First, the subjective test center
1. The connotation of quality education
(1) Quality education is an education for all students. (2) Quality education is an education to promote students' all-round development. (3) Quality education is an education to promote students' personality development. (4) Quality education focuses on cultivating students' innovative spirit and practical ability. Tu Tu's memory formula: Both (personalities) are (holistic and comprehensive) and both are (practical) new (innovative).
2. "People-oriented" view of students
(1) Students are developmental people, so we should know students from a developmental perspective. (2) Students are unique people. (3) Students are independent people. Tu Tu's memory formula: one shot and two unique ones.
3. Teachers' view under the new curriculum
(1) Teachers' role view: ① Teachers are the promoters of students' learning. ② Teachers are researchers of education and teaching. ③ Teachers are the developers and researchers of the curriculum. ④ Teachers are community-based open teachers. ⑤ Teachers are practitioners of lifelong learning. Tu Tu's memory formula: no words, open lines.
(2) Teachers' behavior view: ① In dealing with the relationship between teachers and students, the new curriculum emphasizes respect, appreciation, democracy, interaction and teaching. ② In teaching, the new curriculum emphasizes help, guidance and inspiration. ③ In the aspect of self-treatment, the new curriculum emphasizes reflection and lifelong learning development. ④ In dealing with the relationship with other educators, the new curriculum emphasizes cooperation.
Tu Tu's memory tip: reward lunch box.
4. Teachers' professional ethics
(1) Patriotism and law-abiding (basic requirements) Consciously abide by educational laws and regulations and perform teachers' duties and rights according to law.
(2) Love and dedication (essential requirement) Diligence and dedication, willingness to be a ladder and dedication. Highly serious and responsible for the work.
(3) Caring for students (the soul of teachers' morality), caring for all students, respecting students' personality and treating students equally and fairly. Be strict with students and be their mentor. Protect students' safety, care about their health and safeguard their rights and interests. No irony, sarcasm or discrimination against students, no corporal punishment or corporal punishment in disguised form.
(4) Teaching and educating people (the bounden duty of teachers) follows the law of education and implements quality education. Be persuasive, take pains to teach people and teach them in accordance with their aptitude. Cultivate students' good conduct, stimulate their innovative spirit and promote their all-round development. Don't take grades as the only criterion for evaluating students.
(5) Being a teacher (inherent requirement). Dress appropriately, have standardized language and behave in a civilized manner. Care for the collective, unite and cooperate, and respect colleagues and parents. Decent style, integrity. Consciously resist paid tutoring, and do not use the position to seek personal gain.
(6) Lifelong learning (development motivation) Establish the concept of lifelong learning, broaden the knowledge horizon and update the knowledge structure. Concentrate on business, dare to explore and innovate, and constantly improve professional quality and education and teaching level.
Tu Tu's memory formula: Love three people for a lifetime (basically moving in the sky). Don't underestimate these four points, they can guarantee you at least 28 points in the exam!
Second, objective test sites
1. The law of individual physical and mental development: sequence, stage, complementarity, imbalance and individual difference. Tu Tu's memory formula: the order is not bad.
2. The characteristics of the new teacher-student relationship: respecting teachers and loving students, democracy and equality, mutual learning and psychological compatibility. Tu Tu's memory formula: Respect people and confide in them.
3. Teachers' rights stipulated in the Teacher Law of People's Republic of China (PRC):
(1) Carry out educational and teaching activities, and carry out educational and teaching reforms and experiments (educational and teaching rights);
(2) Engage in scientific research and academic exchanges, participate in professional academic groups, and fully express their opinions in academic activities (academic research right);
(3) Guiding students' learning and development, and evaluating students' conduct and academic achievements (guiding students' rights);
(4) receive wages on time, enjoy welfare benefits stipulated by the state, and take paid vacations in winter and summer vacations (the right to get paid);
(five) to put forward opinions and suggestions on the work of the education, teaching, management and education administrative departments of the school, and to participate in the democratic management of the school through the staff congress or other forms;
(6) To participate in continuing education or other forms of training (the right of continuing education and training). Tu Tu's memory formula: Teaching and research are only applicable to repair.
