Cao Cao, Wei Wudi (A.D.1July, 55 18 ~ 220), was born in Mengde, alias Ayun, Geely and Peiguoqiao (now Bozhou, Anhui). Outstanding politician, strategist, writer, poet, Han nationality in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. His poems are famous for their generosity and tragic. Politically and militarily, Cao Cao eliminated many separatist forces, unified most of northern China, and implemented a series of policies to restore economic production and social order, which laid the foundation for the founding of Cao Wei. In literature, under the impetus of Cao Cao and his son, Jian 'an literature represented by "Three Caos" (Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi) was formed, which was called "Jian 'an Style" in history and left a glorious stroke in the history of literature.
Cao Cao was buried in Gaoling after his death. After the establishment of Cao Wei, Cao Cao was honored as "Emperor Wu", with the temple name "Taizu" and was known as Wei Wudi in history.
About Li Bai
The tide of Tang poetry is magnificent and full of weather. Among them, the most striking and moving is Li Bai's creation. Li Bai's poems and songs fully and intensively reflect the spiritual outlook of that era. Full of youthful enthusiasm, vigorous spirit of fighting for liberation, positive and optimistic ideal prospect and strong personality, all these have merged into a particularly energetic song in the history of ancient China poetry.
His father, Li Ke (or his real name is unknown, "Ke" is a general term for outsiders), is rich and does not seek a career, so people suspect that he may be a giant businessman. Li Bai spent his boyhood in Shu, and he read extensively since he was a child. The so-called "recite at the age of five, read a hundred schools at the age of ten" ("Pei Yun History of Shang 'an Prefecture"), "read strange books at the age of fifteen and write Ling Xiangru (give a piece). When I was young, I was at war with Ren Xia, and I told Han's Jingzhou Book:
"Fifteen good swordsmanship, gentlemen." Hao Wei said that he "has bright eyes and is as hungry as a tiger ... Ren Xia is less, and there are several people holding knives" (Preface to Li Hanlin). Cui Zongzhi also described his demeanor with sentences such as "dagger sword on the sleeve" and "eyes shine on people" in the poem "Give Li Twelve White". After a long time, he reminisced with his friends, and he also recalled with great interest the past when he broke through the encirclement of the Five Mausoleums (see "Reminiscing about the past and giving it to Jiang Yang Slaughterhouse").
He also yearned for the life asked by the immortals a long time ago: "Fifteen trips to the immortals have never stopped." Li Bai lived in seclusion in Daitian Kuangshan at the age of eighteen or nineteen, and studied under Zhao Yan. Zhao Kun is a scholar who "sees the world in the way of Wang Ba" (Sun Guangxian's "North Dream"). His ten volumes of Long and Short Classics are the knowledge of doing things for the country and saving the world. When Li Bai met Su Xiang at the age of twenty, he won the admiration of this "great court player" and a great writer. In the autumn of the 12th year of Kaiyuan (724), Li Bai "served the country with one sword and left his relatives to travel far away" (A Long History of Shang Anpei). He went down from Mount Emei along Pingqiang River to Jingmen and Dongting, then to Jinling, Guangling and Huiji, and soon returned to Chuanxi to live in Yuncheng (now Anlu, Hubei). At that time, Sima Chengzhen, a famous Taoist, met him in Jiangling, boasting that he was "sage-like, able to roam freely in the face of octupole" (Preface to Li Bai and Fu Dapeng). In the fifteenth year of Kaiyuan, I married my granddaughter. Three years later, in the 18th year of Kaiyuan (730), Li Bai left Nanyang for Chang 'an, when he was just thirty years old.
Li Baichu has been in Chang 'an for about three years. He lives in seclusion in Zhong Nanshan, making friends, hoping to get the recommendation of the princes. At that time, Princess Yu Zhen, the sister of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, was in Zhong Nanshan, and literati (including famous poets Wang Wei and Chu Guangxi) frequented her. Li Bai met the princess, but failed to do so, and finally went away disgruntled. In the summer of the 20th year of Kaiyuan (732), Li Bai wandered in Jiangxia, Luoyang, Taiyuan and other places east of the Yellow River. Twenty-four years later, the whole family moved to the east, "learning the sword and coming to Shandong" ("Going East in May to Answer Wen Shangweng"). When he lived in Rencheng, he and Kong and others would drink in Culai Mountain, which was called "Six Chapters of Zhuxi". Later, he roamed Henan, Huainan, Hunan and Hubei, climbed Mount Tai in the north and reached Hangzhou and Huiji in the south. Wherever he went, all kinds of poems were sung, and the names of poems and songs spread far and wide, shaking the ruling and opposition parties. Finally, even the emperor was shocked.
