of the yard, and around it (about 32 square meters) is the location of Sun Yat-sen's old house when he was born. 1866165438+1October 12. Sun Yat-sen was born here.
The main hall of the former residence was decorated by Sun Yat-sen himself. 1883, he brought back two kerosene lamps from Honolulu and put them on the bar. The back seat is Sun Yat-sen's mother's bedroom, and the south side of the main hall is Sun Yat-sen's eldest brother and his wife Tan's bedroom. The North Wing is the bedroom of Dr. Sun Yat-sen and his wife Lu Muzhen. The big wooden bed, dresser and stool used in those years are still there. Sun Yat-sen lived here from 1892 to 1895 and 19 12. On the south side of the second floor is Sun Yat-sen's study room, with photos of Sun Yat-sen 17 years old hanging on the wall. There are tables, chairs and iron beds that Sun Yat-sen uses every day. /kloc-in the winter of 0/893, Sun Yat-sen studied ancient and modern books in this study to explore the truth of saving the country and the people, and drafted "On Li Hongzhang's Book" here, proposing? Can people make the best use of everything, people make the best use of their talents, and people make the best use of them? This idea. In 1895, I discussed the strategy of saving the country with Lu in this study and treated the villagers here.
In the south of the courtyard of the former residence, there is a hippopotamus chef tree that Dr. Sun Yat-sen brought from Honolulu in 1883. It is thriving here, with a brick terrace in the north.
Around the former residence are the remains of Sun Yat-sen's youth activities. When Sun Yat-sen was 7 years old to 12 years old, he often cut wood with his sister Sun in Langshan, Jinbei. The ancient well halfway up the mountain is the well he often carries water home. Sun Yat-sen also often catches fish and swims in Lanxi creek at the foot of the mountain. Sun Yat-sen, whose name is Deming and Yixian. He was once called Zhongshan Joe, and later he was called Zhongshan. June 1866 1 12 was born in Cuiheng Village. Childhood yearned for the revolution of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. 1892, under the cover of practicing medicine in Macao and Hong Kong, carried out political activities to save the nation and survive. 1894, he wrote to Li Hongzhang, putting forward innovative political ideas, which were rejected, making him realize that only the revolution overthrew the Qing government could save China. So he went to Honolulu to contact overseas Chinese, publicize the revolution, organize and set up the earliest bourgeois revolutionary group in China-Xingzhonghui, and put forward the idea of overthrowing the Qing government and establishing a bourgeois democratic republic. 1895 planned the Guangzhou Uprising and went into exile; 1900 failed to launch the Huizhou Uprising and continued revolutionary activities abroad. 1905, Sun Yat-sen led the Hui people in Zhong Xing in Japan, joined Zhong Xing Hui people and Guangfu Hui people to form the China League, was elected as prime minister, and formulated the political program of expelling the Tatars, restoring China, establishing the Republic of China and sharing land equally. For the first time, the three people's principles (nationality, civil rights and people's livelihood) were publicly put forward, demanding national independence and establishing a Republic. Since 1906, several armed uprisings have been held and all failed.
19110 June10 The Chinese Alliance led by Sun Yat-sen and other revolutionary groups, relying on the strength of communist party and the new army, revolted in Wuchang, and the provinces responded one after another. The reactionary rule of the Qing Dynasty soon collapsed. 12 In June, Sun Yat-sen returned to Shanghai, and was elected as interim president after the meeting of representatives of 17 provinces. On June 5438+09 12, 1, the provisional government of the Republic of China was established in Nanjing. In April, he was forced to resign as interim president. 19 13 years, because Yuan Shikai sent someone to assassinate Song, Sun Yat-sen flatly advocated begging Yuan and launched a "second revolution" to beg Yuan. Due to internal disagreement, it failed immediately. Later, in 19 14, the China Revolutionary Party was formed, and it was elected as the Prime Minister, and then the second "Begging Yuan Declaration" was issued. 19 17, the National Assembly was dissolved and the Provisional Constitution was undermined. Sun Yat-sen set up a military government to protect the country in Guangzhou, was elected as a grand marshal, swore the Northern Expedition, and was held hostage by warlords in Guangxi. 19 19 was forced to resign to Shanghai, founded a construction magazine, published an industrial plan, and reorganized China Revolutionary Party into China Kuomintang.
