Article 1 Teaching objectives:
1, set up correct security defense psychology, strengthen security defense awareness education, and cultivate correct security defense psychology.
2. Master the escape strategy in case of emergency.
Teaching requirements:
Knowledge: Understand relevant knowledge; Identify behaviors that endanger safety.
Ability: through learning, always be vigilant and consciously take precautions. Master self-help methods and improve self-care ability.
Teaching methods: the combination of guidance, reading, discussion and evaluation.
Class hours: one class hour.
Teaching process:
First, establish correct security defense psychology, strengthen security defense awareness education, and cultivate correct security defense psychology.
1. At present, among middle school students, some students lack the correct psychology of safety precautions. Some of them were blackmailed, some were bullied and some were even killed. Such cases abound, and even have an upward trend. Therefore, it is very important for us middle school students to strengthen the education of security awareness and cultivate correct security psychology.
2. "The heart that hurts people is indispensable, and the heart that prevents people is indispensable."
Measures to be taken:
First, learn the law, abide by the law, understand the law and use it.
Second, we must have the awareness of reporting in time. In particular, when students who are short and physically exhausted are bullied, they should promptly report to their parents and teachers and ask them to come forward to solve them.
Third, we should be alert to the police, that is, we should not be afraid of crisis, look for escape and ask the police for help.
Fourth, be careful to make friends.
Second, the emergency escape strategy
(1) earthquake
Earthquake is the first of all disasters. A strong destructive earthquake will instantly destroy buildings such as houses, bridges, dams, etc., directly causing great disasters to human beings, and also inducing secondary disasters such as floods, fires, tsunamis, and leakage of toxic and radioactive substances.
Precursor: Before a strong earthquake, people can often observe some abnormal phenomena in nature, which is an earthquake precursor. For example, the ground sound, ground light and well water are abnormal (the water suddenly becomes turbid or suddenly rises and falls), and some animals are more sensitive than humans, such as cats and dogs biting and barking, rats in droves, chickens flying around, pigs, sheep and other large livestock running around and so on.
In case of an earthquake:
(1) It takes only about 12 seconds from when people feel the vibration to when the building is destroyed. If you live in a bungalow, you can run to the door quickly. If you live in a building and have no time to run, don't jump off the building. You should immediately cut off the switch and turn off the gas, temporarily take refuge in places with small spans such as kitchens and bathrooms, or under tables, cabinets and beds, and evacuate quickly after the earthquake to prevent strong aftershocks.
(2) If you encounter an earthquake, you should avoid panic. You should immediately hide under desks, chairs or solid objects, and then evacuate in an orderly manner after the earthquake. (See emergency evacuation plan for school teaching building and dormitory building for details)
(3) If you encounter an earthquake in the street, cover your head with your hand and leave the building quickly to the center of the street. If you encounter an earthquake in the suburbs, you should pay attention to stay away from cliffs, steep slopes, river banks and high-voltage lines.
After the earthquake: unfortunately buried under the rubble after the earthquake. Try to stay calm and try to save yourself. When you can't get out of danger, you should save your strength, try your best to find water and food, create living conditions, and wait patiently for help.
(2) Fire
Fire and water are ruthless, as everyone knows. Only by adhering to the principles of "three necessities", "three rescues" and "three noes" can we save the day and save the day.
1. "Three essentials"
(1) Be familiar with the environment where you live.
Pay more attention to observation at ordinary times, and know the stairs, passages, gates and emergency evacuation exits of the house like the back of your hand.
(2) "Think" to keep calm when something happens.
In the face of the raging fire, only by staying calm and calm can we quickly take decisive measures to protect ourselves and others. Some people make wrong actions because of confusion, which delays the precious time of escape. For example, I only know how to push the door, and I won't pull the door hard; Mistake the wall for a door and knock hard; Even willy-nilly, blindly jumping off a building ... touch the door before opening it. If the door is very hot or smoke has penetrated through the crack of the door, you can't open the door and prepare to take the second route. Even if the door is not hot, you can only open it a little carefully, pass it quickly, and then close it immediately. Because oxygen will come in when the door is wide open, even a smoldering fire will suddenly burn.
(3) "Beware" of drug abuse.
In the fire, the "killer" is not the fire itself, but a large number of toxic smoke produced in the burning process, and its main components are carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen chloride, sulfur dioxide and so on. Fire experts' research shows that when the carbon monoxide content in the air is 1%, people will faint after breathing several times, and it will kill people in a minute or two. Experts suggest that you cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel and evacuate the fire as soon as possible. If the fire is too big and violent, the exit passage is blocked by smoke, and there is no other route to take, you can use a wet quilt as a cover, cling to the "seat belt" on the ground, and crawl in the corridors and rooms with dense smoke. Never run straight. Because hot and cold air is convective, toxic smoke floats on the upper part of the house space, and some fresh air will come in close to the ground for people to breathe. Standing and running is likely to be unable to breathe and suffocate. Your clothes and trousers are on fire. You should take them off or roll on the ground to put out the fire. If someone runs away in panic and his underwear catches fire, he should be pushed to the ground and rolled until the fire goes out.
2. "Three rescues"
(1) Choose an escape route for "rescue"
In case of fire, it is the best choice to use stairs, evacuation passages and open stairs with weak smoke or unburned fire. If it can reach below the fire layer smoothly, it is basically out of danger.
(2) "self-help" when the rope slips.
What should I do when the corridor or stairs have been blocked by fire or poisonous smoke? We should use the rope in time (or tear the curtains and sheets into thick strips to form a long belt), and tie one end of the rope firmly to a load-bearing object, such as water pipes and heating pipes, and the other end hangs from the window to the ground or the balcony on the lower floor. Then he slipped down the rope and fled the fire.