4. The working principles stipulated in the Outline of the National Medium and Long-term Education Reform and Development Plan (20 10-2020) are: giving priority to development, educating people, reforming and innovating, promoting fairness and improving quality.
Tu Tu's formula of small memory: improving education and promoting promotion.
5. The order of dynasties in the history of China Tu Tu remembers the small formula: Xia Shang and Western Zhou, and Eastern Zhou was divided into two sections; Spring and Autumn and Warring States unified Qin and Han Dynasties; Three points in, two points before and after the delay; The Southern and Northern Dynasties coexisted, and the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties passed; After Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, the imperial dynasty ended here.
6. Functions of "three provinces" in the system of three provinces and six departments:
(1) Shangshu Province, the highest administrative organ, is responsible for implementing important state decrees.
(2) the province under the door-the deliberative body, responsible for reviewing government decrees.
(3) The decision-making body, Zhongshu Province, is responsible for drafting and issuing imperial edicts.
Tu Tu's memory formula: Make up your mind, middle and lower.
7. Three biographies of the Spring and Autumn Period: Zuo Zhuan, Ram Zhuan and Gu Liang Zhuan.
Tu Tu's memory formula: Zuo Gonggu.
8. Shakespeare's four tragedies: Hamlet, otero, King Lear and Macbeth; Four comedies: A Midsummer Night's Dream, Twelfth Night, Everybody is Happy and The Merchant of Venice. Tu Tu's memory formula: Hello, Li Bai, every night is dangerous.
9. Three outstanding Renaissance artists: Raphael, Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. Tu Tu's memory formula: Lamy.
10. Beethoven's main symphonies: Symphony No.3, Symphony No.5, Symphony No.5, Symphony No.6, Symphony No.6, Symphony No.9 (Ode to Joy). Tu Tu's memory formula: English three times, life five times, and nine times in six days.
1 1. The order of the eight planets in the solar system from near to far is: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Tu Tu's memory formula: water, gold, wood, earth and sea.
12. "Four Books" in the Four Books and Five Classics:
Mencius, the golden mean, universities and the Analects of Confucius.
Tu Tu's memory formula: the big talk in the dream.
13. Translation inference Tu Tu's memory formula: if yes, push forward; Only talent, the other way around.
Education and teaching knowledge and ability
1. the origin of education (1) the myth origin theory; (2) the theory of biological origin; (3) Theory of psychological origin; (4) Theory of labor origin. Tu Tu's memory formula: ancient (the oldest point of view) gods (Zhu) (myth origin theory); Instinct (educational process is instinctive teaching activity) gives birth to (biological origin theory) interests (Litterno) and interests (Percy can); Psychological (psychological origin theory) imitation (children's unconscious imitation of adults) Monroe (Meng Lu); Mi (Midinsky) Kay (Kailov) loves labor (on the origin of labor).
2. The characteristics of modern education (1) The state has strengthened its attention and intervention in education, and public education has risen; (2) Popularizing compulsory primary education; (3) Secularization of education; (4) Attach importance to education legislation and administer education according to law. Tu Tu's memory formula: public (the rise of public education) righteousness (the universal implementation of primary compulsory education) worldly (the secularization of education) law (governing education according to law)
3. The development characteristics of postmodern education in the 20th century (1) Lifelong education; (2) universal education; (3) democratization of education; (4) Educational diversification; (5) Modernization of educational technology. Tu Tu's memory formula: universal (popularization of education) (democratization of education) more (diversification of education) (modernization of educational technology) (lifelong education).
4. The dynamic endogenous theory of individual physical and mental development (1) Mencius: human nature is good; (2) Freud: sexual instinct; (3) Wilson: Gene Replication; (4) gesell: Double ladder climbing experiment, mature mechanism. Small memory formula: internal (endogenous theory), Freud, Wei (Wei Yiqiang), Ge (gesell) loves to be Mencius.