192/kloc-0 became a very big president in Guangdong in, and retired to Shanghai because of the Chen Jiongming rebellion. The victory of Russian October Revolution, the rise of May 4th Movement and the establishment of China brought him new hope. He joined forces with the Soviet Union and China to reorganize the Kuomintang. 1923 After expelling Chen Jiongming, the Grand Marshal's Mansion was rebuilt in Guangzhou in February, and the first national congress of the Chinese Kuomintang was held in Guangzhou in 1924+0, which was implemented through a declaration. 1 1 month, at the invitation of Feng Yuxiang, went north to discuss the country, and died in Beijing on March 1925.
The big banyan tree in front of the courtyard of his former residence is the place where he often listens to the old man Feng who participated in the Taiping Army telling the story of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom generals against the Qing Dynasty.
? Come from the back? The banner was written by Sun Yat-sen 192 1 personally to Cuiheng School, which reflected his concern and support for the education in his hometown. This is also the only inscription by Sun Yat-sen for his hometown.
Sun Yat-sen took a group photo with his family. 19 12 in may, sun yat-sen resigned as interim president and returned to his hometown. The photo taken with his family in front of his home is the only photo of Sun Yat-sen in Cuiheng Village.
The quotation sheet of building materials for the former residence is the quotation sheet of building materials when the former residence of Dr. Sun Yat-sen in Cuiheng 1892 was built in March. The list lists the scale, materials, working hours, cost and structure of the building project of Sun Yat-sen's former residence, which is an important historical evidence of the building of Sun Yat-sen's former residence.
The Genealogy of Cuiheng Sun Shi records the general situation that Cuiheng Sun Shi moved from Dongguan to Xiangshan, and the reasons and process of 1880 moving into the ancestral grave, as well as the times, names, spouses' surnames, dates of birth and death, burial places, etc. from the 5th to 13th generations.
Five tour guides of Sun Yat-sen's former residence in Guangdong (4)
China people all over the world know Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the pioneer of our great democratic revolution. In China, there are buildings commemorating Sun Yat-sen in many places. For example, the former residence of Sun Yat-sen in Cuiheng Village, Zhongshan City, Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in Nanjing and Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall in Taiwan Province Province. Guangzhou Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall was built more than 60 years ago and donated by Guangdong people and overseas Chinese to express their admiration for Dr. Sun Yat-sen.
Sun Yat-sen
What is Sun Yat-sen's name? Zhongshan? Is that his last name? Sun? Name? Words? , number? Yixian? What's his nickname? Zhongshan? . Sun Yat-sen was born in1866165438+10/2. He studied medicine in Hong Kong when he was young, and then treated in Guangzhou and Macau. During this period, influenced by bourgeois revolutionary thought, he began to take part in the revolution. He founded the Zhong Xing League and the China League. The alliance has proposed? Drive out the Tatars, restore China, establish the Republic of China, and equal rights? Platform and? Nationality, civil rights and people's livelihood? Three People's Principles. 19 1 1 year, Sun Yat-sen did the most influential thing in his life, that is, he led the Xinhai Revolution to overthrow the feudal monarchy that ruled China for more than 2,000 years.
Sun Yat-sen established political power in Guangzhou three times: the first time was in 19 17, and an extraordinary parliament was held in Guangzhou. Protect the junta? As a marshal, Sun Yat-sen vowed to the Northern Expedition; The second time was in 192 1 year. At that time, Sun Yat-sen took office as a very big president in Guangzhou, and the presidential palace was in the place where Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall is now located. The third time was at 1923. After Sun Yat-sen expelled Chen Jiongming, he rebuilt the Grand Marshal's Mansion in Guangzhou.
1924, Dr. Sun Yat-sen, who worked hard for the China Revolution, fell ill. He has liver cancer, but he is still working hard for the future of China revolution. 1925 In March, Sun Yat-sen died in Beijing at the age of 59. Date of birth and death of Dr. Sun Yat-sen 12. Because Sun Yat-sen liked to plant trees before his death, the government designated March 12 as? China Arbor Day? .
