Buddhists are divided into four categories, namely, men and women who become monks and women who stay at home. Monks are called' monks' and monks are called' monks'. Monks are Sanskrit (Indian classical language), which means begging for food, saying that they beg for food to make a living; There are also meanings such as fear of evil, elimination of evil, and net life. Ni is a female voice in Sanskrit. Commonly known as monks. Monks are short for Sanskrit' Sangha', which means facing the public. Those who live in harmony with more than three monks are called the masses. The monk system is not unique to Buddhism. In ancient India, all sects had the custom of becoming monks. His monks are collectively called "Samanas" (formerly known as "Sang Men"), which means to stop all evil deeds. Since other Indian sects were not introduced into China, Shaman became the special name of Buddhist monks. The world also calls monks' monks'. Monks are a common saying in India. If Sanskrit is used, it means' Wu Bo Tuona', that is, the meaning of pro-teacher, which is the same as the teacher's biography in the custom. Secular intellectuals among monks are also called' wizards', which means teachers who teach classics. Among them, the words bhikkhu and Samana are mostly used in words; Monks and monks are mostly used in spoken language. As for addressing each other, teachers are called so-and-so for ordinary monks, mages are called so-and-so for upper-class people, and monks are called so-and-so for temple abbots. Monks in Mongolian and Tibetan areas are called lamas, which is equivalent to monks in Han areas and also the meaning of Master. Commonly known as' nuns' rather than monks. Nepal is the strategy of Bhikuni, and Gu is from China. Secular people also call monks' big monks' and' two monks'. Or call bhikkhu the' first hall' and bhikkhuni the' second hall'. These names are not seen in classics, but they are very popular among the people.

The man in the family is called' excellent woman'; Women at home are called' excellent women'. Youposai is Sanskrit, which means a definite believer, a person who is close to things, and says that he is close to serving the three treasures. An excellent woman, a loyal woman, or a woman close at hand. Buddhism is commonly known as' lay man', which is a literal translation of Sanskrit' Jia'. Originally refers to rich and happy people, that is, people who accumulate wealth and goods, and later called monks at home.

People who believe in Buddhism need to go through certain procedures to leave their families and practice alone. Buddhism spread from India to China, and China spread from Han and Tang dynasties to the present. Due to different regions and times, the procedures for becoming a monk are different. According to Buddhist precepts, if a Buddhist believer wants to become a monk, he can go to a temple and ask a monk to be his' teacher'. This monk has to explain his feelings to the monks in the whole temple, solicit the opinions of Jin Shen, and get unanimous consent. Only then can he accept this person as an apprentice, shave off his beard, and give him the commandments of Misha (there are ten commandments of Misha), and this person will become Misha. Misha is Sanskrit, which means diligent person, saying that he should be encouraged by monks; There is also the meaning of kindness, which means that kindness should stop. Misha's youngest age is seven years old, and Yi Zhi is responsible for educating and supporting his disciples. As soon as he was 20 years old, with the consent of the monks, he called ten elders of Dade to give him the precepts of a monk (there are 250 precepts of a monk), and he became a monk. After five years of abstinence from monasticism, they can leave Yizhi Division, practice monasticism by themselves, March around and live in various monasteries. India has no system of genealogy, monk registration or temple registration. Misha and monks are only accepted by individuals, but not by the collective. Up to three people can accept the precepts of monks at the same time. As for a woman who becomes a monk, she must first follow a monk and receive the Shamini precepts (there are also ten Shamini precepts). At the age of eighteen, she accepted a Buddhist temple (a Buddhist temple has six precepts) and became a Buddhist temple, meaning a woman who studied Buddhism. After two years, at the age of 20, I first received the Bhikuni precept from Bhikuni, and then received the Bhikuni precept from Bhikuni (there are 340 Bhikuni precepts). This is called the second ordained, becoming a bhikkhuni. When Mahayana Buddhism was popular in India, monks who practiced Mahayana could learn the precepts of Bodhisattva voluntarily, but they did not have to.

After Buddhism was introduced into the Han nationality areas of China, in the Tang and Song Dynasties, monks had to be "walkers" in monasteries, taking on all kinds of hard work, hanging their hair without shaving, and learning from the novice monk. At that time, the government stipulates that if you become a monk, you can get permission, issue a decree, and designate a monk to belong to a temple, and then you can be qualified to become a monk. After that, we will wait for an opportunity to be appointed by monks in temples licensed by the government, and the appointees will also be appointed by the government. Monks and nuns shave their hair privately, without the permission of the government, without the permission of the government, without the membership of the temple, which is called private spending and will be punished. In the early Song Dynasty, people over 20 years old were ignored by the monk's precepts. People who are seven or eight years old are often disciplined by monks. As for the Bodhisattva amulet, it is still voluntary with the monk, and you can learn it at any time or not.

