Spring outing in Qiantang River

Bai Juyi in Tang Dynasty

From the north side of Gushan Temple to the west side of Jiating, the lake is just level with the embankment, with low clouds and waves on the lake.

Several early orioles raced to the sunny tree, and their new swallows were carrying mud in their nests.

Colorful spring flowers will gradually fascinate people's eyes, and shallow spring grass can barely cover the horseshoe.

I love the beauty on the east bank of the West Lake, and I can't get enough of it, especially the white sand embankment under the green poplar.

Second, translation.

Going to the north of Gushan Temple and the west of Jiagongting, I stopped for a moment and looked up, but I saw the water level rising and the white clouds drooping, which was beautiful.

A few orioles, scrambling to fly to the sunny tree, whose swallow brought spring mud to build a new nest?

Colorful flowers, almost charming eyes and green weeds just covered the horseshoe.

The scenery in the east of the lake is unforgettable, and the most lovely thing is the white sand embankment hidden by Populus davidiana.

Third, appreciate

When Bai Juyi was in Hangzhou, there were many poems describing lakes and mountains. This poem captures the characteristics of the local environment and seasons, and depicts the West Lake, which has just put on a spring coat, as full of business and just right.

The first poem sticks to the theme and always writes about the lake. The previous sentence points out the location of Qiantang Lake and the surrounding "uneven towers". The use of two place names shows a sense of movement, indicating that the poet is walking and watching.

On the front of the latter sentence, the lake is as bright as water: at the beginning of spring, the water surface is flush with the embankment, and the white clouds in the air are connected with the rippling waves on the lake, which is a typical water state of Jiangnan Spring Lake.

Zhuan Xu wrote about birds seen from looking up. Yingying is singing and swallows are dancing, showing the vitality of spring. Both the oriole and the swallow are messengers of spring, and the oriole sends the good news of spring back to the earth with its euphemistic and smooth voice. Swallows wear flowers and paste water, build nests with mud, and encourage people to start working in spring. The word "several places" summarizes Ying Ge's call to the other and the poet's modality of seeking sound from left to right. The doubt about the word "whose family" shows the poet's delicate psychological activities and makes readers have rich associations. Writing with a neckband overlooks the flowers and plants you see. Because it's early spring, and it's not the season for flowers to bloom, what we see is not colorful flowers, but a cluster of flowers in the east and a cluster in the west, which is described by the word "chaos". Spring grass does not grow luxuriantly, only it is not as long as horseshoe, so it is described by a word "shallow". The "gradual desire" and "talent" in this association are also the feelings and judgments of the poet's observation and appreciation, which makes the objective natural scenery become the scenery in the eyes with the poet's subjective feelings and infect readers. These two couplets describe the scenery of the West Lake in detail, and express Yingying Yan's new arrival with "early", "new", "struggle" and "pecking". Using "chaos", "shallowness", "gradual desire" and "talent" to describe the thriving trend of flowers and plants accurately and vividly reveals the early spring weather that the poet felt while walking, giving people a fresh feeling. The previous generation poet Xie Lingyun's phrase "Spring grass grows in the pond, and willow in the garden turns into songbirds" ("Pond Upstairs") is wonderful in ancient and modern times, precisely because he wrote the joy of love at first sight when the four seasons change. The above two couplets of Qiantang Spring Tour are quite similar in artistic conception, but the white poems are more widely spread.

William wrote about the poet's favorite sandbar in the east of the lake. Qiantang Lake, which runs through Bai Causeway, is located in the east of the lake and can win the whole lake. I saw that under the shade of Populus cathayana, the flat and slender white sand embankment was lying in the blue waves, and the people riding on the embankment were knitting and enjoying the beauty of spring. In the meantime, the poet enjoyed the lakes and mountains and was relaxed and happy. "Lack of action" means that the natural scenery is beautiful and the poet is still alive.

In the history of China, many famous people studied history or learned about the country in this paradise. But the most famous are Bai Juyi and Su Dongpo, two great writers in the Tang and Song Dynasties. They not only left their achievements in Hangzhou, but also circulated many poems describing the beauty of Hangzhou and its West Lake, so some people called them "romantic satrap".

