(1) financial allocation. This is the most basic and main form. It is allocated by the financial department of the government to the education department, and then allocated to the school by the education department, or directly allocated to the school.
(2) Education taxes and fees. Including taxes and surcharges on education, which are collected by tax authorities and allocated to education departments and then allocated to schools. For example, the surcharge for basic education and urban and rural education levied by the state.
(3) Tax relief for educational institutions (mainly schools). For example, China school-run enterprises enjoy preferential treatment of exemption from profit income tax. Reducing the school tax is equivalent to increasing the government's investment in education.
(4) Special subsidies. Refers to the government's subsidies to schools for specific purposes, and its contents and projects are very extensive. Such as the state's special subsidies for compulsory education; Another example is the funding for key laboratories or key disciplines by some schools in higher education.
(5) Financial aid to students. The main form is interest-free or low-interest loans to students from poor or low-income families who receive higher education. In addition to loans, there are scholarships established by the state.
(6) scientific research funds. Including government research grants, research grants, research project contract grants, etc.
Government investment in education should be shared by governments at all levels, and the sharing ratio depends on the national budget management system and education management system.