This procedure was completely abandoned in the Yuan Dynasty. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the system of "three jars with the same income" was stipulated. The monk first went to the temple to ask a monk to be a' barber' and shave his head without any discipline. Which monastery does the haircut master belong to, and his own monk belongs to this monastery, which is the next generation of this monastery. Generally speaking, monk's books only belong to descendants' temples (commonly known as small temples), and jungle temples cannot open monk's books. When a jungle temple preaches the precepts in public (small temples are not allowed to preach the precepts), when you go to the temple, you will be ordained by Misha, Bhikkhu and Bodhisattva in a few days, and you will receive official decrees at the same time, but the monk's name is not designated by the government. When Qianlong abolished the decree, it was only promulgated by the monastery that preached the precepts.

At present, the procedure of becoming a monk in Mongolian Tibetan areas is generally based on a relatively primitive method close to the Buddha's era, and there is no problem of genealogy and monk registration.

Family members who believe in Buddhism are willing to become formal Buddhists at home-Youposai and Youpoyi have to go through certain procedures. The basic condition of Buddhists at home is to accept three returns, namely, to Buddha, to Dharma and to monk. Refutation is refuge. He said that he took refuge in Buddhism and Buddhism with his physical and mental life and followed the teachings of Buddhism and Buddhism. The so-called refuge in Buddha here is not the life of refuge, but the moral quality of refuge in Buddha; The so-called returning to the law is the law of returning to nirvana; The so-called confessing monk should be the great bodhisattva and the great arhat guided by confessing Buddhism. To accept the three-homing, you have to go through a certain ceremony, that is, according to the three-homing ceremony, ask a mage to explain the meaning of the three-homing for yourself. I said that from now on, I will do my best to repay the three treasures. If so, you will become an excellent woman, an excellent woman. At the same time, or after a while, you can learn the five commandments. The ceremony also requires a mage to follow the five precepts and rituals taught, indicating that he will abide by them one by one, so that he will become an excellent woman and a woman. With the progress of self-study, to a certain extent, I can further learn the Bodhisattva amulet. I also want to ask a mage to teach me according to the ritual of giving bodhisattva amulet, so I will do it one by one, and then I will become the Bodhisattva amulet. The main reason for accepting the three-return is to return to Buddhism and Buddhism, and the teacher just wants to prove it. If you think that asking the mage to explain his exit is asking for help from the mage, then you lose the real meaning of asking for help from the three treasures.

Buddhist monks and Buddhists at home have differences in appearance and clothing besides shaving their beards and hair. According to the original regulations of Buddhism, monks have only three pieces of clothes to store, which are always called' cassock'. One of them is' five clothes', which is a shirt made up of five pieces of cloth. One is' seven clothes', which is a coat composed of seven pieces of cloth (usually worn); One is' Zufu', which consists of nine or even twenty-five pieces of cloth (etiquette or wear when going out). Each piece of cloth should consist of a piece of cloth with one length and one short (five clothes), two lengths and one short (seven clothes) or three lengths and one short (coat). This style is called "Tianxiang", which means like the shape of Nagata, indicating that family members can bless all beings. In the cold zone of China, it is not enough to wear only three clothes, such as the common clothes such as the round neck and square robe under the cassock. Later, with the changes of the times, the clothes of the laity changed styles, while the monks remained the same. If this is the case, the square robe with round neck will become a special type of monk's clothing. Buddhists at home usually only wear vulgar clothes, and they can wear a' robe' made of five pieces of cloth when they worship Buddha, which makes it clear that there is no field. Therefore, it is not allowed to use one long coat and one short coat. Misha and Shamini are only allowed to wear robes, and they are not allowed to wear cut cassocks.

Among Buddhists, monks and nuns are all single monks, so they must be pure and abstinent. This is not an easy task. Therefore, there were many questions before Buddhism formulated the bhikkhu amulet. Anyone who does not meet the requirements is not allowed to be bound by the precepts of monks. For example, parents have no permission, are heavily in debt, have chronic diseases or mental illness, and current officials have violated the four commandments of becoming a monk. As for being tired of being banned from becoming a monk by a monk, it is very easy to be secular. As long as you declare to anyone that you are willing to abstain from the precepts, you can give up your bhikkhu status and change your single life. If you don't quit, give up your status as a monk and violate the precepts without permission, this is called' breaking the precepts' and is not allowed. Other monks can report it and will be punished after being tried by the monks' congress. A layman who is bound by the five precepts can also voluntarily declare to anyone at any time to give up his status as a superior woman. Only the precepts of Bodhisattva can not be broken, and there is no such thing as giving up precepts.

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