June, 5438 +2009 10 Beijing self-taught "History of Psychology", the real essay question No.2.

On Feng Te's view of psychological research methods.

A: (1) Feng Te believes that psychology is a science that studies direct experience. He believes that the research object of science is experience. Feng De believes that although psychology and physics are both learning experiences, there are differences. The difference is that psychology studies direct experience and physics studies indirect experience. Psychological processes such as feelings and emotions in psychological research are directly experienced by people, and this experience is more real and lifelike.

(2) Feng Te advocated the theory of mind-body parallelism. He believes that the psychological process and physiological process of the brain are two independent series, which are consistent, but there is no causal relationship.

(3) Feng Te thinks that there are two methods of psychology: experimental self-observation (introspection) and "national psychological method" (psychological product analysis). Feng De thinks that the previous introspection methods are unscientific and the materials obtained are unreliable. Introspection method is reliable only when it is combined with experimental method and becomes experimental introspection or experimental self-observation. He also advocated using the method of "psychological product analysis" to study the social psychology of advanced psychological processes, such as understanding thinking through language analysis. In his book Outline of Ethnic Psychology, he divided social development into primitive times, totem times, heroic times and humane times.

(4) Feng Te believes that psychology can be analyzed into various elements, and complex psychological processes are composed of these elements, but they have new properties different from those of the elements that make them up. There is a certain rule that psychological elements are combined into a complex process. The task of psychology is to analyze these psychological elements through experimental self-observation and seek how to synthesize the laws of complex psychological processes.