Wang Shouren, a thinker in Ming Dynasty, put forward:
In other words, understanding the truth of things and its application in reality are inseparable. This is the proposition of epistemology and practice in China's ancient philosophy, which mainly focuses on moral cultivation and practice.
Ancient philosophers in China believed that it was necessary not only to know ("knowledge"), but also to do ("behavior"). Only by unifying "knowledge" and "behavior" can it be called "goodness". The unity of conscience and knowing and doing is the core of Yangming culture.
There is a line in knowledge, and there is knowledge in the line. Wang Shouren believes that knowledge and action are the same thing, and cannot be divided into two parts. "Knowing and doing are two words, and it takes time to say it." From the perspective of moral education, it is of positive significance to attribute all morality to individual conscious action.
Because from the perspective of moral education, moral consciousness can not be separated from moral behavior, and moral behavior can not be separated from moral consciousness. The two are inseparable. Knowledge must be manifested in action, and failure cannot be regarded as real knowledge.
Moral knowledge and moral consciousness must be manifested as moral behavior. If you don't act, it can't be regarded as real knowledge. Wang Shouren thought: Conscience is everything, but conscious action means knowing. This is undoubtedly profound.
"Knowledge is the idea of doing, and doing is the work of knowing; Knowing is the beginning of doing, and doing is the achievement of knowing. " It means that morality is the guiding ideology of human behavior, and it is time to achieve "conscience" and act according to the requirements of morality. Ideological activity under the guidance of morality is the beginning of behavior, and behavior that meets the requirements of moral norms is the completion of "conscience"
Extended data:
Background:
After Wang Yangming opened the Dragon Field in Longchang Town, North xiuwen county, Guiyang County, he deeply realized the truth of life, which was a profound understanding after hard thinking. Wang Yangming believes that the attitude of mentality determines the way of behavior and world outlook, such as "kidnapping suspects" in Liezi's story.
From then on, he got rid of Zhu's theory and began to establish a great ideological system. The unity of knowing and doing is mainly aimed at and opposed to Zhu's thought. Oppose Cheng Xue's "learning to be excellent is to be an official, thinking that a prophet must know before he acts", and that a prophet should know his deeds and re-recognize his light, "saying nothing".
Schools including Lu Jiuyuan advocated "the unity of knowledge and practice", which divided knowledge and practice into two parts, and believed that knowledge must be recognized before knowledge practice. Wang Shouren advocated the unity of knowledge and action to correct Zhu Xue's bias.
History:
Knowing and doing is an important category of China's traditional philosophy, which began in Shangshu and Zuozhuan. The saying in Shangshu is "it is not difficult to know, but it is difficult to do". Will be discussed. Knowing cognition or conscience, behavior refers to behavior and behavior In the history of China's philosophy, the relationship between knowing and doing mainly refers to moral understanding and moral practice.
Its representative figures are Zhu,,. It also refers to the significance of general epistemology. Especially in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, the representatives were Sun Yat-sen and Mao Zedong.
After the Han Dynasty and before the establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty, Confucianism was impacted by the second son of Buddha, and its influence from the grassroots to the upper class of society was much weaker than that of the Han Dynasty. Therefore, in the Song Dynasty, on the one hand, great Confucians opposed Buddhism and revived the status of Confucianism, on the other hand, they hoped to establish a set of moral norms for the empire. Knowing and doing is the core of Confucian moral norms.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Unity of Knowledge and Practice