About Du Fu
Du Fu (7 12~770), with beautiful words, was named Shaoling Yelao, Ling Du Yelao and Ling Du Buyi, and was also called Du Shaoling and Du Gongbu. Han nationality, originally from Xiangyang, Hubei (now Xiangfan, Hubei), was born in Gongxian, Henan, China (now gongyi city). Died in Leiyang City. Today, Leiyang has Du Fu's Tomb, Du Gongbu Temple, Ling Du Bridge, Ling Du Academy and other sites, which are key cultural relics protection units in Hunan Province. Du Fu Park was established on the basis of Du Fu's site. There are only more than 60 poems about Du Fu's Tomb and Duke Gong's Temple in the past dynasties, and there are also Du Fu's Caotang in Chengdu.
Du Fu had a rough life. He was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty and a world cultural celebrity. He and Li Bai are also called "Du Li". Du Fu was the foreign minister of Zuo Shiyi and the proofreading department, so he was later called Du Gongbu. Good at ancient style and rhythmic poetry, with diverse styles. He accurately summed up the style of his works with the word "depressed and frustrated", but mainly depressed. Du Fu lived in the historical period from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty, and his poems mostly involved social unrest, political darkness and people's sufferings. His poems are known as "the history of poetry", and later generations respectfully call him "the sage of poetry". Du Fu is concerned about the country and the people, with noble personality and exquisite poetic skills. Du Fu wrote more than 1400 poems in his life, many of which are famous works that have been handed down through the ages, such as Three Officials, Three Farewells and Du Gongbu Collection. Among them, the "three officials" are Shi Haoguan, Xin 'an official and Tongguan official, and the "three farewell" are newly married, homeless and resigned. Du Fu's poems were the most widely circulated in the Tang Dynasty, and he was one of the most outstanding poets in the Tang Dynasty, which had a far-reaching influence on later generations.
Du Fu's distant ancestor was Du Yu, a famous soldier in Jin Dynasty. The position that great-grandfather Du once held. Grandfather is Du, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty. He is a member of the board of directors and has his own autobiography. In his youth, he traveled to Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hebei and Shandong, met Li Bai twice and forged a profound friendship. Father Du Xian holds the position of Fengtianling.
Du Fu and Du Mu are distant relatives, both descendants of Du Yu, the general who destroyed Sun Wu in Jin Dynasty (Du Fu was Du Yu's twentieth grandson).
About Su Shi
Su Shi (103765438+1October 8-1August 24), with the word Zizhan and the word Hezhong, was called "Dongpo layman" by the world. A famous writer, painter and poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, and a representative of the unrestrained poets. Han nationality, from Luancheng, Meizhou (now Meishan, Sichuan, Meishan City, Northern Song Dynasty). According to historical records, Su Shi was more than eight feet three inches long (186cm). He is an open-minded man. He worked in Song Gaozong for six years and gave it to a teacher. Su Shi, the second son of Su Xun, became a scholar with his younger brother Su Zhe in the second year of Jiayou (1057). Dali was appointed as the judge and signed the book Fengxiang House. In the second year of Xining (1069), he returned to the DPRK after the expiration of his father's funeral system and sued the court for being a judge. Disagree with Wang Anshi's political views, oppose the implementation of the new law (not completely disagree, but still partially approve), and invite him to be a judge in Hangzhou. Move to Mizhou (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province) and Xuzhou. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), he was involved in Wutai poetry case, and was responsible for granting Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei Province) as an assistant and setting up this state. He is not allowed to sign books and official documents. Empress Dowager Zhe Li Zong came to the DPRK and was reinstated as Langfengzhi Dengzhou (now Penglai, Shandong Province); Four months later, he was transferred to the doctor of does; Less than ten days after taking office, besides his daily life, he also moved to Mr. Sheren in Zhongshu, and also moved to Zhi Zhi Patent (Grade II) of Hanlin University to know the tribute of does. Yuan You went out to know Hangzhou in four years (1089), and later changed to know Yingzhou, Yangzhou and Dingzhou. In the eighth year of Yuan You (1093), he was demoted to Huizhou (now Huiyang, Guangdong) and later joined Changhua Army (now Danzhou, Hainan). Hui Zong acceded to the throne and returned to the north after being pardoned. Zhong Jian Yuan (1 10 1) died in Changzhou (now Jiangsu) and was buried in Yucheng County (now jia county, Henan) at the age of 66. He, his