Belinsky, a famous aesthete, once said: "In any case, beauty emanates from the depths of the soul, because natural scenery cannot be absolutely beautiful, and this beauty is hidden in the souls of those who create or observe them." Bai Juyi's Spring Tour in Qiantang just illustrates this aesthetic of truth.

Because no matter how beautiful the scenery of the West Lake is, there will be some unsatisfactory places, but in Bai Juyi's eyes, it is undoubtedly the most beautiful scenery in the world, because he is not only good at observing, but also good at discovering and experiencing. Or in the film and television scenery, I can't help but feel infinite yearning when I hear and see the beautiful scenery, but often once I am there, I feel far less moving and beautiful than I thought. This is because people can't look at the natural landscape with the eyes of discovery and appreciation, but travel with preconceived, excessive and even some critical eyes. Throughout the ages, the West Lake has shown people wonderful spring scenery, and many people have witnessed the spring scenery of Xizi Lake. But there are few works that can be widely read in the end.

It is precisely because Bai Juyi has a rare aesthetic appreciation that he can find its moving place among countless tourists in the West Lake and truly enjoy this paradise on earth endowed by nature. Bai Juyi didn't see many "early warblers" and "new swallows", only "several places" and only "whose home". If it is someone else, he may feel sorry that there is no season of swallows in "everywhere" and "every family", and he thinks it would be good to come ten and a half days late. However, Bai Juyi doesn't think so. There are few advantages. It is because of scarcity that "early warbler" and "new swallow" feel the joy of spring. If the poet doesn't have a young heart and a heart that loves life and spring, I'm afraid he won't be moved and intoxicated by these spring herald newspapers, but will happily write this touching poem. It is precisely because of this that he can smell the flowers and plants, see the beautiful scenery of the fragrant grass, be fascinated by the wild flowers dotted everywhere, and sigh for the grass that has not crossed the horseshoe. Bai Juyi is lucky, because he has a pair of eyes to discover beauty and spring, so he can't help but linger in the beautiful scenery of the West Lake: "I love the lack of lake in the east and the white sand embankment in under the greenwood tree, Qingyang." When Bai Juyi was a historian in Hangzhou, he did build dikes to store water and irrigate people's fields. However, the dike is in the north of Qiantangmen, but later generations mistook Bai Causeway for a dike built for nothing.

This poem is like a short and pithy travel note, from Gushan and Jiading to Hudong and Bai Causeway. Along the way, in the beautiful scenery of lakes and mountains, green mountains and green waters, the poet feasted his eyes, sang and danced, and was intoxicated by the birds and flowers. Finally, he reluctantly left along the white sand embankment under the shade of willows. The ear is still echoing the hymn of spring played by all things, and a beautiful poem full of natural integration flows involuntarily in my heart.

Predecessors said that "Lotte's poems are full of emotions, which enter people's liver and spleen, follow things, and are everywhere" (Su Hua), and that "Lotte's poems are extremely profound and lovely, and they often take what is in front of them as their own words, while others have not done it" (China). The language of this poem is simple, fresh and natural, and carefully selected shots are written into the poem by line drawing. Vivid image, that is, the scene is emotional, and the author's joy when he visited the lake in the early spring with abundant business is worthy of the above comments.

Four. Brief introduction of the author

Bai Juyi (772-846), a native of Xinzheng, Henan Province, was born in Taiyuan, Lotte, Xiangshan, and drunk. He was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty and one of the three great poets in the Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen jointly advocated the New Yuefu Movement, and together with Liu Yuxi, they were called the "Bai Yuan" and "Bai Liu" of the world.

Bai Juyi's poems have a wide range of themes, diverse forms and simple and popular language, and are known as "the poet's magic" and "the king of poets". Official to Hanlin bachelor, Zuo Zanshan doctor. In 846 AD, Bai Juyi died in Luoyang and was buried in Xiangshan. Up to now, there are Bai's "Changqing Collection", and the representative works include Song of Eternal Sorrow, Charcoal Man, Pipa Travel and so on.