5. On the Motive Force of Individual Physical and Mental Development (1) Mozi: Su Si Lun; (2) Xunzi: the theory of evil nature; (3) Locke: Whiteboard; Watson: Give me a dozen healthy babies. Memory hint: find Luo (Locke) peanut (Watson) out of Xun (Xunzi).
6. The school education system in old China was (1) 1902, which was a "non-yin school system"; (2) 1904, Guimao Academic System; (3) In 65,438+0,965,438+02 years, the academic system of "no child, no shame"; (4) 1922, "Ren Xu school system". Tu Tu's memory formula: Ren (Renyin school system) was promulgated (officially promulgated for the first time), Gui (Guimao school system) was implemented (promulgated for the first time), Ugly (Renzi Guichou school system) was coeducated (stipulated for the first time), and Beautiful (based on American school system) (Ren Xu school system).
7. The characteristics of teachers' labor (1) The complexity and creativity of teachers' labor; (2) the continuity and extensiveness of teachers' labor; (3) The long-term and indirect nature of teachers' labor; (4) the demonstration and subjectivity of teachers' labor; (5) Individuality of teachers' working methods and collectivity of labor achievements. Tu Tu's memory formula: long (long-term and indirect) years (continuity and extensiveness) are (demonstration and subjectivity) and complex (complexity and creativity).
8. Teachers' professional quality (1) ideological and moral quality; (2) knowledge literacy; (3) ability literacy; (4) Physical literacy; (5) psychological literacy. Tu Tu's memory formula: body (physical literacy), mind (psychological literacy), ability (ability literacy) and knowledge literacy (ideological and moral literacy).
9. Teachers' professional ethics
(1) Be patriotic and law-abiding;
(2) Love and respect the job;
(3) caring for students;
(4) teaching and educating people;
(5) being a teacher;
(6) Lifelong learning.
Tu Tu's memory formula: three loves (patriotism, law-abiding, dedication and caring for students), two loves (teaching and educating people, being a teacher) and one loves life (lifelong learning).
10. Several methods to promote the growth of teachers: (1) Observe and analyze the teaching activities of excellent teachers; (2) developing microteaching; (3) specialized training; (4) Teaching reflection. Tu Tu's secret of memory: Look at others (observing and analyzing the teaching activities of excellent teachers), look at yourself (micro-teaching), train more (special training) and often reflect (teaching reflection).
1 1. Modern innovation concept: (1) Breaking the concept of knowledge center; (2) divorced from the authority of teachers; (3) Breaking the concept of intellectual education center; (4) Get rid of the concept of intelligence center; (5) Cultivate problem consciousness. Tu Tu's memory formula: not only books (breaking the concept of knowledge center), not only teachers (breaking the concept of teacher authority), but also wisdom (breaking the concepts of intellectual education and intellectual center).
12. Modern teaching concept: (1) Teaching is the process of curriculum creation and development; (2) Teaching is a process of communication, benign interaction and common development between teachers and students; (3) Teaching process is more important than teaching result; (4) Teaching pays more attention to people, not just science. Tu Tu's memory formula: people (teaching pays more attention to people than science) communicate with students (teaching is the process of curriculum creation and development) (the process of teacher-student interaction, benign interaction and common development) (teaching process is more important than teaching results).
13. Modern evaluation concept: (1) The evaluation content is diversified; (2) Diversified evaluation methods; (3) Diversification of evaluation subjects; (4) The purpose of evaluation is to promote the development of students; (5) Pay more attention to the evaluation process. Tu Tu's memory formula: three plus (content diversification, method diversification, subject diversification) development (promoting students' development) process (focusing on evaluation process)
14. Basic tasks of teaching
(1) Guide students to master systematic basic knowledge of science and culture and form basic skills and technologies; (priority)
(2) Developing students' intelligence, especially cultivating students' ability and creativity;
(3) Developing students' physical strength and improving their physical and mental health;
(4) Cultivating students' noble aesthetic taste and ability;
(5) Develop a good ideological and moral character, form a scientific world outlook and a good personality and psychological quality.
