Question 2: What do college students in imperial academy mean? Imperial academy was the highest institution of learning in ancient China. Its students are mainly the children of the first-class juren, the top scholars in various provinces, and the heroes who have won the title. The teachers in class are all officials who are proficient in Confucian classics, even including ministers and assistant ministers of the Ministry of Rites. Therefore, students in imperial academy are more likely to attend high school. In addition, in the early Ming Dynasty, students in imperial academy were directly employed by the emperor and eventually became senior officials.
Question 3: What is the original name of the Federalist Collection? the federalist papers
Question 4: imperial academy Beijing imperial academy Building Structure Beijing imperial academy is located atNo. 15, Guozijian Street (formerly known as Chengxian Street), Andingmen, Dongcheng District, Beijing, adjacent to Confucius Temple and Lama Temple. It is a national key cultural relic protection unit and a national 2A-level scenic spot. There are Huaiyin passages on both sides of imperial academy Street, and painted archways on both sides of the east and west ends of the street and imperial academy Gate. It is the only ancient street with four archways in Beijing. Imperial academy was founded in the 10th year of Yuan Dade (1306). It is the highest institution of learning established by the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, and it is also the organ in charge of the laws and regulations of Chinese studies. In the early Ming Dynasty, it was changed to Beiping Fu Xue, and in the second year of Yongle (1404), it was renamed imperial academy, which was followed by the Qing Dynasty. As an ancient central university, it has always been highly valued by the state, and there are many buildings, especially after the large-scale renovation in Yongle and Zhengtong years of the Ming Dynasty and the addition of Biyong in Qianlong years of the Qing Dynasty, which has formed today's architectural scale and pattern, covering an area of more than 27,000 square meters. Main Landscape: The building of imperial academy in Beijing faces south, and the central axis is Jixian Gate, Taixue Gate, Glass Archway, Biyong, Yilun Hall and Jingyi Pavilion in turn. There are "two halls and six halls", the Imperial Monument Pavilion and the Bell and Drum Tower on both sides of the main building, forming a traditional symmetrical pattern. On the east side of the front yard, there is a door connected with the Confucius Temple, which constitutes the "left temple and right school", and it is the only existing ancient central state-owned university building in China. The gate of imperial academy is called Jixian Gate. There are kiosks on the east and west sides of the door. The second door is called Taizhangmen, with the bell pavilion on the left and the drum pavilion on the right. There is a glazed archway in the north corridor of the gate, which is tall and gorgeous, with seven doors, four columns and seven seats. It is the only glazed archway specially built for education in Beijing. The front and back of the archway are engraved with "Love Bridge and Teach Ze" and "Watching the Sea Festival", both of which are imperial books of Emperor Qianlong. The archway is covered with yellow glazed tiles to show the royal tradition of attaching importance to learning and teaching. The square is surrounded by a yellow glazed tile pavilion with double eaves. To the north is the main building of Biyong. Jixian Gate Jixian Gate, imperial academy Gate, there is a well pavilion in the courtyard, and the worship gate on the east side is connected with the Confucius Temple. Imperial academy Gate enters the second gate of imperial academy, imperial academy Gate. After entering, it is the Second Hospital of imperial academy. There are glazed archway, Biyong and Yilun Hall. The colored glass archway passes through the imperial academy Gate, which is a large colored glass square archway of the second gate in imperial academy. It is the only archway in Beijing specially built for education. The banners on both sides are the imperial titles of the emperor, and they are the symbols of China's worship of culture and education in ancient times. Located in the gate of Jixian County, it is a glazed archway with three floors, four columns and seven floors, which lasted for 48 years (1783). On the front, there is an inscription of "Joey pays homage to Ze", and on the back, there are Xue Hai festivals and colorful paintings. It is the only glazed archway in Beijing that does not belong to temples. Glass archway Biyong Glass archway Biyong, built in 49 years of Qing Qianlong, is the central building of imperial academy. Built on the square platform in the center of the circular pool in the center of the central axis, it is a square pyramid-shaped roof hall with double eaves. Open the door on all sides and set up six steps. Biyong is surrounded by a long corridor, and exquisite bridges span the pool, connecting the temple with the courtyard. This architectural form symbolizes a round place. After Emperor Qianlong, every time the new emperor ascended the throne, he would come here to give lectures to show that the central government attached importance to higher education. Six halls are 33 rooms, which are located on the left and right sides of Biyong, and are collectively called six halls, namely: Frank Hall, Sincerity Hall, Aspiration Hall, Monk Hall, Justice Hall and Guangye Hall, which are classrooms for students of Hezi. Yi Lun Tang Yi Lun Tang, Wang Ma School in Yi Lun Tang, is located in the north of Biyong. Chongwen Pavilion was named in Yuan Dynasty, which was the library of Yuan Dynasty. Ming Yongle rebuilt, renamed Yilun Hall. This used to be the place where the early emperors gave lectures. After the construction