What is the relationship between countries? History, tradition, friendship? 、? The deep feelings of the cultural history of the two countries? Wait, it's almost all posturing, but you can't really believe it. The close exchanges and cooperation between China and Germany, which are far apart, at the beginning of the 20th century were based on strategic needs and national interests. Emotional factors? . Let's start with the Great Qing Dynasty. Germany was reunified late, and in the activities of dividing up colonies, it only caught up with one? Last bus? . The Second Reich of Germany made great efforts to establish a few isolated colonies in Africa, which even frightened the Great Qing Dynasty, seized Jiaozhou Bay, and began to colonize Qingdao from 1898, which lasted 17 years.
As a rising colonial country, Germany is trying to turn Qingdao (a paradise compared with those in Africa) into the most respectable and affluent city? Model colony? . We have built railways, planned municipal administration, improved sanitary conditions, opened mines and set up factories, and built modern ports. Especially in the construction of municipal infrastructure, it is consistent with German local standards.
Today, there are still many people in China who are interested in Qingdao's small German houses, solid and durable municipal infrastructure, especially the sewage system. As soon as the rainy season began in the north, they began to talk about it? Look at foreigners, they have surpassed the level of our1century more than 2/kloc-0 years ago ...? Why is this idea so like our neighbor India? Brother A San is full of fond memories of the history of British father's colonization, and even * * * has repeatedly expressed sincere gratitude to Britain for its contribution to India's education and industrial modernization. That's understandable. After all, people in India still insist on using the railway facilities built in the British colonial era more than 50 years ago.
In fact, for the sewage system, Qingdao officials have specially published survey data, and only 3% of Qingdao's 2900 kilometers of sewers are? Made in Germany? .
People with a little brains can understand that under the trend of real estate revitalizing the urban economy, the area of Qingdao today is much larger than that of 100 years ago, and the expansion of the sewer system is inevitable.
And the design ideas of German colonists at that time, the so-called? Water and sewage separation? , but also only consider their own nation, only to ensure the cleanliness of the German residential areas, but let the sewage be discharged to the China residential areas ... Isn't it the kind of network transmission that they have been busy for more than ten years, paving roads and repairing bridges and sewers for the people of Qingdao, and then losing the first world war, waving their sleeves and taking nothing away? Virgin Bai Lianhua? . In chronological order, in the first year of the 20th century, the Germans in Eight-Nation Alliance rushed to the forefront with high profile, and the commander-in-chief of the Allied Forces was a German named Wadesi. Not to mention the brutality of the Germans, who joined forces with France to send troops to Niangziguan with the intention of attacking Shanxi and pursuing Cixi. Fortunately, it was stopped by Liu, at the cost of more than 3000 casualties, otherwise the whole Lafayette family would have to be hijacked by Vadexi and his French friends.
Meanwhile, killed? Foreigners? There was a German baron. Baroness has power and influence, so she is very difficult to provoke, so she puts this account on Cixi's head and wants to make peace with Cixi's head, otherwise Beijing will be burned.
As a result, one? Man of the hour? Sai Jinhua appeared, got in touch with Wades, and built a cleaner memorial archway in Dongdan North Street. Is this a gift? Is it finished? And got one? Defend the country? Good name. It can be seen that whether it is the relationship between big powers or the daily life of ordinary people, privately? Looking for acquaintances? Blend the forms of things.
A cleaner monument arch is now called. Defend the peace square? (below).
The Republic of China is also an era when some deeds advocated by Germany and Germany began to appear.
For example, Hitler lived on the streets of Vienna in his early years and was rescued by a couple of China. Later, when he made a fortune, he looked around and wanted to repay his kindness. As a result, he couldn't find it, so he had to provide a lot of assistance to China to support our war of resistance in China. .....
To be sure, the story of being rescued and repaying one's kindness is completely wishful thinking. Is this obviously our classic novels and story books in China? Thanksgiving story? There are many routines in Sanyan Erpai and Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio.
Some authoritative books, such as Hitler's dictation, good comrades? Rudolph? Hess wrote Mein Kampf; There is also the book The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich, which quotes many first-hand materials and interviews many witnesses. It didn't mention it, and there wasn't even a similar clue to connect it.
