Common psychological problems of students and their causes and countermeasures With the rapid development of society, all kinds of bad ideas and contradictions have a great influence on students at school. Due to the lack of scientific discrimination and social practical experience of middle school students who are growing up upright, coupled with the awakening of independent consciousness of middle school students and various conflicts concentrated in adolescence, middle school students have many psychological problems, some of which are even very serious. To this end, we conducted a questionnaire survey on students' mental health knowledge. Because it is an anonymous questionnaire, the students' answers are frank and clear: they have inferiority complex, fear, anxiety, weariness of learning, comparison and enjoyment in life, serious rebellious attitude towards the education of parents and teachers, paranoia and self-centeredness in communication. The following analysis of six common psychological problems of middle school students and their causes and countermeasures.
Common psychological problems of middle school students
1 hedonistic psychology
Nowadays, many middle school students think that "hedonism is the necessity of today's social development" and that "efforts are the business of the previous generation and have nothing to do with people in our region". Therefore, the bad atmosphere of pursuing pleasure, coveting comfort, chasing fashion and showing off is becoming more and more serious among students. This kind of thought is embodied in behavior: not loving labor, afraid of being dirty and tired; Eat snacks and spend more change; Dress well and compare with each other.
I am the only one.
Some middle school students are only addicted to the realization of their own wishes, focusing on their own interests everywhere. When they encounter something slightly unsatisfactory, they will break into a furious rage, lie down and do nothing, or haggle over it, suffering from loss. Indifference to the collective, indifference to society. In life, only others care about him or her, but he or she doesn't know how to care about others. Once personal desires are not satisfied, he will harm the interests of others and society, and even embark on the road of crime.
3 rebellious psychology
Due to the characteristics of middle school, many students can't treat their parents' pains and teachers' criticism and education correctly because they lack the ability to distinguish right from wrong. They doubt everything, are neither humble nor supercilious, treat positive propaganda negatively, deny role models and advanced figures for no reason, have emotional identification with bad tendencies, and passively resist ideological education and discipline requirements.
4 inferiority complex
Some middle school students often make mistakes because of their poor academic performance. Therefore, whether at home or at school, criticism is more than praise, blame is more than encouragement, and punishment is more than guidance. So I think I have no hope of inferiority, and become disheartened, negative and decadent, depressed and self-destructive, and negative and decadent, forming the inferiority complex of "I am not as good as people". There are also some middle school students who can't accept themselves without some defects and shortcomings. They often put themselves in a position of inferiority and dislike, are indecisive, have no sense of competition and can't enjoy the happiness of success.
5 fear
As far as middle school students are concerned, there is a phenomenon that top students are afraid of competition, middle students are afraid of falling behind, and underachievers feel hopeless in the future; As far as middle school students are concerned, there are some phenomena, such as fear of math, Chinese or English, fear of disappointing their parents' hopes, and fear of sudden memory decline. Once you get used to fear, you will often become too shy and timid in character, which will lead to psychological problems. They will be suspicious everywhere, be alert to everything, lack self-confidence and initiative; In learning, I will follow the lead, lacking initiative and initiative.
6. Tired of learning
Some middle school students lack the spirit of seriousness, hard work and diligence, and there are many psychological contradictions, such as being discriminated against for wanting respect, self-esteem, weak will for progress, discipline and freedom. , which leads to psychological problems such as weariness of learning.
Second, the causes of psychological problems of middle school students
1 family influence
Many parents are eager for their children's success, regardless of their psychological development level and endurance, focusing on intellectual development and putting too many demands on their children. Overweight pressure and numerous studies almost crowd out all opportunities for children to be naive and accept natural and social influences with an open mind. However, not many parents pay enough attention to their children's mental health. Many parents don't understand that children's mental health is as important as physical health and intellectual development. Due to parents' neglect and ignorance of psychological education, children's psychological development and intellectual development are seriously unbalanced. The intellectual development is ahead and the psychological development is behind, which forms a strong contrast among middle school students. Family education, which values intelligence over psychology, has caused serious congenital deficiency to children's psychological quality. At the same time, parents teach their children by example, and rewards and punishments are clear. Children's attitudes, beliefs, thoughts, styles and behaviors towards the world play a foundation role in their character for middle school students who are highly imitative and lack of selectivity. If a person lives in a family where "pulling out a dime is for the benefit of the world, not for the benefit of the world", then the education he receives is "to be a man only speaks three words, but don't throw away all my heart". With the human creed of "cleaning the snow in front of the door and ignoring the frost of others", people who grow up in this family environment must be narrow-minded.
2 the influence of society
Today's society is in a period of change, the competition is becoming more and more fierce, interpersonal relationships are becoming more and more complicated, and there are more and more factors affecting people's mental health. Some bad thoughts coexist with the main theme of reform and opening up. Faced with the complicated social situation, middle school students who are not mature enough to distinguish right from wrong, driven by curiosity, sometimes remove the essence and take the dross. For example, with the popularity of computers, and the proliferation of unhealthy video products such as obscenity and murder, and unclean books and periodicals, students' access to bad information on social media has greatly increased, which is often subtly influenced.
3 the influence of the school
At present, because many schools have not implemented the transformation from "exam-oriented education" to quality education, they have neglected the cultivation of students' psychological quality. Examination results and entrance examination results become the only criteria to measure students' future, and students also regard setbacks in entrance examination as setbacks and failures in life. However, because the school neglected the cultivation of students' psychological quality, the teacher did not tell them how to face setbacks and failures in advance. Faced with the setbacks in exams and further studies, students naturally felt scared at the thought of being reprimanded by their parents or teachers, and felt that their future was bleak. Some people choose to escape and give up on themselves completely, and some even run away from home, which has caused undue shortcomings to families, schools and society.