father Su Xun (1009- 1066) and his brother Su Zhe (1039-165438) are all famous for their literature, and they are also called "Three Sus". It is the same as "Cao San and his son" (Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi) at the end of Han Dynasty. "Three Sus" are three of the eight great writers in Tang and Song Dynasties, and they are the general names of the eight great prose writers in Tang and Song Dynasties, namely Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in Tang Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong in Song Dynasty. (divided into two Tang families and six Song families). As an outstanding poet, he created a bold style of ci, and was called "Su Xin" with the outstanding poet Xin Qiji. In poetry, he and Huang Tingjian are both called "Su Huang". Su Shi's works include Seven Episodes of Dongpo, Dongpo Yuefu, Before and After Chibi Fu and so on. Politically, it belongs to the old party with Sima Guang as its leader. He has great attainments in calligraphy, and is called "Song Sijia" with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang. There are inevitably some political thoughts in poetry.
About Lu Xun
Lu Xun (1881.9.25—10.19), a famous writer in China, was originally named Zhou Zhangshou, later renamed Zhou Shuren, and later changed to Cai Yu, a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Lu Xun is a great proletarian writer, thinker and revolutionary, and the commander-in-chief of China's cultural revolution.
Lu Xun was born in the mouth of the factory building in the east of Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, Han nationality. He lost his father when he was young, and his life was miserable. He lives by washing clothes for people by his mother and sister. There are hundreds of pen names. In May 2008, 1965438+ published the first vernacular novel Diary of a Madman under the pen name of Lu Xun for the first time. His works are mainly novels and essays, and his representative works are: novel collection Scream, Wandering, New Story, prose collection Morning Flowers and Evening Picking (formerly known as Coming Back to Life), vernacular novel Diary of a Madman, prose poetry collection Hometown and Weeds, prose collection Grave, Hot Wind, Huagai Collection, etc.
Dozens of novels, essays, poems and essays by Mr. Lu Xun have been selected into Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools. (Among them, "Young Runtu" is lesson 17 of the first volume of the sixth grade of primary school), and the novels "Blessing" and "The True Story of Ah Q" have been adapted into movies. Lu Xun's museums and memorials have been established in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Xiamen, and Lu Xun's works have been translated into more than 50 languages including English, Japanese, Russian, Spanish and French. Lu Xun fought with pen all his life and was praised as "soul of china" by Chairman Mao. On September 4th, 2009, KLOC-0 was awarded as "one of the 100 hero models who made outstanding contributions to the founding of New China".
About Hawking
Stephen william hawking (English name: stephen william hawking) was born in Oxford, England, on 1942 [1] year 10, which was the 300th anniversary of Galileo's death. Graduated from Oxford University and Cambridge University successively, and obtained a doctorate in philosophy from Cambridge University. He has been in a wheelchair for 46 years because at the age of 265,438+0, he unfortunately suffered from Luger's disease, which would make his muscles atrophy. Speech and question-and-answer can only be done by a speech synthesizer. He is a professor of applied mathematics and theoretical physics at Cambridge University in England, the most important contemporary general relativity and cosmologist, and one of the great men who enjoy international reputation in this century. He is also known as the greatest scientist in the world and the "king of the universe". In 1970s, together with Penrose, he proved the famous singularity theorem, for which they jointly won the Wolff Prize in Physics of 1988. He is therefore known as the most famous scientific thinker and the most outstanding theoretical physicist in the world after Einstein. He also proved the area theorem of black holes, that is, the area of black holes does not decrease with the increase of time. This naturally makes people associate the area of a black hole with the entropy of thermodynamics. 1973, he considered the quantum effect near the black hole, and found that the black hole would emit radiation like a blackbody, and the temperature of the radiation was inversely proportional to the mass of the black hole, so that the black hole would gradually become smaller because of the radiation, but the temperature was getting higher and higher, and finally it ended in a last-minute explosion. The discovery of black hole radiation is of great significance, which unifies gravity, quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics.