Tu Tu memory formula:
Double basics (basic knowledge+basic skills and technology)
Four educations (intelligence, physical strength, aesthetics, ideology and morality)
15. Basic requirements for excellent classes (standards for excellent classes)
(1) The goal is clear;
(2) concentration;
(3) the content is correct;
(4) Proper methods;
(5) clear expression;
(6) well-organized;
(7) The atmosphere is warm.
Tu Tu's memory tip: Please mark (clearly expressed) (clearly targeted) (focused) (correct content) (clear organization) (warm atmosphere).
16. Current teaching principles in China
(1) intuitive principle;
(2) Heuristic principle;
(3) the principle of merger;
(4) The principle of gradual progress;
(5) The principle of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude;
(6) The principle of integrating theory with practice;
(7) the principle of ability;
(8) the principle of unity of ideological and scientific.
Tu Tu memory formula:
Insist on (intuition) (inspiration) (consolidation) (step by step) finding tadpoles other than English (teaching students in accordance with their aptitude) (principle of integrating science with ideology) (principle of combining theory with practice).
17. Common teaching methods
(1) Teaching method based on language transmission.
(1) teaching methods; ② Conversation method; ③ Discussion method; 4 reading guidance method.
(2) Teaching method based on intuitive perception.
① Model law; ② Visiting method.
(3) Teaching methods based on practical training.
① Practice methods; ② experimental methods; ③ Practice methods.
(4) Teaching methods based on emotion cultivation.
① Appreciation of teaching methods; ② Situational teaching method.
Tu Tu memory formula:
Eye (teaching method based on intuitive perception), ear (teaching method based on language transmission), hand (teaching method based on practical training) and heart (teaching method based on emotional cultivation)
18. Basic characteristics of perception:
(1) the integrity of perception;
(2) Understanding of perception;
(3) the selectivity of perception;
(4) the constancy of perception.
Tu Tu memory formula:
Arrange (holism) and (understandability), and choose (selectivity) what you often use (constancy).
19. Memory quality:
(1) agility of memory;
(2) Persistence of memory;
(3) the accuracy of memory;
(4) preparation of memory.
Tu Tu memory formula:
Remember quickly (remember quickly), remember for a long time (remember for a long time), remember accurately (remember accurately), and mention quickly (remember to prepare).
20. Ways to cultivate students' imagination:
(1) Cultivate and protect students' curiosity;
(2) Enriching students' knowledge and expanding representation reserve;
(3) Creating imaginary situations to stimulate imagination;
(4) Stimulate students' imagination with lively teaching forms.
Tu Tu's memory formula: strangeness (cultivating and protecting students' curiosity) expression (enriching students' knowledge and expanding students' representation reserve) creating imaginary situations and arousing imagination (lively teaching form).
2 1. Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences;
(1) Speech intelligence: including the ability to speak, read and write. Smooth mouth and clever writing are the manifestations of high language intelligence;
(2) Logical-mathematical intelligence: refers to the ability of digital operation and logical thinking and scientific analysis;
(3) Visual-spatial intelligence: including the ability to identify the environment and identify the direction;
(4) Musical intelligence: including the ability to recognize sounds and express rhythms. Most of this ability comes from talent;
(5) Sports intelligence: including the ability to control limbs to complete precise operations;
(6) Interpersonal intelligence: including the ability to communicate and get along with others. People with high interpersonal intelligence are good at dealing with interpersonal relationships;
(7) Self-knowledge and intelligence: including the ability to know yourself and choose your own life direction;
(8) Natural observation intelligence: refers to people's keen attention to distinguishing biological and natural scenery;
(9) Existential intelligence: refers to the tendency to state and think about life and death, the ultimate fate of the material and psychological world, etc.
Tu Tu memory formula:
Language (verbal intelligence) number (logical-mathematical intelligence) body (sports intelligence) sound (musical intelligence) beauty (visual-spatial intelligence), interpersonal (interpersonal intelligence) self-knowledge (self-knowledge intelligence), nature (natural observation intelligence) existence (existential intelligence).
