First, create an experience situation and experience the value of painting strategy.
Primary school students' mathematics learning is in the transition stage from image thinking to abstract thinking. Many mathematical problems are mostly presented in the form of words, and the language expression of pure words is so simple and boring that it is often impossible to understand the meaning of the questions. According to students' age characteristics, let students draw a picture on paper by themselves, concretize abstract mathematical problems with the help of line drawings or physical drawings, restore the true colors of problems, let children understand and understand the meaning of problems, expand students' thinking of solving problems, help them find the key to solving problems, and thus improve students' problem-solving ability. Therefore, teachers should be good at creating experience situations in teaching, so that students can have the need of painting in the process of thinking, experience methods, perceive strategies, develop thinking and gain ideas in their own painting activities.
Set up some situations or problems, so that students will encounter some psychological obstacles in the process of solving problems, have the need to seek strategies, feel the benefits of painting strategies, realize the necessity of learning painting strategies, form the internal driving force of learning, and urge students to consciously think of using painting strategies to serve the needs of learning.
Second, exchange painting methods and feel the diversity of painting strategies.
Drawing strategy is a basic problem-solving strategy, which shows the information presented by the problem through pictures and finds the answer to the problem through intuitive symbolic information display. There are various forms of drawing, besides the familiar line drawing, plan drawing, three-dimensional drawing, assembly drawing and statistical drawing, there are also graphic representations given by students in their own way, such as physical drawings and schematic drawings. In teaching, students can be guided to draw different pictures according to their own needs to help them analyze and understand the quantitative relationship and solve practical problems. At the same time, students are encouraged to put forward their own different opinions, communicate with each other and share their own strategies, so that students can experience the value and interest of mathematics and stimulate their interest and desire in learning and applying mathematics.
Clever use of drawing strategy can help students solve the famous problem in ancient mathematics-the problem of chickens and rabbits in the same cage. "Chicken and rabbit in the same cage" is a headache for many students to learn, but this strategy can be easily solved. For example, chickens and rabbits live in the same cage, with 8 heads and 26 legs. How many chickens and rabbits are there? When drawing, first guide the students to draw all eight heads into two legs or four legs, and find that all the legs are rabbits or chickens. With this discovery, students can count the number of chickens or rabbits by increasing or decreasing their legs.
Make use of the characteristics that students like drawing and are good at drawing, and let them draw in their favorite way. The original ecological graphics are vivid and interesting, reappearing the relationship between numbers, combining mathematics with graphics, and promoting thinking through drawing. Finally, the complexity can be simplified, the abstraction can be intuitive, and the answer to the question can be better found. At the same time, let them experience the happiness of solving problems with pictures and the sense of success brought by solving problems with pictures.
Third, provide exploration space and improve the ability to use painting strategies.
Any problem-solving strategy needs to go through a problem-solving process. Only with the deep participation of students' thinking can the formation process of strategies become the process of strategies in students' minds, and students' experience is profound. Therefore, in teaching, teachers should let students practice and explore independently, provide enough time and space for students' exploration activities, give full play to students' creative potential and solve practical problems flexibly and effectively.
4. Realize the transformation from number to shape, and understand the mathematical thought of drawing strategy.
The combination of numbers and shapes can sometimes make the internal relationship between quantities more intuitive and become one of the effective methods to solve problems. In the process of analyzing problems, we should pay attention to the combination of numbers and shapes. According to the specific situation of the problems, we should turn the graphic problems into quantitative problems, or turn the quantitative problems into graphic problems, so as to simplify complex problems, concretize abstract problems, make it difficult and easy, and effectively improve students' ability to analyze and solve problems while improving their interest in learning.
By drawing, numbers and shapes are skillfully combined, so that shapes can intuitively reflect the internal relations of numbers, broaden ideas, simplify complex problems and solve problems smoothly and quickly. At the same time, the combination of numbers and shapes and extreme thoughts are infiltrated, so that students can see the numbers in their minds and the graphics in their minds, and their thinking can be expanded.
The strategy of "drawing" runs through the problem-solving teaching of mathematics in primary schools. In the teaching process, teachers should make good use of it, give more guidance and penetrate it in time, so that students can master the mathematical skills of "drawing strategies", gradually have the consciousness of using effective strategies, form good thinking habits, enhance students' thinking ability, understanding and creativity, and improve their ability to use strategies flexibly to solve practical problems.