1974, his research turned to the theory of quantum gravity. Although people haven't got a successful theory, they have found some characteristics of it. For example, space-time is not flat on the Planck scale (10-33 cm), but in a bubble state. There is no pure state in quantum gravity, the law of causality is broken, and the unknowability rises from classical statistical physics and quantum statistical physics to the third level of quantum gravity.
After 1980, his interest turned to quantum cosmology.
In July 2004, Hawking revised his original viewpoint of "black hole paradox", and information should be conserved.
The subtitle of this book is From BIGBANG to Black Hole. Hawking believes that the contribution of his life lies in that, within the framework of classical physics, the inevitability of black holes and big bang singularities has been proved, and black holes are getting bigger and bigger; However, under the framework of quantum physics, he pointed out that the black hole became smaller and smaller due to radiation, and the singularity of the Big Bang was not only smoothed out by quantum effect, but the whole universe also started from here.
The details of theoretical physics will change in the next 20 years, but as far as concept is concerned, it is quite complete now.
Hawking's life is very legendary. In terms of scientific achievements, he is one of the most outstanding scientists in history. His contribution was made when he was confined to a wheelchair by Luger's disease for 20 years, which was really unprecedented. Because his contribution has a far-reaching impact on the concept of human beings, there are many descriptions in the media about how he struggled with total paralysis. Therefore, God is fair to everyone. He has a physical defect, but his mind is smart! Nevertheless, one of the translators (Wu) saw him for the first time at 1979. It was my first time to attend the seminar on general relativity of Hawking Group in Cambridge. After the door was opened, a very weak electric sound suddenly sounded behind my head. Looking back, I saw a scrawny man reclining in an electric wheelchair and turning on the electric switch himself. The translator tries to be polite and not too surprised, but he is used to being surprised at the degree of disability of people who meet for the first time. He needs a lot of effort to raise his head. Before he lost his voice, he could only speak in a very weak deformed language, and he could only understand it after working and living with him for several months. He can't write, and reading must rely on a page-turning machine. When reading literary works, he must spread out every page on a big desk, and then he drives a wheelchair to read page by page like a silkworm eating mulberry leaves. People have to pay deep respect to the human soul who pursues the ultimate truth with such a strong will. From his help to the translator's private affairs, we can realize that he is a person. Every day, he drives a wheelchair from his home at No.5 Cambridge West Road, crosses the beautiful Jianhe River and the ancient King's College, and arrives at the office of the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics in Silver Street. A slope was specially built in the department to facilitate him to take a wheelchair.
One of the translators of this book was taught by Hawking for four years and completed his doctoral thesis under his guidance. This book was translated into Chinese at Hawking's request, so that one fifth of the human population could understand his theory.
He also proved the area theorem of black holes. In Cambridge University, which is rich in academic tradition, his position is the highest professorship in the history of Cambridge University, that is, Lucasson Professor of Mathematics who was once held by Newton and Dirac. He holds several honorary degrees and is a member of the Royal Society. In the public evaluation, he is considered as one of the most outstanding theoretical physicists after Albert Einstein. He proposed that the big bang started from the singularity, and the black hole would eventually evaporate from this moment, which was an important step to unify the two basic theories of physics in the 20th century-Einstein's theory of relativity and Planck's quantum theory.
He was confined to a wheelchair for 40 years because of "gradual freezing" (Luger's disease of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), but he was physically and mentally disabled and turned it into an advantage, overcoming his disability and becoming a supernova in the international physics community. He can't write or even read clearly, but he transcends relativity, quantum mechanics and the Big Bang theory and enters the "geometric dance" to create the universe. Although he was so helpless in a wheelchair, his thoughts traveled brilliantly in the vast space and time, and solved the mystery of the universe.
