First, the flexible use of teaching content, mining curriculum resources
Our textbooks are carefully selected and compiled, which contains rich and extensive psychological education content, which is closely related to students' psychological development. Science is especially helpful to cultivate the ability of observation and induction, and also helps to promote the combination of logical thinking quality and illogical thinking quality, and form the quality of scientific creative thinking. Science teaching also involves an important quality of modern people, namely the cultivation of scientific spirit and attitude.
For example, in the course of "Understanding Common Rocks", students' observation and understanding of rock characteristics are bound to make different discoveries. Because different methods or conditions are not well controlled, different experimental results will be obtained, so it is natural to ask for another experiment. Let the students experience the process of the experiment and understand that when an experiment can't solve the problem, they need to experiment again, even thousands of times. Thirdly, it is also a kind of scientific literacy.
Second, integrate the objectives of subject education and mental health education.
According to Bloom's taxonomy of educational goals, educational goals consist of three dimensions: one is the goal in the field of cognition, which consists of the goal of understanding and mastering knowledge and intellectual development; The second dimension is the goal of emotional field, which consists of interest goal, attitude and values goal, judgment goal and adaptive development goal. The third dimension is the goal of skill activity field, which consists of the goal of sports skills. The new curriculum standard expresses educational goals as knowledge and skills goals, process and method goals, emotional attitudes and values goals. In the initial stage of mental health education, the goals of emotional attitude and values can be regarded as the goals of psychological education.
In science teaching, different mental health education objectives should be determined according to the different teaching contents and tasks of each class. When preparing lessons, teachers should not only make clear the goals and unique tasks of psychological education, but also highlight the characteristics of scientific disciplines and closely combine them with the teaching content of the disciplines. Take "Understanding Common Rocks", a psychology infiltration course taught by the author, as an example;
Subject goal
1, learn to observe common rocks with experimental tools, and find the basic characteristics of rocks through observation.
2. Understanding science is a process of exploration.
3. Understand the use of rocks in production and life.
Psychological education goal
1. Cultivate students' keen observation in the experiment.
2. Encourage inquiry and cultivate students' interest in studying rocks.
3. Experience the importance of division of labor and cooperation.
4. Pay attention to the multi-directional interaction between teachers and students, and create a harmonious classroom atmosphere.
Third, make good use of praise and guide in time.
When students answer questions in class, they especially want to get the teacher's feedback, especially the affirmation of his answers. If the wrong answer is ignored, or the teacher fails to confirm it in time, it will easily damage students' self-esteem and directly affect their enthusiasm for learning. Therefore, teachers should give enough tolerance to students' mistakes in the learning process, patiently correct them, and seize the students' bright spots to praise them.
However, inappropriate praise can also hurt children's self-esteem. Teachers should avoid making such comments. Very clever. It's amazing. Dr. Heim G. Guinot, a famous American psychologist and educator, mentioned in the book How Teachers Talk to Students that a truly effective evaluation should be constructive, describing children's efforts and achievements and our feelings, rather than judging children's character and conduct. When using praise, try to praise the child's behavior, not praise the child's conduct. Don't attach importance to children's behavior. Useful praise always affirms children's feelings and describes their achievements.
Fourthly, create a harmonious and interactive psychological atmosphere and a good relationship between teachers and students.
Teaching is a multi-directional interactive activity between teachers and students, and between students. Efforts to create a harmonious psychological atmosphere in the classroom, a specific activity environment, should be an important link and basic guarantee for discipline infiltration. Teachers should establish a new concept of classroom teaching efficiency and teacher-student communication, attach importance to the creation of classroom psychological atmosphere and the cultivation of good teacher-student relationship. We can start from these aspects: stimulating students' interest in learning; Let students experience the success and happiness in the learning process; Respect students and make them feel that they are the main body of learning; Understand the needs of students and listen to their voices. ...
For example, some students found a lot in their own inquiry activities, but they just refused to talk about it during the discussion, fearing that they would be laughed at if they made a mistake. In fact, many wonderful discoveries are hidden in the hearts of these unwilling students. This requires teachers to be good at creating a democratic discussion atmosphere, providing students with a sense of psychological security, caring about children's discovery and giving diversified incentives. As long as children's communication is well-founded, in addition to language encouragement, teachers can also award "Best Creative Award" to protect children's research enthusiasm.
Five, timely evaluation, develop positive habits.
According to positive psychology, school mental health education should stimulate teenagers' inner passion, help them develop comprehensive skills, take responsibility for life, and become adults with social ability, compassion and mental health. In science classroom teaching, we should emphasize their advantages and advantages, encourage and praise their little progress and efforts, and help students establish positive emotions and habits.
In science class, it is particularly important for students to have good listening habits, such as listening habits. Once the habit is not formed, although the classroom is "very lively", the students' benefit is extremely limited. Therefore, teachers should gradually cultivate students' listening habits. In classroom teaching, we can seize the opportunity of praise groups or students, listen to others' opinions carefully, and strengthen students' good habits. Teachers can tell students that "listening is a good way to share success" while praising, so that students can accept your praise from the heart. You can also use the method of group evaluation: the group that listens carefully gives praise and reinforcement, strives to be the "best cooperation group" and cultivates the sense of collective honor. Promote the formation of students' good habits through class evaluation.
When teaching "Understanding Common Rocks", after 10 minutes of hands-on experiment, when the teacher signaled the students to stop, they found that a group of people had consciously packed up the experimental materials. This is a good educational opportunity. The teacher immediately seized the opportunity: just now I saw the students in group B 1 put away the experimental materials after finishing the experiment. Scientists will not forget to arrange the experimental materials after completing the experiment. Thank you, students in Group B 1, for setting such a good example for us.
In short, with the development of social history and the increasingly fierce competition today, we are more and more deeply aware of the importance of mental health education in the development of human society and human personality. Teachers should impress students with passionate emotions and rich psychological knowledge. Integrating students' psychological guidance into daily teaching effectively realizes the "fusion" function of subject infiltration education.