(1) Hereditary parents' personalities can be passed on to their children. The length of parents' figure also affects the next generation. The incidence of mental retardation in children of close relatives is higher than that in the general population, indicating that heredity is closely related to the growth and development of children.
(2) Nutritional status of pregnant women during pregnancy is related to fetal development. Insufficient nutrition of pregnant women will cause fetal growth retardation in the uterus, while excessive nutrition will lead to macrosomia and difficult delivery. Insufficient nutrition supply for a long time after birth will not only affect the growth rate of weight and height, but also have a negative impact on the development of intelligence. However, overnutrition will lead to obesity, which will have adverse effects on body and mind. In addition, zinc, iron, iodine and other trace elements are also closely related to children's physical and mental development.
(3) The diseases of pregnant women will affect the development of the fetus and even cause deformity. Perinatal birth injury, hypoxia, asphyxia, intracranial hemorrhage and other diseases can affect children's intellectual development. Acute diseases will obviously reduce weight after birth, while chronic diseases will affect weight and height. Some endocrine diseases are short stature. Mental retardation of different degrees sometimes occurs after brain trauma and infectious diseases of nervous system.
(4) Medication during pregnancy (especially in the first three months) has a great influence on the fetus. Pay attention to postpartum medication. If streptomycin, gentamicin and kanamycin are used in large doses or for a long time, children's hearing will be damaged. Long-term use of adrenocortical hormone leads to slow growth of height. Cytotoxic drugs and antithyroid drugs can directly or indirectly affect growth.
(5) Early education plays a positive role in promoting the psychological development of infants. Maternal-infant contact 1 hour after birth is closely related to the formation of the baby's future personality and positive emotions. Parents are children's first teachers and should set an example in daily life. In the process of educating the only child, we should prevent the weakness of pampering and poor self-care ability. In addition, through proper education, the intelligence level of people with mild mental retardation can be improved.
(6) The environment can make full use of sunshine, fresh air and water for physical exercise, and reasonable living system arrangement can promote physical and mental development. There should be some places at home for children to play games, do their homework or put their own toys and books. Avoid environmental noise, lead pollution, passive smoking and parents' words and deeds; These factors have adverse effects on children's physical and mental development.
In short, children's physical and mental development is the result of the interaction between genetic quality, environment and educational conditions and personal subjective efforts. Heredity provides material basis for children's physical and mental development, environment determines children's physical and mental development, and educational conditions play a leading role in children's physical and mental development. Teachers are a sacred profession, especially those of us who work with children, and we are even more proud. Enlightenment education will affect a child's life. Today, the times have entrusted preschool teachers with the heavy responsibility of education, and we are duty-bound to do so without delay. I will continue to urge myself to explore and learn more in practice, to be good at summing up experiences and lessons, to love them with love, to care for them with care, to have them with true feelings, to touch them with sincerity, to be a down-to-earth kindergarten teacher, to support the cradle of education with everyone and to train the next generation well!