Hawking's charm lies not only in his legendary physical genius, but also in his convincing life force. His constant pursuit of scientific spirit and brave and tenacious personality strength deeply attracted everyone who knew him. Suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, he is almost paralyzed and unable to pronounce, but he still published A Brief History of Time in 1988, and has sold more than 100000 copies so far, becoming one of the best-selling popular science works in the world.
He is praised by the world as "the greatest living scientist", "another Einstein", "an out-and-out man in life" and "a man who dares to challenge his destiny".
early stage
Hawking 1942 was born in Oxford, England. His father Frank is an expert in tropical diseases who graduated from Oxford University, and his mother Isabel studied philosophy, politics and economy in Oxford on 1930.
1942 65438+ 10, Nazi Germany bombed England indiscriminately, and London was attacked almost every night. This forced the Hawkins to leave their home in Haegert and take refuge in Oxford. After Hawking was born, they returned to London. When he was a child, Hawking's academic performance was not outstanding, but he liked to design extremely complicated toys. It is said that they once made a simple computer.
1959, 17-year-old Hawking entered the University College of Oxford University to study natural science, claiming that it took him very little time to get a first-class honorary degree, and then transferred to Cambridge University to study cosmology. 1963 was diagnosed as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, that is, motor neuropathy. At that time, the doctor diagnosed that he could only live for two years. Although he survived, he gradually became paralyzed in the next few decades.
Hawking once clarified that he didn't drink at that time, only felt that he had a "tragic character" and was addicted to Wagner's music. Until he met his first wife, Jane Wilde, and they got married and had three children. He received his doctorate at the age of 23 and stayed at Cambridge University for research.
About Beethoven
"Do your best to be a good person. Love and freedom are more important than anything else. Even if you forget the throne, don't forget the truth. " -Beethoven (note 1792)
Ludwig van Beethoven (1770- 1827), a great German composer and one of the representatives of the Viennese classical music school, played a decisive role in the development of world music (from classical period to romantic period) and was honored as a "music saint" by the world.
Beethoven1770 65438+February 16 was born in Bonn, a small town near France on the Rhine. He was born in a Flemish family, a musical family. His grandfather's name is Lutvik, the head of the Bonn Palace Orchestra, and his father is an alcoholic tenor. His mother is a maid and the daughter of a cook. Beethoven showed his musical talent from an early age. His father is eager to train him to be a genius like Mozart. From an early age, he was kept at home to play the violin, or forced to practice beside the harpsichord all day. At the age of eight, he began to perform in concerts and tried to compose music. However, his music education in this period has been very chaotic and unsystematic. It is recognized as the most like Beethoven's portrait.
12 years old, he has been able to play freely, and served as an assistant to organist Nie Fei (Christian Gottlob Neve, 1748- 1798). At this time, he began to formally learn music from Nie Fei. Nie Fei is a versatile musician. He broadened Beethoven's artistic horizons, familiarized him with some excellent examples of German classical art, and consolidated Beethoven's understanding of lofty goals. Beethoven's formal study and systematic upbringing actually began with Nie Fei's careful teaching and training: Nie Fei also led him to teach Mozart in Vienna from 65438 to 0787. After listening to his performance, Mozart predicted that Beethoven would shake the world one day. Beethoven received the news of his mother's death shortly after he arrived in Vienna, and he had to go back to Bonn at once. Due to the drag of his family, he didn't come to Vienna for the second time until his father died in the autumn of 1792, but Mozart was already dead. After Beethoven came to Vienna for the second time, he quickly won the title of the most outstanding performer in Vienna (especially improvisation). Later, he studied under Franz Joseph Haydn (joseph haydn, 1732- 1809) and then under Schenk and Ablisberg (John Albrechtberg, 1736- 1809) and antonio salieri (antonio salieri, 65438). He contacted many famous professors, writers and musicians at that time through his association with Bonn intellectual Brenin, and was influenced by the trend of thought of "hurricane movement" from them. His democratic thought was mature a few years before the French Revolution, but it developed rapidly in the revolutionary era. Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven plaster model