22. General learning theory:
(1) behaviorism learning theory
(1) Pavlov's classical conditioning theory; (2) Thorndike's trial-and-error theory (trial and error theory); ③ Skinner's theory of operating conditions; ④ Bandura's social learning theory.
Tu Tu memory formula:
Pavlov's dog (an experiment in which dogs drool when they listen to the bell)
Thorndike's cat (hungry cat opens mysterious box)
Skinner's mouse (mouse presses lever to get food)
Bandura's baby (doll experiment);
(2) Cognitive learning theory
Gestalt Gestalt-Epiphany Learning Theory; ② Bruner's cognitive-structural learning theory/discovery learning theory; ③ Ausubel's meaningful receptive learning theory; ④ Gagne's information processing learning theory.
Tu Tu memory formula:
Kohler's Gorilla Picking Bananas (Gestalt-Epiphany Learning Theory)
Bruner's "I Discover" (Discovery Learning Theory)
Ausubel's "I accept" (meaningful acceptance learning theory)
Gagne's "my process" (information processing learning theory);
(3) Constructivism learning theory
Tu Tu's memory formula: four viewpoints of constructivism (knowledge view, learning view, student view and teaching view);
(4) humanistic learning theory
Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory; ② Rogers' humanistic learning theory.
Tu Tu memory formula:
Maslow's "I need" (hierarchy of needs theory)
Rogers' I am Free (a meaningful view of free learning)
23. The law of moral education:
(1) The process of moral education is a process of unified development of knowledge, emotion and action;
(2) Students form ideological and moral laws in their activities and communication;
(3) the law of positive transformation of internal contradictions among students;
(4) The long-term and repetitive law of students' ideological and moral formation.
Tu Tu memory formula:
Anti-(long-term and repetitive law) dynamic (activity and communication) unity (unified development of knowledge, emotion and action) transformation (positive transformation of internal contradictions in thought)
24. Principles of moral education:
(1) guiding principles;
(2) the principle of combining theory with practice;
(3) the principle of combining respect for students with strict requirements;
(4) the principle of consistency and coherence in education;
(5) The principle of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude;
(6) the principle of salvation;
(7) Combination of collective education and individual education;
(8) Persuasion principle;
(9) The principle of combining positive education with discipline.
Tu Tu memory formula:
One-to-one (principle of consistency and coherence in education), two-to-one (guiding and guiding principle), three-to-one (principle of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, principle of recovering losses, principle of integrating theory with practice) and three-to-one (principle of combining respect with strict demands on students, principle of combining positive education with discipline, principle of combining collective education with individual education).
25. Moral education methods:
(1) persuasion education method
(2) Model Law
(3) Practice exercise method
(4) Emotional cultivation method
(5) moral evaluation methods
(6) the guiding principle of moral cultivation
Tu Tu memory formula:
Say (persuasion education method) see (example demonstration method) do (actual exercise method) feel (emotional cultivation method) coax (moral evaluation method) cultivate one's morality (moral cultivation guidance method)
26. Strategies for organizing and cultivating class collectives
(1) Set common goals;
(2) Selecting and training student cadres;
(3) Establish strict class discipline;
(4) forming correct collective public opinion and good class spirit;
(5) Organize various educational activities.
Tu Tu memory formula:
Goal (common goal) class cadres (selecting and training student cadres) class rules (strict class discipline) class style (correct collective public opinion and good class style) activities (various forms of educational activities)
27. The basic content of school extracurricular activities
(1) social practice activities;
(2) main activities;
(3) Scientific and technological activities;
(4) literary and artistic activities;
(5) Sports activities;
(6) Social welfare activities;
(7) Extracurricular reading activities.
Tu Tu memory formula:
Two societies (social practice activities, social welfare activities), two subjects (academic activities, scientific and technological activities), literary and artistic activities, and sports activities (extracurricular reading activities).