In addition, the heavy academic burden leads to students' psychological fatigue and emotional anxiety. The academic burden of many schools is reflected in the "three overloads", that is, learning overload, high learning difficulty and extraordinary learning time. In the way of education, some teachers are against education. According to the author's investigation, at present, a few teachers use warning, irony, sarcasm, exposing shortcomings, abandonment and other means to replace ideological education, simple and rude punishment to replace strict management, and threats to replace incentives. These "mental abuse" phenomena are not intentional by teachers. Their starting point is to urge students to make progress and become talents, and the result is often counterproductive. Psychologists point out that mentally abused children may suffer more psychological and ideological damage than physically abused children when they grow up, because this is a serious damage to children's self-esteem and self-confidence, and people with frustrated self-esteem will have various psychological obstacles.
4 students' own reasons
Middle school students are at the peak of their growth and development, and their psychological development is complicated. They pursue a sense of adulthood and have independent intentions. However, these psychology conflicts with their dependence in real life. They only demand rights but are unwilling to fulfill their obligations. They only want to be loved but don't know how to love others. Because of their low self-evaluation ability, they have a bad tendency of "knowing others clearly and knowing themselves secretly" and "being strict with themselves". Some students are too confident and conceited. Driven by a strong desire for self-expression and vanity, they deliberately behave badly, and even deliberately confront educators, and their behavior often runs counter to the wishes of educators. In addition, middle school students are in the embryonic stage of youth, full of curiosity and mystery about the opposite sex, prone to puppy love, during which they have to experience various puzzles, contradictions and challenges of psychological development. Those students who fall in love are often depressed and form psychological barriers. Some are nervous, afraid and shy; Some are depressed, inferior, disappointed, lonely, regretful and angry.
Third, the countermeasures to solve the common psychological problems of middle school students
1 Carry out various forms of mental health education.
First, offer psychological counseling classes and popularize psychological common sense education, so that students can understand psychological common sense, especially some standards of mental health, and know how to solve psychological problems. The second is psychological consultation, consultation email and one-on-one psychological consultation activities. Third, the activities of opening the window of the soul and saying "whispers" are widely carried out among students. Because it is easy for peers to achieve the purpose of psychological communication by talking to each other, communicating with each other and sharing their worries. Fourth, families and schools should join hands to carry out psychological counseling. Schools should make use of this channel to do some publicity, so that parents can understand psychological counseling and help schools to carry out their work. The combination of home and school will make mental health education achieve better results.
2. Improve the quality of teachers' psychological counseling ability.
The quality of teachers is very important to the psychological counseling of middle school students. School leaders should provide teachers with opportunities for further education in psychological quality. The professional skills of students' psychological quality education should become the necessary quality of teachers and an important condition for assessing teachers' ability. Teachers should consciously use educational psychology theory to guide and solve various psychological problems among students in education and teaching; We should establish lofty professional ethics, consciously adjust our psychological state, and don't use our bad emotional factors to influence students. If you are unhappy, you should give up in time, and never turn your goal to students. You know, the teacher's casual injury will cause great pain to the students' minds. In a word, every teacher should pay attention to improving his psychological quality and strive to become a qualified mental health education counselor.
3. Optimize the curriculum structure and enhance students' interest in learning.
Schools should optimize the curriculum structure, improve the efficiency of classroom teaching, and reduce students' academic burden. Optimizing the curriculum structure includes two aspects: first, according to the requirements of certain economic and social development for people's basic quality, enrich and enrich the contents of elective courses and activity courses. The second is to delete some contents of the current basic education textbooks and reduce some requirements. This is not only beneficial to broaden students' knowledge and cultivate their ability, but also to improve their psychological quality. Among them, the setting of elective courses and activity courses can improve students' interest in learning, because this kind of learning absorbs knowledge and skills in a relaxed atmosphere without excessive burden.
4. Cultivate students' communication ability and coordinate the relationship between class and group.
For growing middle school students, interpersonal communication is very attractive. However, because the current school education aims at further study and overemphasizes the competition among students, school life is tense and monotonous. In addition, the unitization of modern family housing and the increase of only children have objectively bound the interpersonal communication of middle school students. Such a class collective can not meet the emotional needs of students, nor can it make students develop healthily. Through courses, lectures, consultations, study groups, experiments and other forms, schools should guide students to make extensive contact with society and make friends, so that students can establish interpersonal relationships of mutual understanding, trust and concern, make progress in communication, and overcome negative psychological tendencies such as nervousness, fear, inferiority, loneliness, prejudice, hostility, suspicion and jealousy.
5. Guide students to educate themselves.
Self-education is to solve one's psychological and behavioral problems mainly by oneself. Teachers can't teach students all their lives. Only by enhancing students' self-education ability can they benefit for life. Too many failure experiences of some middle school students can easily make them form negative self-awareness, improve their level of self-awareness, objectively evaluate themselves, find the gap between themselves and their goals, generate self-motivation, and form a healthy and upward self-experience, thus realizing that self-regulation is the key to help them get out of the learning dilemma. On the one hand, adhering to the principle of acceptance, teachers should not only be good at accepting every student happily, but also pay attention to cultivating their self-acceptance ability, so that students with learning difficulties can face their own problems bravely and have the confidence to overcome their learning difficulties through their own efforts; On the other hand, in the teaching process, teachers can set their own goals and implement them in a planned way, so as to cultivate students to maintain a moderate sense of learning tension, concentrate, eliminate interference, overcome difficulties and gradually improve their academic performance; Third, teachers should pay attention to cultivating students' awareness of self-reflection, closely combine psychological activities with action effects, learn to sum up lessons of failure and experience of progress in study, life and communication, and enhance their ability of self-discipline, supervision and adjustment.
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