1789 The thought of French bourgeois revolution and progress inspired him a lot and laid the curtain for his humanistic world. He believed in human equality, pursued justice and personal freedom, and hated the oppression of feudal autocracy. Although the three famous composers of Vienna Classical Music School lived in similar times, Beethoven's thoughts obviously did not belong to the same "era" as Haydn and Mozart. Haydn was humiliated all his life. Although he is occasionally provoked, he always leaves his fate to chance. At that time, progressive literary thoughts and revolutionary emotions rarely excited him, and his music was always insulated from struggle. Mozart suffered no less mental pain than Haydn. He dared to resist, preferring poverty to endure the insult of the archbishop. But in his music, from behind the joy full of sunshine and youthful vitality, we can often feel a trace of pain, melancholy and sadness. Only Beethoven, who not only angrily opposed the autocratic feudal system, but also called on people to fight for freedom and happiness with his music. Beethoven's creations in Bonn (1782- 1792) are mostly small piano pieces, duets and songs. It can be said that he was still in the preparatory stage of creation during this period. During his first ten years in Vienna (1792- 1802), his only famous works were Pathetique, Moonlight Piano Sonata, Croce Violin Sonata, Piano Concerto No.3 and so on. However, during this period, he had a further understanding of social and political issues, and he could also achieve the goal he tried to explore. 1802- 18 12 years, his creation entered a mature period, which later became his "heroic era".
Beethoven's Ludwig van Beethoven's Piano Beethoven's creative activities seem quite slow on the surface, but in fact they are very stable. He didn't write his first symphony until he was thirty, but Mozart had written about forty symphonies at this age.
Beethoven had a rough life and was deaf in his later years. He started from 1796, and at the age of 26, he began to feel his hearing was getting weaker and weaker, but it was not until 180 1 that he was convinced that his ear disease was incurable and told his friends about it. However, his love for art and life overcame his personal pain and despair-suffering became the source of his creative power. At the peak of such a spiritual crisis, Beethoven overcame many difficulties with strong will and began to write his optimistic third symphony Hero. The symphony Hero marks the turning point of Beethoven's spirit and the beginning of his "heroic era".
In the later period of Beethoven's stay in Vienna, because Europe was experiencing a serious period of political reaction, that is, the period when metternich's reactionary rule was particularly rampant, his creation also experienced a temporary decline (1813-1817). From 18 18, in the last ten years of Beethoven's life (18 18- 1827), he still wrote the ninth chorus symphony with giant perseverance, although he was completely deaf, his health deteriorated, his life was poor and his spirit was tortured.
Beethoven died in Vienna on March 26th, 1827; He died without a relative by his side, but when he was buried on the 29th of the same month, a mass wave formed. All schools were closed to express their condolences, and 20,000 people escorted his coffin. His tombstone is engraved with the inscription of the Austrian poet Greer Bache (179 1- 1872): "When you stand on his coffin, we can only tell people like him that he has made great achievements ... Beethoven's Ludwig van Beethoven's desk.
Beethoven is one of the greatest composers in the history of world art. His creation embodies his giant personality and reflects the progressive thought of that era. His image of revolutionary heroism can be used as "through suffering-towards joy; Win through struggle. " His works are magnificent, simple and distinctive, rich in music content and easy to be understood and accepted by the audience. Beethoven's music embodies the pain, joy, struggle and victory of the people of his time, so it always inspires people in the past and inspires their fighting spirit, and even now it makes people feel kind and inspiring.
Beethoven's works, such as Chorus of the Ninth Symphony, Destiny of the Fifth Symphony, Pastoral of the Sixth Symphony, Piano Concertos of the Third, Fourth and Fifth Emperors, Moonlight Music, Tragic Piano Sonata and Solemn Mass, etc. , are all beautiful movements that get rid of classicism and express freedom and enthusiasm.
