Chronic diseases are a kind of diseases with long-term development and slow progress, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases and some cancers.

Unlike infectious diseases, chronic diseases are usually caused by a series of long-term unhealthy lifestyles and environmental factors. Primary prevention refers to preventing diseases by controlling risk factors, promoting healthy behaviors and improving the environment before they occur. The following are some feasible primary preventive measures in life, which will help prevent the occurrence of chronic diseases.

1. Healthy eating:

Good eating habits are the basis of preventing chronic diseases. It is suggested to adopt a balanced diet structure, increase the intake of vegetables, fruits, whole grains and protein, and reduce the intake of saturated fat, cholesterol, salt and sugar. Avoid high-calorie and high-sugar processed foods and choose healthy cooking methods, such as steaming, boiling and baking.

2. Active exercise:

Regular physical exercise helps to maintain a healthy weight, lower blood pressure and improve cardiovascular function. Do at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise every week, such as brisk walking, swimming and cycling. In addition, you can also add some strength training to enhance muscle strength and bone density.

3. Quit smoking and limit drinking:

Quitting smoking is an effective measure to prevent chronic respiratory diseases and cancer. Smoking is highly correlated with cardiovascular disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Drink moderately. Excessive drinking is related to the occurrence of various chronic diseases, including liver disease and heart disease.

4. Managing stress:

Long-term mental stress and stress are related to the increased risk of chronic diseases. Learning ways to cope with stress, such as regular exercise, learning relaxation skills and establishing a good social support system, will help reduce the risk of chronic diseases.

5. Regular physical examination and screening:

Regular physical examination and disease screening are helpful for early detection of potential health problems. For example, the monitoring of blood pressure, blood sugar, cholesterol and other indicators is helpful for the early detection of chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes.

6. Maintain a healthy weight:

Maintaining a proper weight is an important factor to prevent chronic diseases. Overweight or obesity is related to the occurrence of various chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, arthritis and so on. A reasonable diet and moderate exercise help to maintain a healthy weight.

7. Get enough sleep:

Good sleep is very important for the recovery of the body and the improvement of immunity. Long-term lack of sleep will increase the risk of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and metabolic diseases.

8. Avoid harmful environment:

Reduce the possibility of contact with harmful environment, such as reducing air pollution and avoiding contact with toxic substances. This helps to reduce the risk of some chronic diseases.

9. Develop good hygiene habits:

Washing hands frequently and maintaining personal hygiene can help prevent some infectious diseases and reduce the risk of chronic diseases caused by infectious diseases.

10. Health education and self-management:

Knowing the knowledge of prevention of chronic diseases through health education and learning self-management will help individuals to better protect their health.