In the second year after Sun Yat-sen's death, that is, 1926, in order to commemorate his achievements, the then Guangdong National Government allocated/kloc-0.000 million taels of silver to build the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall in Guangzhou, and the site was selected at the former site of the Presidential Palace at the southern foot of Yuexiu Mountain. This presidential palace was originally used for marking and arrows in the Qing dynasty, and later it was changed into a training ground. After the Revolution of 1911, it was occupied by the warlord Long Jiguang. 192 1 year, Sun Yat-sen became a very big president here, and this became the presidential palace. 1922, the army of rebel Chen Jiongming leveled the presidential palace with artillery. At that time, Sun Yat-sen and his family jumped off the wall to escape. Later, when people in Guangzhou and some patriotic overseas Chinese heard that the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall would be built, they all gave generously. The designer of the memorial hall is Lv Yanzhi, a famous designer in China. Lv Yanzhi, a native of Shandong, is very famous in the domestic architectural field. He also designed the Nanjing Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum. Unfortunately, he died young at the age of 35 and failed to witness the completion of the memorial hall. 1929, 1 foundation laying, 193 1 memorial hall completed, which lasted for 3 years. After liberation, the government allocated huge sums of money to decorate the memorial hall many times. Now the facilities of the memorial hall are very advanced, including central air conditioning, advanced stage acoustics, lighting control system, fire control center and VIP reception hall, which are really beautiful every year.
Brief introduction of Zhongshan memorial hall
The square in front of the memorial hall is divided into east and west parts. There is a flagpole and a crane watch in the East and West Square, which are symmetrical about the north-south axis of the memorial hall. There are more than 70 kinds of flowers and trees in this square, such as kapok, Prynne, Osmanthus fragrans and Xiao He. They bloom in different seasons, so they bloom all the year round. These trees are kapok trees, also called hero trees. Kapok is the city flower of Guangzhou. At the north gate of the square, there is a 300-year-old kapok tree that belongs to Guangzhou? Kapok king? .
In front of the hall stands a bronze statue in memory of Sun Yat-sen. 1945, the memorial hall only had this base, but there was no bronze statue. 1945 In the spring, Sun Yat-sen University lent the bronze statue of Sun Yat-sen to the memorial hall and put it here. It was not until 1956 that the sculptor Yin Jichang and others created a bronze statue of Sun Yat-sen and put it here, and the original bronze statue was returned to Sun Yat-sen University. There are four bronze statues of Sun Yat-sen made by Yin Jichang, three of which are in Guangdong. In addition to this, one is in Huangpu Military Academy, one is in Sun Yat-sen Medical University, and the other is in Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in Nanjing. The shape of this bronze statue is exquisite. What does Sun Yat-sen's left hand stand for? Nationality, civil rights and people's livelihood? The Three People's Principles, with five fingers on crutches in the right hand, represents the five-power constitution. The bronze statue has a profound meaning, indicating that the creator's mind is very close. The base is engraved with the outline of the establishment of the National Government. It contains the concrete contents of the Three People's Principles, the five-power constitution and the party-building procedures.
The main building of the memorial hall is an octagonal palace building with a building area of 65,438+2,000 square meters. Its roof is octagonal, covered with sapphire glazed tiles and divided into four layers. There is a gold plaque inscribed by Sun Yat-sen on the front of the lobby? The world is public? ; The pedestal and steps around the lobby are all granite, which is both solemn and elegant. Seen from the whole building, it is rich in the national style and artistic features of China traditional architecture, and it is worthy of being a classic of China traditional architecture.
The architectural structure of the memorial hall is very ingenious. Many people think that the memorial hall is made of all-wood structure. In fact, it is made of reinforced concrete. The height from the ground to the top of the hall is 58 meters, and the north-south width is 7 1 meter. The auditorium is divided into two floors, eight stairs and 1 1 entrances, with a total of 5,000 seats. Then you may be surprised, why can't you see a pillar supporting the roof in such a big lobby? It turns out that there are eight pillars here, but they are all hidden in the surrounding inner wall, supporting the eight corners of the top cover. The top cover is divided into three layers, the upper layer is an ivory arc dome, the middle layer has a glass skylight, and the lower layer is a decorative moire oblique square. Take a look, we don't turn on the light now, but the whole memorial hall is very bright. Light enters the hall through the glass skylight, so that the whole hall is full of light without lighting. Because the pillar is hidden in the wall, no matter where the audience sits, the view of the stage will not be blocked; And there is no echo in the hall, even if you sit in the farthest corner, you can clearly hear the sound of the stage. These are all ingenious designs of the memorial hall.
The stage in the museum is 19 m wide and 15 m deep. This is famous? The wishes of the Prime Minister? Written by Wang Jingwei. Is there a sentence in the will? The revolution has not yet succeeded, but comrades still have to work hard? This is a well-known saying.