About Rodin
Rodin King's Art and Craft School was founded by Madame de Pompadour's favorite painter Bessie Lier in 1765, where students studied the art of binding and painting. Here, he met Horace Lacock, the first teacher he admired in his life. Lacock is an ordinary art teacher, but he encouraged Rodin to be faithful to the real artistic feeling from the beginning, instead of following academic dogma. Perhaps it was this teaching that influenced Rodin's life. During this period, he often went to the Louvre to copy the famous paintings of the masters. Unable to afford oil paints, Rodin transferred to a sculpture class and fell in love with sculpture. Lecocq also introduced him to the famous French animal sculptor Baye (Barye 1796 ~ 1875), which gave him a good basic training. After three years of hard and diligent study, Rodin is full of ambition and ready to enter the Paris Academy of Fine Arts. Lecocq introduced Rodin to the famous sculptor at that time (Hippolyte Maindron1801~1884) and asked him to sign Rodin's application for admission as a referee, but it was useless and Rodin lost the election. I still lost the election the next year. In the third year, an old host simply wrote next to Rodin's name: "I have no talent in my life, and it is a waste to continue applying." In this way, the future European sculptor was rejected by the Paris Academy of Fine Arts forever. This is a heavy blow to young Rodin who is eager to become a sculptor.
A bigger blow followed. Rodin's beloved sister Mary entered the monastery because of lovelorn love. Two years later, her weak spirit and body could not bear the frustration and cold life, and she died of illness. Rodin's spirit completely collapsed under this double blow, and he resolutely embarked on the road of his sister and became a monk. However, Rodin's strong body provided him with endless desires, among which the desire for creation ignited an uncontrollable flame in an artist's heart, which made Rodin, who was equally devout to God and art, fall into inner contradictions and pains. Emma, the kind and wise abbot, saw Rodin's thoughts from his depressed expression. He created conditions for Rodin to have the opportunity to paint and carve. When he saw that Rodin was really talented, he persuaded Rodin to return to the secular world, continue his sculpture career and "serve God with art". This encouraged Rodin. With a soothing and grateful heart, Rodin made a statue for Dean Emma in the monastery. This statue shows that Rodin, 23, has the insight, skills and skills to become a sculptor.
Rodin returned to Laycock and, with his help and support, began a career of self-study while working. Unable to afford a model, he hired a flat-headed beggar named Bibi as his model. The ugliness of the beggar made Rodin see the sadness and desolation shared by human beings on his old face, and at the same time reminded him of Michelangelo, a sculptor who worked hard and was lonely all his life. Therefore, the beauty and ugliness of life and art have different meanings in Rodin's eyes. When he creates, he pays attention to the expression of light on the surface of his works, and integrates the ideological connotation he wants to express into his works, making sculpture a powerful language, and people's thoughts and feelings far exceed their visual feelings. This artistic concept is exactly what the master Michelangelo pursued in his later years, and it was first shown in Rodin's The Man with the Broken Nose more than 300 years later, and it has been the source of their soul and charm all their lives.
Rodin is not only a master of sculpture, but also a great teacher. His students or assistants, even if they only had contacts, were deeply influenced by Rodin in art, but Rodin, as a teacher, never bound his students from the artistic point of view, so his students all matured and stood out, forming their own unique style. They learn from Rodin's creative spirit, so many of them are excellent, and some of them will become famous teachers in the future.
Rodin's life is a life of being attacked and ridiculed, and also a life of being understood and supported by others. But he always faces all this correctly with great personality. Rodin climbed all his life and finally reached another peak after Michelangelo. Rodin firmly believed that "art is emotion". All his works have proved this concept and profoundly revealed the rich feelings of human beings. In this respect, Rodin is the most outstanding master of romantic sculpture. But his greatness lies in his profound thoughts: he does not have the disadvantages that are easy to see in romanticism, such as superficial enthusiasm, empty exaggeration and false connotation. He prefers tragic themes and is good at discovering strength and beauty from breaking. This makes his art have profound character, touching and inspiring, and makes us wander in the waves of the soul, the meaning of life, the mystery of the universe and the magic of creation. From this point of view, Rodin surpassed romanticism, sects, times and regions and became a bright star in the historical galaxy. He sympathized with the working people at the bottom, loved the motherland, and devoted his life to the persistent pursuit of art and thinking hard about all kinds of pains in life. He initiated a brand-new era and created a brand-new artistic technique. The ideological and spiritual charm embodied in his works will always bring people a profound sense of beauty and inspire people to keep thinking.