For Hitler's strong feelings for China and China, please refer to the following passage? If a black man and a China learn German and speak German all their lives, it is inconceivable that even if he is German, he can get the right to vote. ? My struggle
The following is the English version of Mein Kampf (the English version is translated from German and the Chinese version is translated from English). Is there any deletion, or the English version is more complete).
Do you feel Hitler's malice towards China and black corn?
1934- 1935 Liu Chongjie, the German ambassador to China, also protested because Hitler despised the Germans in Mein Kampf. The german government only used it? Will it be deleted when it is reprinted? Just perfunctory, and then, the same.
There are also rumors that Hitler paid all the expenses of the China delegation to the 1936 Olympic Games.
In fact, the expenses of the China delegation to the Berlin Olympic Games are composed of government finance and private donations, which have nothing to do with Hitler.
This embarrassed the national government. At that time, the national government was really not so miserable that even the athletes could not afford the travel expenses. In addition, it is not sponsored by Zhang Xueliang. Zhang Shaoshuai donated 8,000 yuan to the last Los Angeles Olympic Games. China just went through it? September 18th Incident? There is also the Sino-Japanese War between Songhu and Shanghai (0932 65438+65438+1October 28th to March 3rd), which is really ignored.
Moreover, long before the Nazis came to power, during the Weimar Republic era, the trade between China National Government and Germany was already hot. Pay attention, okay? Trade? No? Aid? .
The peak of Sino-German cooperation is between 1928 and 1938.
The reason is that, historically, Germany, as an army power in Europe, has always been the object of study for Asian countries. For example, the army established during the Meiji Restoration in Japan almost copied the whole set of military ideas, construction systems and standard codes of the Prussian army;
The main learning objects of the Great Qing Dynasty were also Germany, such as Li Hongzhang and Bismarck. Friendship? Wait, it's all formed in the arms trade. The new armies established in the late Qing Dynasty all bear a deep German brand.
In addition, Germany lost its concession and colony in China because of its defeat in the First World War. This makes Sino-German cooperation easier without historical burden.
I said at the beginning of the article that it is based on strategic needs and national interests, and emotional factors can basically be ruled out.
At this time, what Germany wants from China is the rare strategic metals tungsten ore, which is the key material for manufacturing tungsten alloy steel and the necessity for producing guns. In addition, China's bristles and tung oil are also in great demand in Germany.
Yes, it's bristles. It's definitely a very important strategic material. Think about it, what kind of platforms and weapons can be used directly without painting in mechanized warfare; In addition, it also has an important purpose, which is to clean up the powder residue in the barrel of large-caliber artillery. Through cooperation, China has acquired German military, industrial, scientific and technological capabilities? Aid? .
Really? Aid? This word is not appropriate. These technologies and weapons were purchased at a price higher than the international market price, or bartered. Military advisers are also hired with high salaries. We don't even have a latch, okay? Take it for nothing? Why are people from Germany always said to be wishful thinking? Aid? ?
Moreover, according to historical records at that time, German industrial products exported to China, especially military products, were often second-class or even eliminated by quality inspection? Defective products? To this end, representatives of the national government have repeatedly made representations to relevant German departments.
In the mid-1930s, Germany and Japan began to hook up to show their affection for Japan? Greater East Asia co-prosperity? With the support of this plan, the Germans began to alienate China gradually. Under the pressure of Japan, it once refused to deliver the goods after receiving the payment. By 1938, the German advisory group had basically withdrawn to Germany. Falkenhausen, Chiang Kai-shek's military adviser, refused to accept any job after returning to China. Under the threat of the Gestapo's surveillance, he insisted on promoting China's anti-Japanese war, and he did not rejoin the German army until Germany ordered all reservists to resume active service.
Falkenhausen is our true friend in China. Unfortunately, some netizens always think that Hitler, a fanatical racist, is a great benefactor of China's anti-Japanese war. ........
Objectively speaking, the armored force of the national army is very limited, and it basically lost its main force in the battles of Shanghai and Nanjing ... In the long war of resistance, it did not play a particularly big role, far less than the support of the United States.
Generally speaking, before and after World War II, Germany's diplomatic thought was very pragmatic: the alliance with Japan was to seek to contain the Soviet Union; Aid to China is in exchange for war resources ... so China and Germany have become trade and military partners, so don't think too much about others.
As the article said at the beginning, the relationship between countries is an exchange of interests, which has never happened in the international community. No country has no purpose to support other countries.