The construction of the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall, together with the Sun Yat-sen Monument at the top of Yuexiu Mountain, will cost more than 3 million silver dollars. Maybe people living in our time don't know much about the value of silver dollar, but at that time, a silver dollar could buy 40 kilograms of rice, but now we need 60 yuan or so to buy 40 kilograms of rice. After conversion, one silver dollar is equal to 60 yuan RMB, and that 3 million silver dollars is 65.438+0.8 billion RMB. It can be seen that this was also a high cost at that time.
Five tour guides of Sun Yat-sen's former residence in Guangdong (5)
Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum was founded in 1928 and completed in 1930. The shape of the monument can be said to be original. Seen from a distance, it is very big. Words? Words stand in the sky. Sun Yat-sen's masterpiece "Yixian" comes from "Monument"? Words? This word has the meaning of Sun Wen. Look at the bronze statues and monuments carefully? Words? A little bit of words, the steps on both sides cross, constitute? Words? An apostrophe and a stammer. The front of the monument is engraved with? Honey, sincerely? Four big characters. ? Honey, sincerely? It is the motto of the military academy, which means that everyone should help each other, love each other and cooperate sincerely. The monument is engraved with inscriptions on all sides.
There are 7 floors at the bottom of the base and 5 floors at the top, which are completely separated by a long checkpoint. It is said that level 7 represents the military academy, which has held seven sessions here, while level 5 represents the teachers and students of the military academy, participated in five battles and won many victories. There is also a saying that the military academy has set up seven schools in cheung chau island, five schools in other places and 12 schools in Chinese mainland.
The red pattern on the pedestal is said to be Christianity-Christianity. It is said that Sun Yat-sen believes in Christianity, while Kong Xiangxi, Chiang Kai-shek and the Song family are devout Christians, so it is not surprising to decorate this pattern.
The bronze statue of Dr. Sun Yat-sen is dressed in a suit, with his left hand akimbo and his right hand stretched forward, facing the public and radiant, as if he had stood on the podium and told a story before his death? Three individualism? The principle of. The bronze statue was presented by Sun Yat-sen's good friend and Japanese friend Zhuang Ji. Mei Wu Zhuang Ji and Sun Yat-sen maintained a friendship for 30 years and actively supported Sun Yat-sen's career. He was very sad when he learned that Dr. Sun Yat-sen had died of illness. What should he write in memory of Dr. Sun Yat-sen? Later, he decided to cast a bronze statue as a souvenir, so that when people saw the bronze statue, they naturally thought of Dr. Sun Yat-sen's revolution and great life. Zhuang Ji Maywood originally wanted to cast seven bronze statues in Japan and China, but his business was bad, and he was bankrupt and sick. In order to solve the casting cost, he was sick and raised money everywhere, and even his daughter's wedding savings were misappropriated. This statue was created by sculptor Ji Ze Makita. Finally, due to lack of funds, only four statues were cast and shipped to China. One statue stands here, and the other three are erected in Guangzhou Sun Yat-sen University, Nanjing Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum and Macau Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall. The four bronze statues are identical, both 2.6 meters high and weighing about 20xx. 12 In March, when Sun Yat-sen was dying in Beiping, his voice gave a faint intermittent cry. Peace, struggle, save China? These seven words express his ideal. The inscription on the tablet was written by He Sui, a representative of the military academy. He Sui has three sons, one of whom is Ho, the current president of Huangpu Alumni Association, and the other two sons also hold important positions in the government. Some people say that what generation of school affairs, the father is a national party member, three sons are * * *, this is a typical cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and the cooperation is also very pleasant.
On the back of the monument, there is a portrait of the prime minister: Gentleman's way, the world is public; Mr. Zhi, a family in the world; Three people establish the country and let it be in the middle; In our school, it is spring breeze; The river is never wasted, and it will last forever. ? This is a portrayal of Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary life, and it is also an oath for teachers and students to inherit Sun Yat-sen's legacy.
The west side is engraved with the motto of the Prime Minister: The Three People's Principles are adhered to by our Party. Established the Republic of China and entered Datong. Childos, the vanguard of the people. Stay up late, in a broad sense. Diligence is brave, and faith is loyal. Be of one mind and one mind from beginning to end. ? 1927 after the Kuomintang made Nanjing its capital, what was the motto of the Prime Minister? It became the national anthem of the people of China. During People's Republic of China (PRC)'s time, the Prime Minister's Memorial Week was held every Monday, and this song was sung and the Prime Minister's will was recited.
Most general monuments face south, but this monument faces south. It is said that it implies Sun Yat-sen's last wish of setting the Central Plains in the north and unifying China.