of Biyong, it was changed into a library in the prison. JingYiTing JingYiTing, located behind YiLun Hall, is the third courtyard in imperial academy. Built in the seventh year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1528), it has a toasting wing, a manager wing and seven imperial tablets, which is the office place for imperial academy to toast. Stone carving of Thirteen Classics 190, originally located in the East and West Six Halls, is now collected in the corridor between imperial academy and Confucius Temple. These stone scriptures include 63 books, including Book of Changes, Shangshu, Book of Songs, Zhou Li, Yi Li, Book of Rites, Chunqiu Zuozhuan, Chunqiu Gongyang Biography, Chunqiu Guliang Biography, Analects of Confucius, Filial Piety, Mencius and Erya. Stone inscriptions in China began in the Han Dynasty, and this stone was written by Jiang Heng, which lasted for twelve years, from the fourth year of Yongzheng (1726) to the second year of Qianlong (1737). In the fifty-sixth year of Qianlong (179 1), the stone was engraved with a ginger script, which was built four years later and stood in the Sixth Hall of imperial academy. During the period of 1956, due to the renovation of imperial academy, Shijing was moved to the passage between imperial academy and Confucius Temple. Because it was carved in the Qianlong period, it is also known as the "Qianlong Stone Classic". Tourism season: the best tourism season in imperial academy ... >>
Question 5: What is the significance of Confucius Temple? In the cultural integration of China for more than two thousand years, the function of Confucius Temple has gone far beyond the significance of the memorial building itself and has become a symbol of multi-ethnic culture in China. The existence of Confucius Temple embodies the mainstream position of Confucianism in the traditional culture of China.
Confucius Temple complex has a long history, integrating history, architecture, sculpture, painting, calligraphy and other achievements. This is an ancient museum. It is not only the historical witness of the rulers' activities of respecting Confucianism and worshipping Confucius, but also the carrier of fully embodying China's traditional ideology and culture, and it is also the crystallization of the wisdom of the working people. Since its establishment, the Confucius Temple has had a great and far-reaching impact on the development of China society.
1. Cultural inheritance and enlightenment function. From the development history of Confucius Temple, we can see the track of China's cultural inheritance. At the beginning of Confucius Temple, the spread of Confucianism was still in the primary stage. Although the cultural policy of "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone" was established in the early Han Dynasty, it was difficult for Confucian academics to achieve the status of "respecting alone" because of the war between the local religious Taoist culture and the foreign Buddhist culture and the ideological confusion caused by the social division and turmoil that lasted for hundreds of years in the Three Kingdoms, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. However, during this period, Confucianism absorbed elements from other schools to meet the needs of society. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the world was unified, and the spirit and academic thoughts expounded by Confucius and the Confucian school he founded stood the test of time, and the value of Confucian culture was widely recognized by the society, thus making it possible to build Confucius temples on a large scale and spread Confucian culture for a long time. During the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the cultural policy of "respecting Confucianism alone" was followed, Confucius was constantly given a respected posthumous title, and the specifications of the Confucius Temple were improved many times, all of which showed the affirmation of the cultural value of Confucianism.
In addition to the Confucius Temple in Qufu, since the Northern Dynasties, relevant counties and counties all over the country have set up the Confucius Temple Learning Palace, which has since had the function of a "school". This important function has played a connecting role in the imperial examination system since Sui and Tang Dynasties. Especially from the Tang Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty, there were three rules for the study of temples, namely, the study before temples, the study of left temples and the study of right temples, and the study of left temples and the study of middle temples. The system of the integration of temple and learning made Confucian scholars in the past dynasties accept the influence of Confucianism here, and respecting and reading classics became an important part of school education, which trained scholars at different levels for each period.
Since Sui and Tang Dynasties, Confucianism has made great progress and gradually developed into the backbone of China traditional culture, and Confucius Temple is an important carrier of this culture. The worship of Confucius Temple is manipulated by the state, and its purpose is compulsory education, that is, "the temple worships the sages and learns the ethics of the Ming Dynasty" [8]. The worship of Confucius shows that the fundamental connotation of strict national education is the way of Confucius, and it pursues the idealized ritual order of "Jun Jun, ministers, father and son". "Benevolence, righteousness, propriety and happiness" is the way of Confucianism, and politics draws lessons from Confucianism in order to establish an orderly society and realize autocratic rule. "Confucius used Taoism, and the world worshiped it, not his own, but also taught Taoism" [9]. Therefore, offering sacrifices to Confucius is to praise the ideological system and theory he founded.
