Many places extend maternity leave for 60 days, and some places have subsidies for two children and three children to buy a house.
According to the Special Provisions on Labor Protection for Female Employees formulated by the State Council, the maternity leave for female employees is 98 days. The reporter of Xinhua Viewpoint found that compared with the period of "two children in an all-round way", most of the regulations revised in this round further extended maternity leave, and most of them extended maternity leave by 60 days.
Zhejiang has also stipulated the classification of maternity leave periods, and it is clear that maternity leave for a woman with one child is extended by 60 days, and maternity leave for two or three children is extended by 90 days. It is worth noting that the revised draft of the family planning regulations in Shaanxi Province proposes that female employees who have given birth to three children should be given half a year's incentive leave.
Parental leave is also a new bright spot. The new version of the Population and Family Planning Law stipulates that the state supports the establishment of parental leave in places where conditions permit. Accordingly, many provinces have newly established parental leave, and the holiday days are concentrated in 5 to 15 days per year.
Shanghai, Zhejiang, Heilongjiang and other places stipulate that both husband and wife can take parental leave every year before their children reach the age of 3, and Anhui relaxes it to the age of 6. Chongqing has also set up two modes of parental leave, which couples can choose flexibly according to their own situation.
In addition to improving the vacation system, some provinces have also stipulated the establishment of childcare subsidies in the revision of laws.
Heilongjiang stipulates that the people's governments at the city and county levels should establish a maternity subsidy system for families who have given birth to a second or more children according to law, and give appropriate subsidies to border areas and old revolutionary areas. The specific measures shall be formulated by the people's governments at the city and county levels, and the provincial finance may give appropriate subsidies. Beijing stipulates that a family parenting subsidy system related to the number of children should be established; Families with more underage children who apply for public rental housing can be included in the scope of priority distribution, and appropriate care should be taken in the selection of apartment types.
While revising the family planning regulations at the provincial level, some cities and counties have launched "optional actions", which cover multiple channels such as improving maternity services and reducing family burdens.
For example, in Panzhihua, Sichuan, for registered families who have given birth to two or three children according to the policy, 500 yuan child-rearing subsidies are paid monthly; 500 yuan and 1000 yuan are given to registered families with two or three children in Shihezi, Xinjiang. Yantai, Shandong Province stipulates that pregnant women with triplets can be reimbursed for the check-up fee 1000 yuan.
It is worth noting that some places have a wide range of subsidies for childbearing families. Linze County of Gansu Province issued the "Implementation Opinions on Optimizing the Birth Policy to Promote the Long-term Balanced Development of the Population" in September this year, and put forward specific support measures such as giving birth allowance, child-rearing allowance, education allowance and house purchase allowance1/. For example, for families with permanent residence in Linze who have given birth to two or three children, it is stipulated that 40,000 yuan of government subsidies will be given to the purchase of commercial housing in the county town, and 30,000 yuan of government subsidies will be given to the purchase of commercial housing in centralized residential areas such as central market towns.
How do vacations and subsidies really land?
Families interviewed by reporters in many places generally welcome the supporting measures for childbirth, which are considered to help reduce the burden of childcare. Ms. Yin from Nanchang, Jiangxi Province is a full-time mother. Recently, she just applied for a triplet birth certificate online. "Very convenient! I applied on the official WeChat account on the first day and got it the next day. " Ms. Yin said that her husband's nursing leave was also extended from 10 to 30 days, so that she could spend more time with her in the second month.
At the same time, many people are concerned about whether the policy can be really implemented.
Many local measures stipulate the extension of maternity leave and parental leave, and some also specify that the wages, bonuses and welfare benefits during the leave period are the same as those of employees. "There are policies, but companies will be stricter with women of childbearing age when employing people, which means that women have greater difficulties in the workplace." A woman said frankly.
"Now marriage leave, maternity leave and nursing leave are all being extended, and with the new parental leave, if a maternity employee gives birth many times, his vacation time will be as long as dozens of months." The person in charge of a small private enterprise in Sichuan said that this is a test for enterprises.
