Qufu in Shandong province
The origin of Qufu first appeared in The Book of Rites? Tang Ming: "Duke Zhou ... will be king in Qufu." Qufu, the center of Dongyi tribe, is located in the center of Dawenkou culture and Longshan culture, and is also the country of rites and music in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Confucius was born in Nishan and grew up in Kuili. He founded Confucianism in Xingtan and became an official in Ludu. After his death, the leaves returned to their roots and were buried in Si. Qufu is the place where he stayed all his life, leaving us many traces of activities that can be missed. The most famous sites are the Confucius Forest, Confucius Temple and Confucius House in Qufu, collectively known as the Three Holes.
Qufu, where Confucius lived, was the most prosperous period in history, leading the cultural trend at that time. Confucius traveled around the world all his life, giving lectures, teaching and spreading education, which opened the wind of cultural education and made Shandong an important birthplace and base for cultural and educational exchanges at that time. Its culture has a great influence on later generations. Today, the abbreviation of Shandong Province is still "Lu".
In history, Qufu experienced four great changes. The last time was when Ming Wuzong was in power. He ordered the renovation and establishment of a new city centered on these three caves. That is, today's Ming City in Qufu City, Shandong Province. Nowadays, as a famous tourist city, Mingcheng attracts tourists from all directions, spreads and learns the culture and spirit of Confucius, and promotes the great culture of the Chinese nation.
Confucius' educational thought Confucius' reputation as an educator is no less than that of a thinker. He was the first person who devoted himself to the cause of education in the history of our country, and his educational thought had a far-reaching influence on the educational behavior of later generations.
Confucius
Confucius first put forward the concept of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude in history. He believes that everyone's personality and ability are different, and everyone should not be treated equally in education. Education should be carried out according to everyone's personal characteristics and abilities, and different educational methods should be adopted for different objects. At the same time, he also advocates that everyone can receive education, regardless of the difference between rich and poor. Confucius also emphasized the importance of cultivating students' moral cultivation and put moral education first when educating students.
Confucius also attached importance to enlightenment education and thought that learning should start at an early age. He also stressed that as a student, we should keep a serious and hard-working attitude, learn from others with an open mind, and often review what we have learned while learning new knowledge. After all, he can learn new things by reviewing the old ones. Confucius believes that students should learn to think independently, not only by teachers' instruction, but also by teachers' instilling knowledge into students, making them think independently and giving them appropriate guidance.
Confucius not only put forward many excellent educational ideas, but also was an educator himself. He accepts students widely, and it is said that there are 3,000 disciples. He judges the specific situation of students by chatting with them and carefully observing their words and deeds, and then educates them according to their situation. When Confucius was a teacher, he also set an example and regarded himself as an example for students to learn. It is precisely because of Confucius' correct and appropriate educational methods that many talented and virtuous people have been cultivated.
Confucius was not born a saint, but also learned from his teacher. When he was young, he studied under the great thinker Laozi. It is said that he studied under a seven-year-old child called a prodigy. As a saint, Confucius was not ashamed to ask questions, which is also respected and praised by the world.
Confucius worshipped seven-year-old children as teachers.
Even though Confucius was a very famous teacher when he was young, he still felt that his knowledge was not enough and he still needed to learn. So, at the age of 30, he left his hometown as a teacher and went to Luoyang to find a great thinker. Confucius' hometown is far from Luoyang. Confucius traveled all the way, day and night, and finally arrived in Luoyang a few months later. Outside the city, Confucius saw a 70-year-old man standing beside the carriage in a robe, with gray hair and a gray beard, who looked very knowledgeable. Confucius thought that such an old man was probably the teacher he was looking for, so he went forward to salute and asked if the old man was Mr. Laozi. Lao Tzu was puzzled. He was recognized at a glance. He was even more puzzled when he heard Confucius say that he would learn from him as a teacher. He asked why Confucius worshipped him as a teacher, because his knowledge was as good as his own. Hearing this, Confucius made another salute and replied that Lao Tzu learned endlessly. Mr. Lao Tzu is knowledgeable. If you worship him as a teacher, you will certainly make progress. Since then, Confucius has been with Laozi every day, asking him questions anytime and anywhere, and Laozi, as a teacher, has also taught Confucius all his knowledge.
Whether it is Laozi whose knowledge Confucius worships is not worse than his, or a seven-year-old child who is worshipped as a teacher in rumors, we can all see Confucius' shameless character and keen pursuit of knowledge in these behaviors.
Confucius' father Confucius' father was Shu (622 BC-549 BC), a native of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period. The nobles of the Song Dynasty later went into exile and came to Changping, Lu. Shu is a versatile man with outstanding talent and moral character. He reads widely, knows astronomy, geography and martial arts. Shu Jiang, Meng's father and Lu Jiang are also called "three generals of Lu".
Shulianggong
After Shu fled to Lu, he settled down there. His wife gave birth to nine daughters and his concubine gave birth to a boy. The eldest son's name is Meng Pi, and it's Bernie. However, Bernie suffered misfortune in his childhood, leaving a physical defect and unable to inherit Shu's career. So Shu adopted Zou Man's father to his doorstep and let him live with Bernie. Although he adopted a son, he is not his own flesh and blood after all. Since ancient times, carrying on the family line has been a top priority for men, which makes Shu immersed in childlessness. After retiring from his hometown, his gentle and virtuous wife advised him to marry another concubine. Feeling the sincerity of his wife and the expectation of his successors, he proposed to Yan Jia, married a beautiful girl, Miss Yan San, and gave birth to a healthy boy. Because the boy was conceived in Nishan, he was named Kong Qiu, that is, Confucius who made great contributions to later generations.
Shu was 70 years old when he was born. Three years later, Shu was seriously ill and will be entrusted to him when he left, hoping to achieve great success in the future. Finally, looking at his wife and Kong Qiu, he passed away with infinite regret and was buried in the mountains. Confucius lived up to his father's expectations and eventually became a great scholar. To this end, Shu was praised by emperors of past dynasties and was named a sage.
How to evaluate Confucius Confucius
Confucius was born in the Western Zhou Dynasty when rites and music collapsed, and his ideal was to restore the order of rites and music in the Western Zhou Dynasty. In order to realize this ideal, Confucius experienced many ups and downs in his life. Although there is no way to display their political ideals and ambitions, they are unwilling to go along with the treacherous court official, and always stand firm and pursue the policy of virtue; Oppose tyranny, criminal law and the rule of law. Confucius cared for and cared for the people, educated them about "love" and hoped to build a harmonious society. In the bumpy road of realizing the ideal, "benevolence" and "courtesy" are carried forward. Always adhere to the thought of benevolence and propriety, and establish Confucian school. Confucius' Confucianism is the core of China's cultural thought for thousands of years.
Confucius carried out the educational thought all his life, advocated the spirit of private learning, and put forward teaching contents such as "teaching without distinction" and "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude", which created the situation of "civilian education" Confucius is a competent and good teacher. There are thousands of disciples worshipped by Confucius. According to their different characteristics, Confucius guided them to "teach students in accordance with their aptitude" and trained many disciples such as Yan Hui, Luz and Xia Zi, who were "shine on you is better than blue".
In his later years, Confucius also wrote and arranged books such as Spring and Autumn Annals and The Book of Rites, which improved the preservation and dissemination of traditional culture in China.
Confucius has always been our respected role model. He not only lives in famous works, but also sits in the temple, deeply in the soul of the Chinese nation.