I. Ideological and political education
Ideological and political education is a social practice in which a society or a social group exerts a purposeful, planned and organized influence on its members with certain ideological concepts, political views and moral norms, so as to form an ideological and moral quality that meets certain social requirements. It is also a lifelong learning course of China literature.
Two. research direction
Personality is the result of people's socialization, which is generally understood as an individual psychological trait expressed by reason. Personality is closely related to people's innate endowment, but it is also closely related to the acquired living environment, habit formation and education, and also related to specific national culture. Therefore, personality is actually the unity of human common culture and individual psychological characteristics, and the cultivation of personality is not only a sign of personal growth, but also a sign of national character.
Generally speaking, the content of personality education and cultivation mainly includes the following aspects: First, the cultivation of daily habits, including the daily behavior of walking, sitting and lying down and the mastery of speech. Good daily habits are the basis of good morality. The concept of "etiquette" in traditional culture in daily life education is the requirement of developing good habits. Second, the development of lifestyle includes the attitude towards food, clothing, housing and transportation and the requirement of neatness. The cultivation of healthy lifestyle is the beginning of forming healthy values and outlook on life. In this regard, people should be educated to develop a simple, thrifty, material, quiet and hygienic lifestyle, and oppose and abandon the concepts of luxury, erosion, waste and excess. Third, the cultivation of psychological tendency is mainly extroversion or introversion.
Generally speaking, extroverted psychological tendency is easy to accept new things, but there are also problems that ideas are easy to fluctuate and change; Introverts tend to be stable and seek common ground while reserving differences, but they are rigid and inflexible. Good psychological orientation education should probably seek a "neutral" state between the two. At the same time, in terms of psychological tendency, we should also pay attention to cultivating people's independent temperament and ability, and combine this temperament with the consciousness of "obedience" in observing social norms and public authority, instead of blindly thinking that independence is good and obedience is wrong. On the other hand, under the circumstances that the life in modern society is generally rich, we should keep in mind the lesson of "being born with worries", give proper frustration training to teenagers, and cultivate the spirit of suffering, the courage to face difficulties and the perseverance to overcome setbacks. Fourth, the cultivation of interpersonal habits, interpersonal habits do not refer to interpersonal relationships in the general sense, but to a natural tendency of people to cultivate interpersonal relationships, which is a manifestation of personality, that is, an internal interpersonal natural force, without artificial power. Generally speaking, interpersonal habits can be divided into two types: harmonious habits such as being good at coordination, tolerance, forbearance, compromise and cooperation. And antagonistic habits such as competition, competition, demanding, attack, division, struggle, isolation and self-isolation. These two habits are closely related to the cultivation of people's moral behavior and ideology.
Generally speaking, the goal of personality cultivation should be to educate and cultivate people's harmonious habits, not to eliminate antagonistic habits. Even in the cultivation of adult personality, confrontation can only be used as a temporary interpersonal relationship or working means, and should not become a personality habit. Otherwise, interpersonal relationships in society will deteriorate, and confrontation and struggle between people will be inevitable. To achieve this, we should pay attention to overcoming the incorrect views of "self-awareness" and "self-worth" in modern ideological concepts, inherit and cultivate the traditional spiritual realm of "selflessness", eliminate people's egocentrism, and strive to make people achieve the realm of being a pure person, a noble person and a dedicated person.
Three. foundations of education
This course requires candidates to understand the subject characteristics, development history and research status of ideological and political education, master basic concepts, and be able to analyze and solve theoretical and practical problems by using the basic principles and methods of ideological and political education.
Examination content
1, Introduction: Concept analysis of ideological and political education; The research object of ideological and political education; The research content and characteristics of ideological and political education; Methods and significance of ideological and political education research.
2. Inheritance and reference of ideological and political education: correctly handle the relationship between inheritance and reference, development and innovation; Develop and utilize the resources of social ideological and moral education of the exploiting class; The establishment and development of proletarian ideological and political education.
3. Theoretical basis of ideological and political education: Marxism is the theoretical basis of ideological and political education; The main theoretical basis of ideological and political education.
4. The category of ideological and political education: thought and behavior: educators and educatees; Internalization and externalization; Guide and guide; Education and management; Material encouragement and spiritual encouragement.
5. The process and law of ideological and political education: the formation, development and law of ideological and political morality: the structure and characteristics of the ideological and political education process; The process and law of ideological and political education.
6. The position and function of ideological and political education.
7. Ideological and political education environment: the characteristics and functions of ideological and political education environment: the influence of ideological and political education environment; Optimization of ideological and political education environment.
8. Understanding and research on the object of ideological and political education-the significance and methods of understanding the object of education: the analysis of the characteristics of the object of education; The core object of ideological and political education.
9. The goal and content of ideological and political education: the basis of establishing the goal: the type and characteristics of the goal; The content and experiment of the target; Contents of ideological and political education.
10, the mechanism, principle and method of ideological and political education.
1 1. Ideological and political education evaluation: the meaning, characteristics and functions of ideological and political education evaluation: the construction of evaluation index system of ideological and political education: the adjustment mechanism of ideological and political education evaluation; The development trend of ideological and political education evaluation.
12, team building of ideological and political education: the importance of strengthening the team building of ideological and political education; The structure and function of ideological and political education team; The quality of ideological and political education team and its cultivation: the selection and management of ideological and political education team.
Four. research objects
Ideological and political education is a science that guides people to form correct thoughts and behaviors. It takes the formation and change law of people's thoughts and behaviors and the law of implementing ideological and political education as the research object. Among them, the transformation of people's thoughts, viewpoints and positions, as well as the formation law of outlook on life and world are the focus of the study. Ideological and political education is a complex network system, and its research objects mainly include:
(1) Study human physiological and psychological factors, study the development process of need-motivation-behavior, and reveal the development law of people's own thoughts and behaviors.
(2) To study the relationship between universal and complex social factors and the formation and development of educational objects' outlook on life and world, and to reveal and explore the cross-dimensional role of social environment on educational objects and how to adjust the dynamic role of educational objects when they are affected by the environment.
(3) Study the management system and leadership function of ideological and political education, study the quality of ideological and political educators, and study how ideological and political education penetrates into the business field, promote the cooperation of society, schools and families, and form a joint force of education.
Second, the law of people's ideological and behavioral activities. People's thinking and behavior are the result of the interaction between individuals and the environment. Social environment produces people's needs and demands, and motivation dominates people's behavior. Some behavior results can feedback, adjust demand, strengthen motivation and re-dominate people's behavior. This periodic movement embodies the interaction and mutual restriction of various ideological factors and forms the process of people's ideological activities.
Third, the law of the implementation of ideological and political education. Following the law of the formation and development of people's thoughts and behaviors, ideological and political education should start with people's actual performance, analyze the ideological motivation that dominates actions, and then analyze the objective external conditions that produce thoughts from the ideological motivation, and then create and change the external environment according to the requirements of ideological and political education, so as to make it have the external conditions that produce good ideological motivation, thus prompting people to form good ideological motivation and helping people adopt scientific methods to strive for the best possible action effect. It is an important law of ideological and political education to change the objective external conditions that cause needs, master people's needs, change motivation and control behavior.
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