Huang Donghe, founder of Interhoo, a private think tank in Shenzhen, said that the implementation of the new policy is a huge new labor cost for most small and medium-sized enterprises.
Qu Wenyong, a professor of sociology at Heilongjiang University, said that the implementation of policies should consider the costs paid by enterprises. All localities should not only supervise the implementation of the vacation system, but more importantly, build a reasonable vacation cost sharing mechanism, so that employers are willing to support vacations and parents of infants dare to take vacations.
Huang Xiaohua, member of the Standing Committee of Jiangxi Provincial People's Congress and vice chairman of the Education, Culture, Sports and Health Committee, suggested that the implementation effect of the revised Regulations on Population and Family Planning should be well supervised and inspected. The standing committees of people's congresses at all levels should promote the linkage between the government and relevant departments through law enforcement inspection, law enforcement investigation and listening to special work reports, and promote the implementation of the three-child birth policy and supporting measures.
How can government subsidies be put in place? Yan, director of the Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau of Linze County, Gansu Province, said that from 2022, subsidy funds will be included in the fiscal budget and raised through multiple channels. Recently, local authorities have arranged for newborns born between the promulgation of the Opinions and the end of 10, and 74 newborn families are eligible for maternity allowance and childcare allowance, which will be paid in the near future.
In view of the policy of granting monthly childcare subsidies to families with two children and three children in some areas, experts believe that we should do what we can and adapt to local conditions.
"It is necessary to see that different levels of economic development and different social welfare benefits in different regions will also lead to uneven fertility wishes." Zhao Kunyu, a member of the Heilongjiang Provincial Political Consultative Conference, said that when introducing policies, all localities should proceed from the actual situation of the region and avoid blindly following the trend or "one size fits all".
It is expected that supporting policies such as education, medical care and housing will continue to exert their strength.
In addition to the expectation of hard-core policies such as government holidays and subsidies, many parents interviewed also expressed their expectation to solve the problem of "dare to live and dare not raise"-the current policy is more concentrated in the field of fertility, and the aspect of parenting is still relatively general.
The reporter found in many places that the new generation of parents have a growing demand for infant care, but the number of nursing institutions is small, the price is high, and there is a lack of inclusive nursing institutions. Many families are caught in the dilemma of "wanting to send care, but they can't afford it".
Xiao Zhang, a citizen of Chongqing, is the parent of a boy aged/kloc-0. Both husband and wife work full-time. Both parents are old, so it is difficult to help take care of their children, and there is an urgent need for childcare services. There is a family in the surrounding community, and the conditions are good, but the monthly cost is more than 5000. "Our monthly income is more than 1000, and we have to pay the mortgage. This price is unbearable."
Dong, president of Guangdong Population Development Research Institute, believes that stimulating fertility will is a systematic project, which needs the understanding and participation of the whole society. It is necessary to gnaw at "hard bones" such as education, housing and medical care, and effectively reduce the burden on families with many children.
Professor Wang Ruike of Lanzhou University of Technology believes that increasing the supply of child care services is one of the most urgent points at this stage. Vigorously encourage and support employers and social forces to set up baby care service institutions, and form various forms of service networks such as full-time care, half-day care, regular care and temporary care.
Li Chao, a researcher at the Guangdong Population Development Research Institute, and other experts suggested promoting educational equity and the supply of high-quality educational resources, vigorously implementing the principle of random distribution of degrees, and promoting a more balanced distribution of educational resources among regions; We can also explore the implementation of differentiated tax relief and economic subsidy policies, and establish a comprehensive birth-encouraging system from pregnancy care to delivery to 18 years old or the end of academic education.
At the same time, experts said that increasing medical investment and keeping house prices stable for a long time are the key measures to reduce the direct cost of raising children. We must continue to promote the reform of the medical and health system, effectively reduce medical expenses, adhere to the positioning of "housing without speculation", build a long-term mechanism for the healthy development of the real estate market, improve the housing market system and housing security system, and let all people live in a place.