(3) Seek "redemption" from the outside world.
If you are blocked in the building by fire and all escape routes have been cut off, you have to retreat indoors temporarily and close the doors and windows leading to the fire area. Staying in the room is not passive to die. You can water the doors and windows to slow down the spread of fire; At the same time, shout, wave, flashlight and throw things through the window. Send out a distress signal and wait for the rescue of the fire brigade. In short, don't do anything that is not conducive to escape because of impulse.
3. "Three noes"
(1) "No" Take the ordinary elevator
(2) Don't jump off a building easily.
The risk of jumping off a building to survive is very high. If you don't do it well, it is often either death or injury. You should not take it lightly. Even when you make this decision in despair, you should pay attention to the method. First of all, throw the quilt or mattress downstairs, so that when you land, you won't directly hit the hard cement or slate road, reducing the possibility of injury; Then grab the windowsill with both hands, droop, and jump with both feet to narrow the gap with the ground.
(3) "No" lust for property
The fire comes quickly, and it can enter the violent stage after 10 minutes. Therefore, fire experts remind that once a fire breaks out, you must evacuate and escape quickly, and don't waste time dressing up or looking for valuables, because there is nothing more precious than life. After escaping from the fire, don't even return to the crater for the sake of property. In the end, people and money can only be empty.
(3) Lightning
When summer comes, there are often thunderstorms and strong winds, so we should guard against lightning strikes.
1. In the open field, don't make yourself a sharp edge, that is to say, try to reduce your height, and don't carry metal objects such as shovels, hoes and golf clubs on your shoulders and lift them above your head.
2. In the suburbs, hide in buildings with metal doors and windows or lightning rods, or hide in cars with metal bodies.
3. In the dense forest, find a clearing in the forest and squat down with your feet together; It is extremely unsafe to hide under the big tree to avoid the thunderstorm. In addition, don't stay under the chimneys of tall buildings and high-lying hills to prevent accidents.
4. Traveling in the mountains, such as Luyudong, can also enter the lightning protection.
When it thunders, don't go fishing, boating or swimming in lakes, rivers and beaches.
6. When it thunders, don't ride horses, bicycles, motorcycles or tractors in a flat open area.
7. When it thunders, the room is relatively safe, but the doors and windows should be closed to prevent dangerous side attacks and ball lightning intrusion.
Conclusion:
In a word, we teenagers should establish safety awareness, master self-care methods and improve self-care ability in order to cope with all kinds of accidents calmly.
Chapter II Teaching Objectives:
1. Educate students to observe classroom discipline, observe the order of recess activities, and be polite pupils.
2. Further enhance students' awareness of safety and self-protection; Master some skills of self-help and self-protection; Cherish life and grow up healthily.
Teaching emphasis: establish the concept of self-protection and self-rescue in fire and enhance safety awareness. Educate students to consciously abide by the rules of the school.
Teaching difficulties: Long-term education for students to play cards according to routines and pay attention to safety.
Teaching process:
I. Formal education
(1) Introduction to the conversation: The students are in grade three, and have a preliminary understanding of the basic requirements of the class. However, during this period, students still have some shortcomings. At this class meeting, we will discuss how to abide by the school rules.
(2) Look at the picture, say and discuss.
The bell of 1 rings. What shall we do? Prepare well before class and wait for the teacher to come to class quietly.
Can I speak freely in class? What if something happens? (Raise your hand first, then speak)
Can I make small moves in class? (No, it will affect learning, and it will also affect others' learning. )
(3) According to the actual situation of the class, praise the students who can abide by the classroom discipline and educate the students who don't consciously abide by the discipline.
(4) Summary:
The students spoke very well just now. I hope that every student will abide by classroom discipline in the future, enter the classroom immediately after the bell rings, put away textbooks and stationery, and wait quietly for the teacher to come to class. Don't talk casually in class. If you want to speak, raise your hand first. Concentrate on the class and don't make small moves.
Second, safety education
(a) Safety during recess
Keep order and pay attention to safety during recess activities, so that everyone can have fun.
1. performance
Several students crowded into the classroom.
Several students are chasing and fighting in the classroom.
(3) Several students are playing table tennis in an orderly way, and a naughty boy is sitting on the table.
2. Discuss the performance just now. Did they do something wrong? Why? What they do is wrong, dangerous, affecting students' activities and extremely uncivilized.
3. According to the actual situation of the class, talk about some routine requirements for taking part in school recess activities:
(1) The door of the classroom is relatively narrow, so you should leave the classroom in an orderly way and don't rush.
(2) when walking in the classroom and corridor, to slow down, can't chase slapstick, otherwise it is easy to appear unfriendly behavior due to collision.
③ Go up and down the stairs and turn right. Stairs are the only way to go up and down stairs. In order to ensure safety, you must go upstairs in your own direction.
4. About campus safety (list some uncivilized phenomena).
Please talk about your feelings about school safety and civilization. Or talk about the process of seeing others get hurt because of some uncivilized behavior, ok?
(2) Has anything like this ever happened in our class?
A. Play with pencils or other sharp things.
B. catch up with each other in the classroom.
There are still many places in our school that need to pay attention to safety. Find out where you need to pay attention to safety. Now relax for ten minutes and let's have a safety quiz. If you answer correctly, get a star.
Judge:
1, gesture and fight with each other when using a knife.
2. Touch the appliance with wet hands and wipe it with a wet cloth.
3. Touch the bottom of the plug with your hands or metal products.
When you accidentally fall, try to move forward to protect your head.
5. Fight with sand or mud.
6. On rainy days, run on the wet ground.
7. Stand on the stool and look under the balcony.