2. Promote the integration and unification of the Chinese nation. The establishment of Confucius temples in various places has made great contributions to promoting the integration and unity of the Chinese nation. At the request of feudal state laws and regulations, Confucius temples have been established in the central plains and frontier areas. "Since the Tang Dynasty, there have been no schools in all counties, so there are temples for saints in all schools" [10]. In the Liao Dynasty, there were imperial academy in Shangjing (now Zuoqinan, Bahrain, Inner Mongolia), Zhongjing (now West Daming City, Ningcheng, Inner Mongolia) and Xijing (now Datong, Shanxi), and a Confucius Temple was built next to it, offering sacrifices to sages and teachers on time [1 1]. Its states and counties also have Confucius temples. The Jin Dynasty followed the previous dynasty, and there were temples in all counties except the Confucius Temple in imperial academy. In the fourth year of Taihe in Zhang Zong (1204), "imperial edicts were sent to the secretariat, and there were no scholar-preached temples in all counties" [12]. After the Yuan Dynasty established Yunnan Province, Confucius Temple was built in Kunming in the 15th year from Yuan Shizu to Yuan Dynasty (1278). Since then, Confucius temples have been established and institutionalized in Dali, Jianshui, Tonghai and Shiping. By the end of the Qing dynasty, except for a few remote places in Yunnan province, almost all counties had Confucius temples. Known as the "First Temple in Hainan", Wenchang Confucius Temple was founded in the Northern Song Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty, and moved to Wencheng Town in the eighth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1375). Confucius Temple in Taiwan Province Province was first built in today's Tainan City, and was built in the fifth year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1666). Confucius Temple was built earlier in Taiwan Province Province, including Changhua County School (Yongzheng period), Fengshan County School (now Kaohsiung City) (Kangxi period) and Taipei Fu Xue School (Guangxu period). The establishment of Confucius Temple in remote areas has greatly improved the backwardness of local education.
Confucian culture is the spiritual wealth shared by the Chinese nation, not just monopolized by the Han nationality. This is easy to see from the race of the builders of Confucius Temple ... >>
Question 6: What is the significance of academy to the development of education? The significance of academy to education is as follows:
1. The collection of the college has preserved a great deal of cultural heritage. As academies were high-level educational institutions in ancient times, they all had a certain collection of books. And because many books are accumulated by the founders or directors of the academy, there are many rare books. In addition, due to the different schools or regions supported by the founders or directors of the academy, there will be different characteristics in the collection of books, some pay attention to the collection of local chronicles, and some pay attention to the classics of Zhu Cheng Neo-Confucianism, each with its own characteristics. Moreover, the academy carved books by itself, on the one hand, it promoted the development of printing, on the other hand, it preserved a large number of precious books, and through reprinting, these precious books were re-circulated in society. The collection of the academy has been enduring for a long time and passed down from generation to generation, and it has finally become a part of the collection of modern libraries and new schools in China, which has contributed greatly.
2. The academy pays attention to the use of books. By borrowing books, the circulation rate of books was greatly improved, which broke the situation that books in the Middle Ages were re-stored and not reused. In this process, I gradually accumulated rich experience in book collection management, which not only integrated the collection management system and methods of feudal society in China, but also pioneered the establishment of a new collection management system in modern libraries in China.
3. The collection of books in the academy promotes the cultivation of talents. The ancient academies in China were all guided by feudal thoughts and propagated the dominant Confucianism, so the feudal orthodox classics, history, books and collections constituted the main body of the academy's collection. However, the college also contains the element of free lectures. Some private or local colleges are keen on learning knowledge freely, and implement free lectures and "lectures" system in their colleges. Teaching methods are mostly enlightening and inducing, encouraging students to study by themselves and read widely, and teachers should give more guidance, give more opinions and solve doubts. Many scholars and students received this kind of education in the academy, which made academic contention more active and promoted the development of education in feudal society.
4. The collection of books in the academy has effectively spread the national science and culture. Historically, the history of Chinese academy books is far less than that of official books and private books, and the scale is not as large as the latter two. But the good news is that it is not shelved, only used by a few powerful people, nor strictly limited, only lent to relatives and friends, but has a much wider range of service objects for all students and scholars to read and study. In this way, on the one hand, it expanded the social function of book collection in China feudal society, on the other hand, it also created some people who devoted themselves to the nation.
5. The collection of books in the academy directly promoted the development of ancient academic research. Ancient academies gathered a large number of scholars, many of whom were famous. They not only give lectures and teach students, but also do academic research and write books. For example, in Song Dynasty, Zhu made great efforts to develop Neo-Confucianism in academy teaching. Scholars in Qing Dynasty, such as Huang Zongxi, Qian Daxin and Duan Yucai, were not only academy leaders, but also textual research scholars. They often make use of the rich collection of books in the Academy to do a lot of academic research, and made contributions to the academic researchers in ancient China.
Question 7: Did your boyfriend hug you all night just to sleep? Is there no * * *, or respect, or what? I think you have to answer this question. Why? Because others don't understand how you feel. If you are a pair of lovers who are usually very loving, and he is considerate to you in every way, fearing that you will be hurt a little, it means that your boyfriend really loves you. He slept with you all night, not because he had no idea, but because he was afraid that his impulse would hurt you. He is restraining himself. Out of love for you, there are not many such men now, so you should cherish them. But if you are indifferent at ordinary times and he is hot and cold to you, you have to find another way out. Maybe he doesn't love you anymore. Even at least a man's instinctive impulse is gone.